Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine最新文献_第3页

A Triplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Non-viral STDs in Both Dry and Wet Swabs, Offering a Rapid and Cost-Effective Diagnostic Tool. 一种同时检测干拭子和湿拭子非病毒性性传播疾病的三重PCR方法，提供了一种快速且经济有效的诊断工具。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-31 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.59249/CIEZ4650

Subash Chandra Sonkar, Daman Saluja, Pratima Mittal

{"title":"A Triplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Non-viral STDs in Both Dry and Wet Swabs, Offering a Rapid and Cost-Effective Diagnostic Tool.","authors":"Subash Chandra Sonkar, Daman Saluja, Pratima Mittal","doi":"10.59249/CIEZ4650","DOIUrl":"10.59249/CIEZ4650","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remain a major global public health challenge because their health consequences lead to severe complications, especially among sexually active populations. Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are three common non-viral STDs which are increasing worldwide, and co-infections are common.Methods: Designed and evaluated the performance of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in both dry and wet samples to detect three non-viral STDs, which were diagnosed based on syndromic case management (SCM) and uniplex PCR tests. We collected samples in duplicate (n=133), one as dry swab and the other swab was immediately put in transport medium and brought to the laboratory at ambient temperature within 4-5 hours. The total DNA was isolated from dry and wet swabs.Results: Out of 133 samples, six were positive for all three infections in both dry and wet swabs, while 127 were negative for all three. All clinical samples were then tested using uniplex PCR for each pathogen and also using triplex PCR for clinical evaluations.Conclusions: Multiplex PCR developed in-house is an effective test for simultaneous diagnosis of CT, NG, and TV and may be used for accurate and confirmed diagnosis especially in asymptomatic and suspected co-infection in low-income countries. Further evaluations of the clinical performance and the cost-effectiveness of this rapid diagnostic test on the management of multiple STI are underway.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12742589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145878781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring EGCG for Leishmaniasis: A Natural Strategy for Neglected Disease Intervention. 探索EGCG治疗利什曼病：被忽视疾病干预的自然策略。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-31 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.59249/GOWL3285

Khan Aejaz Ahmed, Usama Ahmad, Juber Akhtar, Anas Islam, Mohd Muazzam Khan

{"title":"Exploring EGCG for Leishmaniasis: A Natural Strategy for Neglected Disease Intervention.","authors":"Khan Aejaz Ahmed, Usama Ahmad, Juber Akhtar, Anas Islam, Mohd Muazzam Khan","doi":"10.59249/GOWL3285","DOIUrl":"10.59249/GOWL3285","url":null,"abstract":"Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) primarily affect populations in economically disadvantaged regions globally, yet they remain underfunded and understudied. Leishmaniasis, an infection caused by parasites and transmitted by vectors, originates from protozoa in the Leishmania family, and affects 700 000 to a million new cases yearly. Despite its significant health burden and potentially fatal consequences, research into new treatments remains minimal. Current treatments like pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, and miltefosine have considerable side effects, high costs, lengthy treatment periods, and face drug resistance. These limited therapeutic options emphasize the need for safer, more effective treatments accessible in resource-constrained settings. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a polyphenolic compound from green tea (Camellia sinensis), shows promise as an antileishmanial agent. It disrupts the parasite's redox balance through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibits growth, and enhances immune responses. However, poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism limit its clinical use; nanoformulations may improve its effectiveness. This review highlights the mechanism of action of EGCG against Leishmania parasites, examining its impact on parasite metabolism and cellular processes. It also explores various preclinical studies, therapeutic limitations and challenges, as well as advancements in drug delivery of EGCG for treating leishmaniasis.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"441-455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12742598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145878734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Larvicidal Activity of Citrus sinensis Essential Oil on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), the Main Vector of Arboviruses in Brazil. 柑桔精油对巴西虫媒病毒主要媒介埃及伊蚊的杀幼虫活性研究

