Geohealth最新文献

{"title":"Changes of Long-Term Exposure to Ultrafine Particles From 2010 to 2019 in High Income Countries in Relation to Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"F. Costabile,&nbsp;T. Economou,&nbsp;P. Georgiades,&nbsp;J. Lelieveld,&nbsp;T. Münzel,&nbsp;O. Hahad,&nbsp;A. Daiber,&nbsp;A. Pozzer","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GH001636","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ultrafine particles (UFPs) are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and occur at high number concentrations. Despite their ability to penetrate deep into the respiratory system, their harmfulness remains insufficiently studied, primarily due to the lack of reliable standardised and harmonized long-term global exposure data. In this study, we applied an ecological approach to provide an exploratory assessment of the long-term exposure to UFPs from 2010 to 2019 in high-income countries (HICs) in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk using publicly available country-level aggregate data. To minimize social and demographic confounding factors and use reliable UFP estimation, we focus exclusively on HICs and the findings should not be generalized globally. Using a newly developed global UFP data set, we estimated population-weighted exposure (PWE) over the past decade. These estimates were combined with CVD aggregate data to identify statistically significant co-occurrences between PWE of UFPs and three health outcomes: disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years of life lived with disability (YLDs). The findings suggest consistent patterns between long-term exposures to UFPs and CVDs. Aligning with the current literature, we suggest that further research into possible effects on CVDs due to long-term UFPs exposure is needed. Coherent with the last EU directives, our findings highlight the relevance of monitoring UFPs as a public health priority even when <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mtext>PM</mtext>\u0000 <mn>2.5</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${text{PM}}_{2.5}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> mass-based standards are met. While our conclusions are limited to group level associations, our ecological analysis could serve as a preliminary step toward establishing consistent UFP exposure-response relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GH001636","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Childhood Leukemia Mortality Rates in Mexico Associated to Water Contamination in Areas of Oil and Gas Extraction","authors":"Madeleine Nicolas,&nbsp;Elizabeth Ortiz Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Jesús Andrés Barranco Pérez,&nbsp;Omar Amador-Muñoz,&nbsp;Jaqueline Calderón Hernández,&nbsp;Elena R. Álvarez-Buylla,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Martínez-García","doi":"10.1029/2026GH001998","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2026GH001998","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the leading cause of death in Mexican children, yet water-mediated environmental pathways remain largely unexplored as contributors to its spatial distribution. We analyzed ALL mortality records for individuals aged 0–19 years across all Mexican municipalities from 2003 to 2023, using publicly available national death statistics and population estimates. Age-specific mortality rates were calculated at the municipal level and aggregated to the state level to characterize broad geographic gradients. A discrete Poisson spatial scan statistic, implemented in SaTScan, identified 10 statistically significant mortality clusters, five with elevated risk and five with reduced risk, which were then compared against hydrogeological and industrial variables derived from global remote sensing and infrastructure databases. The national mortality rate averaged 1.64 per 100,000 children aged 0–19, with state-level rates ranging more than two-fold from 1.01 in Durango to 2.35 in Tabasco. High-mortality clusters are concentrated along the Gulf of Mexico coast and southeastern states; low-mortality zones lie predominantly in the arid west and northwest. High-mortality areas are systematically characterized by greater annual precipitation, lower aridity, permeable sedimentary geology, and higher forest cover—landscape conditions that collectively maximize infiltration and groundwater contamination risk. All five high-mortality clusters spatially overlap with oil and gas infrastructure, with three coinciding with zones of intensive extraction along the Gulf coast. These findings suggest that groundwater vulnerability and industrial contamination, rather than genetic predisposition, are primary spatial determinants of childhood ALL mortality in Mexico, pointing toward preventable, structurally driven disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of Long-Term Social Vulnerability After Tropical Cyclones in the United States","authors":"Lingke Jiang,&nbsp;Robbie M. Parks,&nbsp;Yoshira Ornelas Van Horne,&nbsp;Xiao Wu","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001727","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GH001727","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tropical cyclones pose a substantial threat to the health and welfare of communities across the United States. While existing research has focused primarily on the short-term impacts of tropical cyclones, typically within days or months after exposure, there remains a gap in understanding their long-term effects on