L. Morand-Laffargue, B. Creton, C. Halimi, D. Sabatier, C. Desmarchelier, P. Borel
{"title":"Black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) as a sustainable and concentrated source of bioavailable lutein for feed","authors":"L. Morand-Laffargue, B. Creton, C. Halimi, D. Sabatier, C. Desmarchelier, P. Borel","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230107","url":null,"abstract":"Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are increasingly used to recycle and convert food waste into feed. We attempted to assess whether they can bioaccumulate lutein, a xanthophyll used as a food coloring, and whether it is then sufficiently bioavailable for an economically relevant incorporation of BSFL into feed. Vegetables and larvae lutein concentrations were measured by HPLC. Lutein bioaccessibility was estimated by in vitro digestion and lutein absorption efficiency by Caco-2 cells. BSFL were at least as rich, and sometimes richer (), in lutein than the vegetables they were reared on. For example, the larvae reared on kale contained 160.2 ± 3.4 mg/kg vs 23.0 ± 3.5 mg/kg of lutein, on a fresh weight basis, for the kale substrate. For the same substrate, lutein bioaccessibility was not statistically different between BSFL and the substrate (respectively, 14.8 ± 1.2% and 16.2 ± 2.8%; ). Finally, by considering the lutein concentration in BSFL enriched in lutein and in lutein-rich substrates, as well as the bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption efficiency of lutein contained in these matrices, it was estimated that consumption of lutein-enriched larvae would lead to a theoretical amount of absorbed lutein about 2 to 13 times higher compared to that following the consumption of an equal quantity of lutein-rich vegetables. Thus, BSFL can be used as a sustainable and concentrated source of bioavailable lutein for feed and, indirectly, for food.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139299905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taxonomic inventory of the edible insects of India, a review of the current situation and future perspectives","authors":"A. Ganguly, J.M. Pino, K. Nonaka","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230115","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we present a taxonomic analysis of edible insects from India. Twelve orders of insects are reported with the follow number of families registered: Ephemeroptera (2), Odonata (6), Orthoptera (5), Mantodea (1), Blattodea (4), Isoptera (2), Hemiptera-Heteroptera (18), Coleoptera (14), Lepidoptera (11), Diptera (3), Hymenoptera (3) and Plecoptera (2), comprises a total of 277 genera and 473 species. In relation to the number of genera, the best represented orders are Coleoptera (82), Orthoptera (53) and Hemiptera-Heteroptera (52). The orders with the highest number of species are: Coleoptera (143), Orthoptera (89) Hemiptera-Heteroptera (79) and Hymenoptera (62). The current status also of this line of research is discussed, with special note on the importance of them as a renewable natural resource for the various Indian ethnic groups that consume these insects.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139307702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Renate Corinne Smallegange","authors":"A. van Huis","doi":"10.1163/23524588-230911ob","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-230911ob","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Zhou, S.J. Wu, X. Tan, Q. Sun, X.C. Li, Y.W. Dong, C. You, Y.H. Huang
{"title":"Growth performance and dynamic copper accumulation in tissues of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae under copper exposure","authors":"M. Zhou, S.J. Wu, X. Tan, Q. Sun, X.C. Li, Y.W. Dong, C. You, Y.H. Huang","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230020","url":null,"abstract":"To figure out the copper metabolism features in vivo and evaluate the potential risk of copper residue in tissues of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and their by-products, the effects of oral copper exposure of 0, 50, 500 and 1000 mg/kg (Control, Cu50, Cu500 and Cu1000) on growth performance and dynamic copper accumulation in the fat body, cuticle of BSFL and the rearing residue were investigated in a 12-days rearing trial. The results showed that, the body weight and length, and body protein content of BSFL were improved by exposure to 50 mg/kg copper, but reduced by exposure to 500 and 1000 mg/kg copper, as well as that of the pre-pupa rate. Under the copper exposure of 500 and 1000 mg/kg, the copper concentrations in the larval fat body were high at the early developmental stage, but sharply reduced to be 8.1 ± 0.3 mg/kg within 12 days with no significant differences among groups. Similarly, the copper concentrations in the cuticle also decreased rapidly to be 46.3 ± 2.9 and 91.3 ± 9.4 mg/kg in the Cu500 and Cu1000 groups within 12 days, but they were significantly higher than those of the control (8.1 ± 0.3 mg/kg) and Cu50 (10.1 ± 1.1 mg/kg) groups. The linear regression analysis between copper exposure doses and copper concentrations in the rearing residues indicated that the latter are dose- and time-dependent. Overall, the growth performance and body protein content of BSFL were improved by low copper exposure, but reduced by high copper exposure. The oral copper could be excluded from larval fat body and cuticle rapidly, and be largely accumulated in the rearing residues. Therefore, little risk of copper residue in the main tissues of post larvae or pre-pupae of black soldier fly (BSF), but higher risk of it in the rearing residues could be anticipated. Our results provide valuable information for safety assessment of copper residues in BSF products and by-products.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139314926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J.-S. Park, H. Yun, C.H. Park, D.W. Kim, H.J. Kim, Y.W. Kim, W.S. Shin, S. Kim