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-12-31 eCollection Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.59249/EGIN9867

Ricardo Andrade Barata, Fernanda Batista-Santos

{"title":"Larvicidal Activity of Citrus sinensis Essential Oil on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), the Main Vector of Arboviruses in Brazil.","authors":"Ricardo Andrade Barata, Fernanda Batista-Santos","doi":"10.59249/EGIN9867","DOIUrl":"10.59249/EGIN9867","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In Brazil, the Aedes aegypti mosquito is considered the primary vector of arboviral diseases, such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya. Effective mosquito population control is crucial for reducing the transmission of these diseases. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) peel essential oil (EO) on A. aegypti larvae under laboratory conditions.Methods: Ten larvae, in duplicate, at L3 and L4 stages were exposed to different concentrations of the EO (0.2 mg mL-1, 0.5 mg mL-1, and 1 mg mL-1), and the survival rate was assessed at predetermined time intervals (1h, 2h, 4h, 24h, and 48h).Results: The results demonstrated that the EO of C. sinensis was toxic to mosquito larvae at all tested concentrations, with a decrease in survival rate observed as the EO concentration increased.Conclusions: The EO of C. sinensis showed promising potential as an alternative for larval control of A. aegypti. However, further studies on its bioavailability, stability, and formulation optimization are needed to confirm its viability and to develop sustainable delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 4","pages":"411-417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12742586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145878772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unqueering the Double Helix: Conversion Therapists, the "Gay Gene," and Culture Wars in the United States. 解开双螺旋：转换治疗师、“同性恋基因”和美国的文化战争。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-30 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/YADT3005

Chris Babits

{"title":"Unqueering the Double Helix: Conversion Therapists, the \"Gay Gene,\" and Culture Wars in the United States.","authors":"Chris Babits","doi":"10.59249/YADT3005","DOIUrl":"10.59249/YADT3005","url":null,"abstract":"In 1993, geneticist Dean Hamer and his colleagues published a groundbreaking study suggesting that a region on the X chromosome-Xq28-might be linked to male homosexuality. Widely covered in the press and championed by LGBTQ rights advocates, the study lent scientific weight to the argument that sexual orientation is biologically rooted rather than solely the product of psychosexual developmental failure. This posed a significant threat to the cultural authority of conversion therapists, who had long relied on psychoanalytic frameworks that pathologized same-sex desire as a \"curable\" condition. In response, conversion therapists launched a coordinated counteroffensive, rejecting the emerging biological evidence about homosexuality and doubling down on psychodynamic theories about same-sex desire developed in the mid-20th century. This article argues that the publication of Hamer's research drew conversion therapists into the heart of the United States' culture wars, where they forged interfaith political coalitions and constructed alternative knowledge-production networks to preserve the plausibility of sexual reorientation. Their opposition to genetic research was more than scientific skepticism; it was a strategic political effort to defend heteronormativity, enforce rigid gender roles, and delegitimize queer and trans identities. By tracing how conversion therapists selectively engaged with emerging scientific discourses around LGBTQ individuals being \"born that way,\" this article reveals how marginalized actors helped shape-and distort-the boundaries of scientific authority in service of a broader anti-queer agenda.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 3","pages":"259-271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shelling Out: Eugenic Afterlives in Egg Donation Advertising in Two Elite University Newspapers. 掏钱：两家精英大学报纸上卵子捐赠广告中的优生后遗症。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-30 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/ESFH7808