the socioeconomic and demographic composition of communities–a crucial factor in measuring community resilience and recovery. In this study, we conducted a synthetic control analysis using data from all tropical cyclones that occurred in the United States during 2005–2018. We provide evidence that social vulnerability initially increased after tropical cyclones, but exposed regions recovered over time and became less socially vulnerable in the long term. For exposed regions, the social vulnerability index (SVI) increased by 2.4% (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.7%–4.1%) in the year after tropical cyclones, and persisted at elevated levels for at least 5 years. However, SVI decreased over time and, 12 years after exposure, fell even lower than expected in the absence of a tropical cyclone, decreasing to −1.0% (95% CI, −1.9%–0.0%). Our study suggests that this long-term trend may reflect post-cyclone gentrification, where vulnerable communities are displaced and replaced by more affluent, less vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148594247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Misperception of Extreme Weather Event Mortality Risk in the United States","authors":"Mitchell Manware,&nbsp;Lingzhi Chu,&nbsp;Ying Hu,&nbsp;Jennifer Marlon,&nbsp;Anthony Leiserowitz,&nbsp;Kai Chen","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001782","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GH001782","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Communicating the risks posed by extreme weather events remains a challenge for researchers and policy makers. This study evaluates the gap between public perceptions on climate risk and scientific estimates of mortality burden from climate-related extreme weather events. Results show each mortality risk perception gap follows a similar spatial pattern to the observed attributable mortality rate. The perception that “global warming is happening” was significantly associated with smaller risk perception gaps for all extreme weather events. Improving population-level understanding of climate change is critical to reducing health risks associated with extreme weather events and to motivate climate-oriented actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Patterns of Population Exposure With a Multiscale Framework Utilizing LOTOS-EUROS Chemical Transport Model, Mobility Surveys and Particulate Toxicity","authors":"Valeria Solórzano-Araque,&nbsp;Andrés Yarce Botero,&nbsp;Jhon Edinson Hinestroza-Ramirez,&nbsp;Fernando Fernandez-Restrepo,&nbsp;Sebastian Carmona Estrada,&nbsp;Pablo Alberto Osorio-Marulanda,&nbsp;Lisseth Cruz-Ruiz,&nbsp;Santiago Isaza-Cadavid,&nbsp;O. L. Quintero","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001621","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GH001621","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study proposes a high-resolution, multi-component framework to estimate human exposure to air pollution in tropical urban environments, addressing complex topography and limited historical mobility and exposure data. This framework is applied to the city of Medellín in the Aburrá Valley in Colombia. To assess population exposure to particulate matter, numerical simulations, mobility and toxicity data were integrated. The LOTOS-EUROS Chemical Transport Model, driven by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, was used to simulate air quality at a spatial resolution of 1 km <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>×</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${times} $</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> 1 km for the year 2019. Mobility dynamics were derived from the Origin-Destination Survey (ODS), comprising over 180,000 trips across 240 traffic analysis zones. The utilisation of this data set facilitated the estimation of time-weighted exposure levels for diverse demographic groups during weekdays. The morpho-chemical properties of the particulate matter samples were analyzed to determine the presence of metals and carbonaceous fractions due to significant health implications. The exposure model is a weighted model that integrates exposure time, <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mtext>PM</mtext>\u0000 <mn>2.5</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${text{PM}}_{2.5}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mtext>PM</mtext>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> ${text{PM}}_{10}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> concentration, and cytogenotoxic indicators. The application of cluster analysis to the available data, resulted in the identification of areas of elevated health risk, indicating that the central and southern zones, approximately 60% of the metropolitan population and main highway corridors, exhibited mean particulate matter exposure levels that exceeded 40 μg/m³ during peak hours, thus surpassing the WHO air quality guidelines. These zones demonstrated the highest levels of exposure, as indicated by cluster significance levels, suggesting more epidemiological studies and public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaster–Related Medical Geology Research: A Bibliometric Mapping of Geogenic Exposure Pathways and Earth–Health Integration (1980–2025)","authors":"Serdar Baler","doi":"10.1029/2026GH001865","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2026GH001865","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Medical geology (MG) examines the interactions between geological