{"title":"Sesame cake diet enhances the nutritional value of Tenebrio molitor (mealworm)","authors":"J.-S. Park, H. Yun, C.H. Park, D.W. Kim, H.J. Kim, Y.W. Kim, W.S. Shin, S. Kim","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230071","url":null,"abstract":"Mealworms (MWs) are a potentially environment-friendly, nutrient-rich, alternative food source. MWs can be fed various food by-products, including sesame cakes, a by-product of sesame oil. We studied the impact of a sesame cake diet on the nutritional value of MWs, specifically to determine the possibility of the transfer of nutritional value through feed sources. MWs were fed diets containing wheat bran-based substrates with different percentages of sesame cake (0, 10, 30, and 50%). A correlation between the nutrient composition of MWs and concentration of sesame cakes in their diets was observed. In addition, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity increased by 53% and 29%, respectively, in MWs fed a 50% sesame cake diet compared with those in MWs not fed with sesame cakes. Furthermore, an increase in sesame cake concentration enhanced the biological activity of MWs fed with sesame cake, such as the inhibition of lipolysis and α-glucosidase; particularly in MWs fed with a 50% sesame cake diet, the efficacy of these processes increased by 1.2- and 1.3-fold, respectively, compared with those in MWs not fed a sesame cake diet. To assess these changes, the profiles of MW compounds were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, where MWs fed with 50% sesame cake diets and those not fed sesame cake diets were compared. Choline content in MWs fed sesame cakes was high. Our results indicate that a sesame cake diet enhances the nutritional and economic values of MWs, validating their use as an alternative food source.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of dietary Periplaneta americana water extract on growth, chemical composition, muscle antioxidant status, and meat quality of Nile tilapia","authors":"H.C. Yang, Y.C. Li, G.J. Wang, J. Xie, E.M. Yu","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230162","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of dietary Periplaneta americana water extract (PAWE) supplementation (0, 1, 2, and 4 g/kg) on the chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and meat quality in Nile tilapia. The results showed that the extract improved weight gaining rated of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Meanwhile, dietary PAWE decreased lactate content, glycolytic potential, centrifugal water loss, and cooking loss, and enhanced muscle pH, protein content, total sulfhydryl content and meat color in Nile tilapia muscle. Dietary PAWE also improved the total antioxidant capability with enhanced superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities and lowered contents of reactive oxygen species, and lipid and protein oxidation products (i.e. thiobarbituric acid reactive species and protein carbonylation). Moreover, dietary PAWE enhanced the contents of flavor amino acids, total amino acids, adenosine monophosphate, and 5′-inosine monophosphate with enhanced the taste indicators (umami, richness and sweetness). In addition, PAWE supplementation improved myofiber growth and muscle protein deposition likely by activating of the IGFs/PI3K/Akt/TOR/S6K1/4E-BP1 pathway, contributing to the enhanced growth performance of Nile tilapia. The optimal dietary PAWE requirement for maximum growth and muscle protein was approximately 3 g/kg. Together, PAWE is a promising natural food additive that enhances muscle quality and nutritional value of Nile tilapia.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J.C. Ribeiro, Ezequiel R. Coscueta, L. Cunha, M. Pintado
{"title":"Evaluation of the ultrafiltration method to obtain a high-value protein concentrate from the edible insect Tenebrio molitor","authors":"J.C. Ribeiro, Ezequiel R. Coscueta, L. Cunha, M. Pintado","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230120","url":null,"abstract":"The fractionation of edible insects is one of the major topics related to using insects as food. Developing adequate protein recovery methods is essential to guarantee acceptable incorporation of insect protein fractions into functional food products, which in turn is essential to the development of insect-based products with higher consumer acceptance. This research aimed to produce high-purity protein concentrates from Tenebrio molitor larvae with favourable techno-functional properties, through membrane ultrafiltration with a 50 kDa cut-off, while also comparing with protein concentrates obtained through isoelectric point precipitation (IP). The protein fractions were evaluated for extraction efficiency (protein content, yield, and recovery rate), protein profile (size exclusion chromatography), and techno-functional properties (colour, foaming, and emulsifying properties, and water/oil absorption capacities). The >50 kDa fraction had a protein content above 80% (although lower than the IP fraction), while the <50 kDa fraction only had a protein content of 44.2%. Despite its high protein content, the >50 kDa fraction only attained a protein recovery rate of 27.9%, comparable to the IP fraction recovery rate. The >50 kDa fraction had higher (lightness) and (yellowness) colour than the IP, defatted fraction and powder samples (dried and ground T. molitor). However, all the obtained protein fractions presented a higher Browning Index than the defatted fraction. Additionally, the protein fractions presented better techno-functional properties than the powder or defatted samples, with the >50 kDa fraction presenting better properties than commercial protein concentrates (whey or pea protein). The protein isolation method based on ultrafiltration led to a protein concentrate with high purity and acceptable techno-functional properties, presenting itself as an alternative to the more common method based on isoelectric point precipitation.