Cheryl Hagan

{"title":"Shelling Out: Eugenic Afterlives in Egg Donation Advertising in Two Elite University Newspapers.","authors":"Cheryl Hagan","doi":"10.59249/ESFH7808","DOIUrl":"10.59249/ESFH7808","url":null,"abstract":"Oocyte or egg donation has been part of the Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) landscape since the late 1980s. By the early 1990s, ART clinics, agencies, and family law offices began to place advertisements in college newspapers seeking egg donors to build egg banks and for particular couples. Couples themselves also began to seek out specific donors that matched criteria they were looking for. These ads grew from blanket calls for egg donors between particular ages to asking for intelligence defined by SAT scores, specific races, eye and hair colors, and more. Although scholars such as sociologist Rene Almeling and political scientist Erin Heidt-Forsythe have written about the eugenic assumptions at play in egg donations, this has mostly emerged from looking at clinics and agencies who broker eggs. Focusing instead on both clinical and individual advertising in elite university newspapers more easily reveals eugenic afterlives in how potential egg donation recipients talk about the genetic inheritability of intelligence and race. Considering that ads are placed in elite university newspapers, these egg recipients are targeting presumably intelligent students whose genetic material would contain supposedly superior DNA to pass on to potential offspring. Race is also assumed to be a stable biogenetic concept. These ads reveal how egg donation recipients are implicated within larger societal inequalities and power dynamics surrounding race, kinship, ability, and privilege.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 3","pages":"285-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utica State Hospital: Psychiatric Reform, Institutionalization, and Patient Justice in 19th Century America and Today. 尤蒂卡州立医院：19世纪美国和今天的精神病学改革、机构化和病人正义。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-30 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/BIAS7665

Yiran Vanessa Zhang

引用次数: 0

"A Better Way": The Evolution of Community-Based AIDS Health Services in Birmingham, Alabama, 1985-2000. “更好的办法”：1985-2000年阿拉巴马州伯明翰社区艾滋病保健服务的演变。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-30 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/AIDG2770

Kendall T Comish

{"title":"\"A Better Way\": The Evolution of Community-Based AIDS Health Services in Birmingham, Alabama, 1985-2000.","authors":"Kendall T Comish","doi":"10.59249/AIDG2770","DOIUrl":"10.59249/AIDG2770","url":null,"abstract":"In 1992, the AIDS Task Force of Alabama (AFTA) secured a $1.8 million federal grant from the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to open Agape House, Birmingham, Alabama's first community-maintained AIDS boarding house for adults. Although AIDS boarding houses existed all over the country throughout the 1980s and 1990s, they have received little attention from scholars. The goal of this project is to understand the rise of Agape House and resources that were wielded to make it possible. Beyond help from a federal institution, Agape House received considerable support from local religious organizations. This analysis of AIDS boarding houses offers a local look at how the AIDS epidemic was thwarted. Popular queer history often emphasizes the work of national organizations, like AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) to explain queer resistance to AIDS and responses to the lack of federal intervention. While important, the centrality of larger organizations to our understanding of AIDS resistance has obfuscated the work of local grassroots organizations. Ultimately, this project aims to answer the following, how did changes in knowledge surrounding AIDS impact the evolution of care? What motivated groups, specifically religious ones, to participate? And how did Agape House survive while similar houses closed?","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 3","pages":"369-378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crossroads of Identity: The Late Medieval Evolutions of a Hospital Community. 身份的十字路口：中世纪晚期医院社区的演变。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-30 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/LAQQ2601

Lucy C Barnhouse

{"title":"Crossroads of Identity: The Late Medieval Evolutions of a Hospital Community.","authors":"Lucy C Barnhouse","doi":"10.59249/LAQQ2601","DOIUrl":"10.59249/LAQQ2601","url":null,"abstract":"The community of Heilig Kreuz, outside Mainz, Germany, has long been something of a historiographical enigma. Its first internal records, dating to the mid-15th century, testify to the presence of a canonry \"at the church of the Blessed Virgin in the fields outside the walls of Mainz.\" In the scant scholarship on Heilig Kreuz, it has been characterized as replacing an earlier, informal community of lepers on the same site. In this paper I argue that, rather, the changing institutional form of the community was an attempt to guarantee continuity of care for the vulnerable. The codex containing the \"customs and oaths\" of the house testifies to a process of formalizing religious observance and affirming religious status that can be seen in other leper hospitals in the region throughout the later 15th century. The oaths for canons and clerks pledging \"service to the persons residing there,\" in a formula resembling that of many hospital rules concerning service of the sick, and the fact that the statutes were recorded \"to avoid perils\" that might otherwise befall the community, can be understood in the context of the efforts of the archbishops of Mainz to exercise more direct control over the city's hospitals.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 3","pages":"295-299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"In-Flu-Enza and Out-Flew Hair:" Post-Epidemic Health and the Importance of the History of Epidemics. “进流感和出流感的头发：”流行病后的健康和流行病历史的重要性。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-30 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/WZRE2458