materials, environmental processes, and human health, with particular importance in disaster-prone regions, where rapid geological changes can abruptly intensify geogenic exposures and necessitate immediate public health responses. Geological events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and dust storms can mobilize hazardous geogenic materials, enhancing atmospheric dispersion and inhalation exposure. Although the relevance of disaster-driven geogenic hazards is increasingly recognized, quantitative evidence of the thematic transition from mineral-pathology to integrated exposure science remains limited. This study presents a bibliometric science-mapping analysis of disaster-related MG research using 64 publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (1980–2025). Using keyword co-occurrence networks, temporal trend analysis, and conceptual structure mapping, the field's intellectual organization, thematic development, and global collaboration patterns were examined. The results indicate that the literature is structured around three major thematic domains: (a) naturally occurring fibrous minerals and associated disease outcomes; (b) disaster-triggered exposure pathways; and (c) environmental particulates and population-level health impacts. While mineral-specific diseases such as mesothelioma remain central, publications from 2022 to 2025 show a clear shift toward exposure-oriented frameworks, with “exposure” emerging as the most frequent Keywords Plus term (<i>n</i> = 6). This transition is particularly evident in temporal overlay visualizations and multiple correspondence analysis conceptual maps. Overall, disaster-related MG research has evolved from a predominantly disease-centered perspective toward an integrated exposure science positioned at the interface of geosciences, atmospheric processes, and public health. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating geogenic exposure metrics into disaster risk reduction and environmental health governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148563101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Dengue Risk in Bangladesh: A GIS Based Approach","authors":"Nusrat Zahan Jarin,&nbsp;Abinash Bhattachan,&nbsp;Obaidur Rahman","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001707","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GH001707","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dengue, commonly known as breakbone fever, has been prevalent in Bangladesh since 2000. Monsoon conditions and warmer temperatures create suitable breeding environment for the vectors <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i>. Although dengue outbreaks peak during the post-monsoon months (September and October), 2023 showed an unusual shift, with cases peaking as early as June. The case fatality rate (0.54%) in 2023 was the highest in the past two decades. This study offers an exhaustive examination of the spatiotemporal dynamics of dengue incidence clusters and composite risk across Bangladesh using daily dengue case data from 2019 to 2024. Spatial autocorrelation analysis (Local Moran's <i>I</i>) revealed that the central and south coastal districts, especially Dhaka, Manikganj, and Barisal were the major dengue hotspots during the peak outbreak years (2019, 2023, and 2024). Jaccard Similarity Index (JSI) analysis further indicated strong seasonal and interannual reorganization of dengue hotspots, especially during the post-monsoon season, with increasing hotspot concentration in coastal districts after 2020. To assess hazard, vulnerability and risk, we applied a GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making model (MCDM) framework and compared both weighted (AHP-based) and unweighted approaches. The weighted AHP model was more accurate (AUC = 0.75) than the unweighted model (AUC = 0.55) in predicting dengue risk zones. A negative binomial mixed-effects regression showed that lagged temperature, precipitation and population density increased dengue incidence, while higher normalized difference built-up index was associated with lower incidence. These findings emphasize the need for integrated dengue control strategies targeting high-risk areas and equal healthcare access.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wildfire Smoke and Cardiorespiratory Emergency Visits in New Mexico 2022: Sensitivity to Exposure Estimates and Referent Periods","authors":"Olivia Sablan,&nbsp;Bonne Ford,&nbsp;Colin B. Hawkinson,&nbsp;Leiqiu Hu,&nbsp;Jihoon Jung,&nbsp;Chelsea Eastman Langer,&nbsp;Courtney Maichak,&nbsp;Kamal Jyoti Maji,&nbsp;Stephanie Moraga-McHaley,&nbsp;Armistead G. Russell,&nbsp;Christopher K. Uejio,&nbsp;Melissa VanSickle,&nbsp;Emily V. Fischer,&nbsp;Jeffrey R. Pierce,&nbsp;Sheryl Magzamen","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001492","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GH001492","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2022, New Mexico (NM) experienced a number of wildfires, including the state's largest, Calf Canyon/Hermit's Peak. This study aimed to evaluate how different exposure estimate methods and referent period selection impacted associations between wildfire smoke and health outcomes using a case-crossover study design. We investigated associations with exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) from wildfire smoke and cardiorespiratory-related emergency department (ED) visits in NM during 2022. Our study compared a range of exposure methods: (a) PM_2.5 