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrasound and microwave-assisted extraction of silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) oil and its quality characterisation","authors":"A.R. Patil, P. Wadje, R. Meenatchi","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230011","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (USAE) and Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MWAE) methods on the quality parameters and yield of silkworm pupae oil. The selected key independent variables that impact the extraction process, such as power levels, liquid-solid (L/S) ratio, and time for the extraction of SPO (silkworm pupae oil), were optimised. The extracted silkworm pupa oil was further characterised for oil quality, thermal behaviour using DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter), colour values and fatty acid profile for its suitability for various food applications. USAE resulted in a maximum oil yield of 36.60 ± 0.20% at 400 W with an L/S ratio of 6 ml/g at 20 min pulsation time. The fatty acid profile of SPO through GC-MS revealed significant amounts of linoleic acid and linolenic acid (6.50% and 67.18%) in USAE, followed by MWAE (34.40 ± 0.20%). Further, the FTIR spectra revealed high-intensity bands ranging between 2300-3000 cm−1, associated with functional groups from long-chain alkyl groups and triglycerides. It was observed that SPO had Omega-3 and Omega-6 long chain fatty acids and triglycerides which are essential for human health. Antioxidant activity exhibited high free radical scavenging in USAE (27.46 ± 0.15%) followed by MWAE (26.63 ± 0.15%). The morphology of SEM images of USAE exhibits microstructural damage to cells resulting in the release of more oil. DSC thermograph displayed that crystallisation and melting curve temperatures for USAE and MWAE were lower than SXLE (soxhlet extraction) alone due to higher amounts of unsaturated fatty acids. SPO extracted using USAE exhibited higher oil yield with significant antioxidant capacity and good thermal properties for its application in food products.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Piña-Domínguez, E. Ruíz-May, D. Hernández-Rodriguez, R.C. Zepeda, G. Melgar-Lalanne
{"title":"Bioactivity of the edible part of Chicatana ant (Atta mexicana, Smith 1858) and its protein concentrate","authors":"I. Piña-Domínguez, E. Ruíz-May, D. Hernández-Rodriguez, R.C. Zepeda, G. Melgar-Lalanne","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230171","url":null,"abstract":"Chicatana is the reproductive ant (male and female) of Atta mexicana specie (Smith, 1958). The abdomen is separated from the whole animal and traditionally used as food and medicinal remedy in the Estate of Veracruz (Mexico). It is rich in proteins and chitin. The insect protein concentrates (PCO) may be a way to valorise the edible insects. This research aimed to analyse the antioxidant, hypoglycaemic and antimicrobial activity in their edible form and as a protein concentrate. The results showed a protein concentrate with 56.18 ± 14.20 g protein/100 g. The chitin content of the edible abdomen was 16.05 g/100 g of dry matter. The edible part of the ant and the protein concentrate resulted in high antioxidant activity and some hypoglycemic activity. However, no antimicrobial activity could be found in either sample. Thus, the abdomen of Chicatana ants consumed in Veracruz may be a functional protein-rich food with antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Frooninckx, J. De Smet, S. Van Miert, M. Van Der Borght
{"title":"The need for dedicated pilot plant infrastructure for insect rearing and processing: a case-study from Belgium","authors":"L. Frooninckx, J. De Smet, S. Van Miert, M. Van Der Borght","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230032","url":null,"abstract":"Insects have the potential to form the basis of a sustainable value chain that plays a key role in the transition to a biobased economy. Numerous companies recognize the potential of insects, but immediate application on an industrial scale is hampered by several obstacles such as regulatory uncertainties and the need for support to upscale their processes. Another challenge is that only limited information is available on industrial insect rearing, and the information that is freely available often comes from small-scale research. Translating the research findings of that small-scale research to industrial scale is often cumbersome. In Belgium, KU Leuven and Thomas More in collaboration with VITO started doing research on insect rearing and processing about a decade ago. They recognized the need to add expertise on pilot scale, aside from their research on laboratory scale, as an intermediate step towards industrial production. The realisation of the Insect Pilot Plant in Belgium has enabled their ambition to offer such solutions at pilot scale. Additional benefit of having this pilot facility is that increased reliability and flexibility that comes with it enables the standardisation of all experiments, lab-scale as well as pilot scale, further increasing the expertise of the research centres involved and their ability to transfer that expertise to the sector.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}