Utilisation of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) oil in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diet

IF 4.7 3区农林科学 Q1 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI:10.1163/23524588-20230088

G. Eom, J. Shin, K.J. Lee

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Abstract

Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and their derivatives are sustainable ingredients in aquaculture feeds. This study evaluated the effect of fish oil (FO) replacement with mealworm oil (MO) on growth performance, non-specific immune responses and disease resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus for Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). FO in a control diet (Con) was replaced with MO at levels of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% (designated as MO25, MO50, MO75 and MO100, respectively). A total of 480 shrimp (initial mean body weight, 0.884 ± 0.004 g) were randomly distributed into 20 acrylic tanks (240 L) in quadruplicates groups and fed the experimental diets for 58 days. Growth performance was significantly higher in all MO groups than in Con group. Shrimp fed MO50 and MO75 diets showed significantly improved feed utilisation efficiency than shrimp fed Con diet. Lipid metabolism related-gene expressions of fatty acid binding protein and triacylglycerol lipase in hepatopancreas were significantly downregulated by increment of MO in the diets. Digestibility of protein, lipid, energy and dry matter were not significantly affected by the dietary treatments, while digestibility of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly decreased by dietary MO supplementation. The levels of n-3 PUFA in muscle and hepatopancreas were significantly decreased with increasing MO levels in the diets. Cumulative survival of shrimp in a challenge test against V. parahaemolyticus was higher in all MO groups and significantly higher in MO25 group than in Con group. Non-specific immune responses were significantly enhanced in all MO groups than in Con group. Replacement of FO with MO in the diets significantly increased haemolymph cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Our findings suggest that MO could be utilised as a promising substitute for FO in the diets of L. vannamei and optimal FO replacement level would be 50% for growth and 25% for disease resistance against V. parahaemolyticus.

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太平洋南美白对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）饲料中黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor）油的利用率

黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitor）及其衍生物是水产养殖饲料中的可持续成分。本研究评估了用黄粉虫油（MO）替代鱼油（FO）对太平洋南美白对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）生长性能、非特异性免疫反应和抗副溶血性弧菌疾病能力的影响。用 MO 替代对照日粮（Con）中的 FO，添加量分别为 25%、50%、75% 和 100%（分别称为 MO25、MO50、MO75 和 MO100）。将 480 只对虾（初始平均体重为 0.884 ± 0.004 g）随机分配到 20 个丙烯酸缸（240 升）中，每组四只，喂食实验日粮 58 天。所有 MO 组的生长性能均明显高于 Con 组。投喂 MO50 和 MO75 日粮的对虾的饲料利用率明显高于投喂 Con 日粮的对虾。日粮中添加 MO 后，肝胰腺中脂肪酸结合蛋白和三酰甘油脂肪酶的脂质代谢相关基因表达明显下调。蛋白质、脂类、能量和干物质的消化率受日粮处理的影响不大，而多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的消化率则因日粮添加 MO 而明显下降。肌肉和肝胰腺中的 n-3 PUFA 含量随着日粮中 MO 含量的增加而明显降低。在针对副溶血性弧菌的挑战试验中，所有 MO 组虾的累积存活率都较高，MO25 组明显高于 Con 组。所有 MO 组的非特异性免疫反应均明显高于 Con 组。日粮中用 MO 替代 FO 能显著提高血淋巴胆固醇和甘油三酯水平。我们的研究结果表明，在凡纳滨鲤的日粮中，MO 是一种很有前景的 FO 替代品，最佳的 FO 替代水平为 50%，可促进生长，25% 可提高对副溶血性弧菌的抗病能力。

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来源期刊

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Insect Science

CiteScore

7.00

自引率

17.60%

发文量

133

期刊介绍： The Journal of Insects as Food and Feed covers edible insects from harvesting in the wild through to industrial scale production. It publishes contributions to understanding the ecology and biology of edible insects and the factors that determine their abundance, the importance of food insects in people’s livelihoods, the value of ethno-entomological knowledge, and the role of technology transfer to assist people to utilise traditional knowledge to improve the value of insect foods in their lives. The journal aims to cover the whole chain of insect collecting or rearing to marketing edible insect products, including the development of sustainable technology, such as automation processes at affordable costs, detection, identification and mitigating of microbial contaminants, development of protocols for quality control, processing methodologies and how they affect digestibility and nutritional composition of insects, and the potential of insects to transform low value organic wastes into high protein products. At the end of the edible insect food or feed chain, marketing issues, consumer acceptance, regulation and legislation pose new research challenges. Food safety and legislation are intimately related. Consumer attitude is strongly dependent on the perceived safety. Microbial safety, toxicity due to chemical contaminants, and allergies are important issues in safety of insects as food and feed. Innovative contributions that address the multitude of aspects relevant for the utilisation of insects in increasing food and feed quality, safety and security are welcomed.