Rhizosphere最新文献

{"title":"Endophytic bacteria in Halogeton glomeratus from mining areas are mainly Sphingomonas pseudosanguinis, with a Cyanobacteria moving from roots to leaves to avoid heavy metals","authors":"Xisheng Tai ,&nbsp;Ruiqi Yang ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Ang Li ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Jiajia Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the cold and arid mining areas of Northwest China, <em>Halogeton glomeratus</em> C. Meyer (Amaranthaceae) is a promising plant for the remediation of heavy metal pollution. In this study, samples correspond to a gradient of nickel and copper pollution, and this study aims to analyze the characteristics of endophytic bacteria in <em>H</em>. <em>glomeratus</em> under such pollution gradients. Samples of the plant <em>H</em>. <em>glomeratus</em> and their corresponding rhizosphere soil were collected from a smelting area, a mining area, and a control area within the Jinchang mine. In mining and smelting areas, Ni in <em>H. glomeratus</em> rhizosphere soils was 95 and 6 times, and Cu was 40 and 94 times higher than control area. Ni in <em>H. glomeratus</em> from these areas was 27 and 4 times, and Cu was 4.2 and 4.6 times greater than control area. The endophytic bacteria predominantly found in <em>H. glomeratus</em> from nickel-copper mining regions was <em>Sphingomonas pseudosanguinis</em>. Our findings might corroborate the notion that heavy metal stress in the soil can markedly facilitate the migration of an unclassified second most abundant species of Cyanobacteria, residing within the roots of <em>H. glomeratus</em>, to aerial tissues, where the stress from heavy metals was diminished. RDA indicated that the migration and enrichment of nickel and copper into the tissues of <em>H. glomeratus</em> in smelting and mining areas influenced changes in the community structure of endophytic bacteria. Under varying levels of nickel and copper stress, endophytic bacteria underwent alterations in their metabolic characteristics, aiding <em>H. glomeratus</em> in withstanding heavy metal stress through processes such as lipid, nucleotide, and amino acid metabolism, xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, protein folding, sorting, and degradation, as well as replication and repair. The identification of plant growth-promoting traits, including the ability to release phosphorus, produce IAA and ACC deaminase, and exhibit tolerance to nickel and copper, among culturable dominant strains, had shown that <em>Pseudomonas oryzihabitans</em> K2l-2-LB and <em>Pseudomonas putida</em> K2r-3-R2A possess significant potential for application. These strains could be effectively utilized as microbial inoculants to promote plant growth during the restoration of vegetation in nickel and copper-contaminated mine sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100993"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host response of maize to root infection of Macrophomina phaseolina varies depending on maize variety groups","authors":"Mehmet Aydoğdu ,&nbsp;İlker Kurbetli ,&nbsp;Sirel Canpolat ,&nbsp;Ahmet Öztürk","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em> is a soilborne fungus inducing yield losses up to 50% in maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.), but little is known about its pathogenicity on the root system of maize. This study aimed to examine host (maize) - pathogen (<em>M</em>. <em>phaseolina</em>) interaction by considering root infection of <em>M</em>. <em>phaseolina</em> and four agronomic characteristics (plant height, root dry weight, grain weight and biomass) of maize. In this respect, seven maize varieties that belong to different maize variety groups [dent corn (<em>Zea mays</em> var. <em>indentata</em>), sweet corn (<em>Zea mays</em> var. <em>saccharata</em>), popcorn (<em>Zea mays</em> var. <em>everta</em>) and flint corn (<em>Zea mays</em> var. <em>indurata</em>)] were used as host plants. The experiments were conducted using soil inoculation technique in a greenhouse in two consecutive years. As a result, soil inoculation of <em>M</em>. <em>phaseolina</em> caused distinctive rottings on primary, crown and lateral roots and lower stems of the inoculated plants. <em>M</em>. <em>phaseolina</em> caused reductions, 36.39, 47.06, 49.57 and 47.11%, in plant height, root dry weight, grain weight and biomass of the tested maize varieties, respectively. Mean reductions in all the examined agronomic characteristics of the maize varietes were ranked from the highest to the lowest one as follows: popcorn, sweet corn, flint corn and dent corn, respectively. Disease scores significantly (P &lt; 0.01) and positively correlated with the reductions in the examined agronomic characteristics. Based on the root infections, four reaction types (susceptible, moderately susceptible, resistant and moderately resistant) were detected among the maize variety groups. The results not only contribute to understanding of maize - <em>M</em>. <em>phaseolina</em> interaction but also reveal new knowledge for epidemiology of the pathogen in maize as well. