Crickets (Gryllus Bimaculatus) using food waste usefulness of self-selection feed design method through each growth stage

IF 4.7 3区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI:10.1163/23524588-20230077

D. Akiyama, T. Kaewplik, T. Fujisawa, T. Kurosu, Y. Sasaki

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Abstract

In this study, a self-selected feed design was conducted for Japanese food wastes, considering the macronutrients (protein, lipid, carbohydrate) and six feed options and three options for vegetable wastes, and performance was compared with commercial diet to determine the usefulness of the feed design method and the possibility of using food waste in Japan were examined by comparing the performance of the feed design method with commercial diet. Data on self-selection diet design for crickets at different growth stages were obtained to determine the differences in feed consumption rates and nutrient requirements among stages. The results showed that it is possible to achieve cricket weight and feed conversion efficiencies (0.5-0.8) comparable to those of commercial diets using food residues when macro-nutrients are considered, and abundant options are provided. On the other hand, the use of only vegetable wastes resulted in lower cricket weight and higher feed conversion efficiency (0.8-1.4). Based on feed consumption rates, bread bran, rice bran, and fish meal were found to be suitable feeds among Japanese food waste for production in all growth stages, while bean curd and sake less were found to be suitable for production in some growth stages. Data obtained from self-selections separated by growth stage revealed that the percentage of feed consumption varied greatly among growth stages, being about 50-68% in the late growth stage. Percentages of macronutrients and micronutrients were also found to vary by growth stage. Protein percentages were found to be higher in the second week after hatching. Lipids were highest in the first week and decreased thereafter. Crude fiber was lowest in the fourth week. Ash content did not change significantly at all stages. This research is the first attempt at self-selection of crickets in different growth stages, and the data obtained can contribute to feed design.

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蟋蟀（Gryllus Bimaculatus）各生长阶段利用食物垃圾的自选饲料设计方法的实用性

在这项研究中，针对日本的食物垃圾进行了自选饲料设计，考虑了宏量营养素（蛋白质、脂质、碳水化合物）和六种饲料选择以及蔬菜垃圾的三种选择，并与商品日粮进行了性能比较，以确定饲料设计方法的实用性，并通过比较饲料设计方法与商品日粮的性能，研究了在日本利用食物垃圾的可能性。获得了不同生长阶段蟋蟀的自选日粮设计数据，以确定不同阶段饲料消耗率和营养需求的差异。结果表明，如果考虑到宏观营养素，并提供丰富的选择，使用食物残渣可以使蟋蟀的体重和饲料转化效率（0.5-0.8）与商品日粮相当。另一方面，只使用蔬菜废料会导致蟋蟀体重降低，饲料转化效率提高（0.8-1.4）。根据饲料消耗率，发现面包糠、米糠和鱼粉是日本厨余中适合所有生长阶段生产的饲料，而腐乳和清酒则适合某些生长阶段的生产。按生长阶段分类的自选数据显示，不同生长阶段的饲料消耗百分比差异很大，生长后期约为 50-68%。宏量营养素和微量营养素的比例也因生长阶段而异。蛋白质的百分比在孵化后第二周较高。脂质在第一周最高，随后下降。粗纤维在第四周最低。灰分含量在各个阶段都没有明显变化。这项研究是对不同生长阶段的蟋蟀进行自我选择的首次尝试，所获得的数据有助于饲料设计。

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来源期刊

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Insect Science

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

17.60%

发文量

133

期刊介绍： The Journal of Insects as Food and Feed covers edible insects from harvesting in the wild through to industrial scale production. It publishes contributions to understanding the ecology and biology of edible insects and the factors that determine their abundance, the importance of food insects in people’s livelihoods, the value of ethno-entomological knowledge, and the role of technology transfer to assist people to utilise traditional knowledge to improve the value of insect foods in their lives. The journal aims to cover the whole chain of insect collecting or rearing to marketing edible insect products, including the development of sustainable technology, such as automation processes at affordable costs, detection, identification and mitigating of microbial contaminants, development of protocols for quality control, processing methodologies and how they affect digestibility and nutritional composition of insects, and the potential of insects to transform low value organic wastes into high protein products. At the end of the edible insect food or feed chain, marketing issues, consumer acceptance, regulation and legislation pose new research challenges. Food safety and legislation are intimately related. Consumer attitude is strongly dependent on the perceived safety. Microbial safety, toxicity due to chemical contaminants, and allergies are important issues in safety of insects as food and feed. Innovative contributions that address the multitude of aspects relevant for the utilisation of insects in increasing food and feed quality, safety and security are welcomed.