from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulatory-grade monitors, (b) PM_2.5 from both the EPA regulatory-grade monitors and low-cost PurpleAir observations, (c) modeled 24-hr average wildfire smoke PM_2.5 from the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System (CMAQ), and (d) CMAQ daily 1-hr maximum wildfire smoke PM_2.5. The magnitude and statistical significance of health outcome associations varied substantially across exposure estimates and referent period selections. CMAQ-based exposure estimates produced odds ratios with wider confidence intervals (CIs), while the product that leveraged both regulatory and bias-corrected PurpleAir measurements improved the PM_2.5 measurement spatial coverage and yielded epidemiological estimates with narrower CIs. This highlights the importance of low-cost sensors in rural regions. Our findings emphasize the need to critically assess the inputs used in epidemiological studies for accurate and meaningful results, emphasizing the need for careful consideration of exposure assessment methods and study design when evaluating wildfire smoke health impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blazing a Trail for Fire Management and Smoke Health Collaboration: Takeaways From the 2024 Rocky Mountain Wildfire Smoke Symposium","authors":"Taylor Stewart,&nbsp;Savannah D’Evelyn,&nbsp;Jennifer Faiella,&nbsp;Fernando Sanchez,&nbsp;Kerri Mueller,&nbsp;Luke Montrose,&nbsp;Ethan S. Walker","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001668","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GH001668","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wildfire activity in the United States is increasing due to climate change, land management practices, and human ignitions, reversing decades of air quality progress. Wildfire is an essential process in fire-adapted ecosystems, but fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from wildfire smoke poses significant health risks both near the fire source and in communities far from fire-prone areas. Public health and forest management are often viewed as having conflicting goals—reducing smoke exposure versus restoring fire to ecosystems—but opportunities for collaboration exist. We analyzed an interdisciplinary panel discussion from the 2024 Rocky Mountain Wildfire Smoke Symposium (RMWSS) using thematic analysis and the RADaR technique to identify such opportunities. Four major themes emerged: (a) coordinated communication between stakeholders, (b) barriers and facilitators to bridge building across disciplines, (c) impacts of climate change and (d) priorities and perspectives across disciplines. Additionally, we synthesized the panel discussion and audience polling data into a figure that categorizes solutions by perceived investment, impact, and stakeholder responsibility. High impact objectives included advancing climate resilient community infrastructure, expanding resource sharing, and securing full-time equivalent (FTE) funding for smoke specialists and communication liaisons. Collaboration across disciplines, combined with long-term policy that reduces barriers for safe fire management while investing in clean air will be critical to addressing the wildfire crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13351303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148425544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resurgence of Malaria in Protected and Rural Areas After Successful Control Program in a Brazilian Amazon Municipality","authors":"E. B. Skinner,&nbsp;D. de Angeli Dutra,&nbsp;É. Pelegrino,&nbsp;O. Damasceno,&nbsp;S. Burza,&nbsp;E. A. Mordecai","doi":"10.1029/2025GH001754","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2025GH001754","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Malaria eradication requires reducing transmission in endemic areas and maintaining these reductions in areas where elimination has been achieved. In Altamira, a municipality in the Xingu Basin of the Brazilian Amazon, a malaria control program was implemented during the construction of the Belo Monte Dam which eliminated local malaria cases, but resurged in rural areas after these efforts ceased. To elucidate different drivers of malaria transmission in Altamira, before (2006–2012) and after (2017–2020) the construction of Belo Monte Dam and the localized malaria control program, we analyzed annual notified malaria cases alongside geospatial variables including forest edge, population size and travel time to urban centers. Due to the low incidence, malaria case data was clustered based on the geographic proximity of health centers. A total of 17,578 malaria cases were reported in Altamira between 2006 and 2020. Malaria cases exceeded 1,200 per year prior to dam construction, then dropped below 100 during construction, resurging to over 700 cases by 2020 predominantly in rural clusters. Using generalized additive models we found that malaria cases increased significantly with increases in forest edge habitats and local population size, both before and after dam construction, while neither distance to deforestation nor climatic variables explained incidence variation. This study emphasizes that interruptions to control efforts, even when localized, can rapidly reverse gains, and that understanding landscape epidemiology is critical for achieving and maintaining malaria elimination in Amazonian settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13347829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148425584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}