Bethany L Johnson

{"title":"\"In-Flu-Enza and Out-Flew Hair:\" Post-Epidemic Health and the Importance of the History of Epidemics.","authors":"Bethany L Johnson","doi":"10.59249/WZRE2458","DOIUrl":"10.59249/WZRE2458","url":null,"abstract":"When COVID-19 survivors reported ongoing symptoms or new health concerns following their infections in 2020 and early 2021, many medical practitioners and health agencies questioned the connection between novel viruses and long-term health impacts. Medical historians studying epidemics understand the connection between viral infection and health complications emerging immediately or years or decades later. In this essay, I explore the similarities between the medical fallout of the 1918 influenza and COVID-19 pandemics. Despite the differences between the viruses, these novel strains produced similar medium- and long-term health difficulties, including cardiovascular dysfunction and crushing fatigue. As I demonstrate, a significant difference between these two pandemics is in the response by medical practitioners. Following influenza, practitioners expected new and worsening health issues and took their patients' complaints seriously, offering support through food delivery, convalescent care, specialist oversight, and in-home nursing. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, many practitioners characterized ongoing or new symptoms as anxiety. Patients led efforts to recognize Long COVID as an authentic medical condition, and today, physicians around the country refer their patients to Long COVID clinics. The value of medical history is apparent in this comparison-if practitioners understand how historical epidemics impacted various populations, they expect that in the epidemic aftermath or the period following an acute epidemic crisis, not all patients get well. Including the history of epidemics in public health education, continuing education programming, and even medical school curricula can resist epidemic erasure and empower medical practitioners to expect the unexpected.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 3","pages":"341-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Architecture of Neurology: Establishment of the Montreal Neurological Institute as a Transnational History. 神经学的架构：蒙特利尔神经学研究所的跨国历史的建立。

IF 3.9 3区工程技术

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-30 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.59249/OUMM7793

Uğurgül Tunç

{"title":"Architecture of Neurology: Establishment of the Montreal Neurological Institute as a Transnational History.","authors":"Uğurgül Tunç","doi":"10.59249/OUMM7793","DOIUrl":"10.59249/OUMM7793","url":null,"abstract":"The Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) is often framed as a triumph of North American medical innovation, an institution converging research, clinical care, and neurosurgery under the leadership of Wilder Penfield. Such narratives fail to account for Penfield's emotional labor and the networks of expertise that shaped the MNI. Using primary sources that reveal the transnational influences embedded in its design, this paper interrogates the foundation and evolution of the MNI particularly by looking at the early years of Penfield's career. It situates the MNI within the broader historiographies of medical space and scientific mobility drawing from Penfield's letters to illustrate the early influences that led to the establishment of the MNI. It proposes that history of emotions and history of mentalities can be effective methodologies to understand the diverse medical research communities of the early 20th century. Using his letters to his mother, Jean Jefferson Penfield, this paper interprets the emotional states of a young, self-doubting Penfield within a network of renowned neurologists of that period. In a wider context, through the case study of the MNI, this paper demonstrates that international collaboration and the physical mobility of researchers - as in the example of the American-born Penfield's global journey in search of knowledge and his path to becoming a naturalized citizen of Canada - are essential for the advancement of scientific research.","PeriodicalId":48617,"journal":{"name":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine","volume":"98 3","pages":"301-313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12466297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0