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study classifying reactions of maize varieties that belong to the different variety groups (dent corn, sweet corn, popcorn and flint corn) to root infection of <em>M</em>. <em>phaseolina</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial wilt alters the microbial community characteristics of tobacco root and rhizosphere soil","authors":"Tao Yao ,&nbsp;Chongyang Wang ,&nbsp;Quan Ren ,&nbsp;Meng Liu ,&nbsp;Wenxiu Sun ,&nbsp;Yi Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The root-related microorganisms have good effects of stress resistance and disease resistance, and promote the healthy growth of plants. It is important to understand the characteristics of microbial communities in healthy and infected tobacco roots and rhizosphere soil for controlling tobacco bacterial wilt by using beneficial microorganisms in specific niches. In this study, the soil properties and microbial composition of the rhizosphere soil and roots of healthy and bacterial wilt-diseased tobacco plants were analyzed to evaluate their potential influence on plant health. Soil properties including total carbon and total nitrogen have show significant differences in bacterial wilt-infected tobacco. The microbial community diversity and composition are high related to the occurrence of bacterial wilt. Fungal, bacterial and actinobacterial community varied between two different health systems with the increase/decrease of beneficial microbiomes. Results of community functions of rhizosphere microbiomes have showed the differences in Metabolic pathways. This study clarified the impact of bacterial wilt caused by <em>Ralstonia solanacearum</em> on tobacco root and rhizosphere soil microbial communities, providing a theoretical basis for studying the relationship between rhizosphere-soil microorganisms-plant health, and offering a new perspective for utilizing beneficial microorganisms to defend against pathogen invasion in specific ecological niches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100995"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective role of Mortierella alpina-derived lipids in resisting root rot in Panax ginseng","authors":"Zhijie Qiu ,&nbsp;Zhaobei Wang ,&nbsp;Shuoye Wang ,&nbsp;Jingyi Fei ,&nbsp;Zhimiao Qu ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Min Zhao ,&nbsp;Hongyan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root rot caused by <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> is a major threat to the yield and quality of <em>Panax ginseng</em>. The use of antimicrobial compounds from antagonistic microorganisms is effective in controlling pathogens. Lipids from <em>Mortierella</em> can promote plant growth, but their role in disease resistance is unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the lipid components of <em>Mortierella alpina</em> and investigated the disease resistance properties and mechanisms of the total lipids and main component arachidonic acid (ARA). The results demonstrated that total lipids and arachidonic acid (ARA) directly inhibited the growth of <em>F. oxysporum</em>, <em>F. solani</em>, and <em>Aspergillus</em> sp., while promoting beneficial microorganisms such as <em>Pseudomonas geniculate</em>, <em>Bacillus velezensis</em>, and <em>Trichoderma velutinum</em>. These compounds also significantly induced the defense response of ginseng adventitious roots. Pot experiments revealed that total lipids and ARA significantly improved theresistance of ginseng to <em>F. oxysporum</em> root rot. Compared with <em>F. oxysporum</em> treatment alone, lipid addition increased the chlorophyll content, root length, fresh weight, and total saponin content. The increased expression of genes related to the jasmonic acid signaling pathway and relatively high nitrogen levels in the rhizosphere soil indicated increased defense mechanisms. Additionally, lipid addition increased the abundances of beneficial microorganisms such as <em>Lysobacter</em>, <em>Gemmatimonas</em>, <em>Pedobacter</em>, <em>Pseudolabrys</em>, and <em>Mortierella</em>, while decreasing <em>Fusarium</em> abundance. Overall, these findings demonstrate that <em>Mortierella</em>-derived lipids enhance ginseng resistance to root rot by directly inhibiting pathogens, modulating defense signaling pathways, and improving the rhizosphere microenvironment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100994"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucanase enzyme activity from rhizospheric Streptomyces spp. inhibit growth and damage the cell wall of Fusarium oxysporum","authors":"Dinda Rista Anis Mufida ,&nbsp;Ivan Permana Putra ,&nbsp;Abdjad Asih Nawangsih ,&nbsp;Ni Putu Ratna Ayu Krishanti ,&nbsp;Aris Tri Wahyudi","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100991","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Fusarium oxysporum</em>, a phytopathogenic fungus responsible for fusarium wilt in more than 120 plant species, is primarily managed using synthetic fungicides, which pose environmental hazards. Therefore, alternative biological control methods are urgently needed. Actinobacteria isolated from maize rhizosphere, which produce β-1.3-glucanase enzymes that degrade fungal cell wall glucans, offer promising potential as biocontrol agents. This study aimed to evaluate glucanase activity, identify genes of actinobacteria, and assess their antifungal activity against <em>F. oxysporum</em>. Actinobacteria demonstrating glucanase production, <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. ARJ 22, <em>Streptomyces tendae</em> ARJ 42, <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. ARJ 44, and <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. ARJ 81, were selected. <em>Streptomyces</em> isolates exhibited activity values ranging from 10.38 to 24.08 U/mg of protein. The presence of the <em>bgl</em>S gene, encoding endo-β-1.3-glucanase from glycoside hydrolase family 16, supports the production of glucanase. The amino acid sequence was constructed to 3D structural model. This model exhibited high similarity to endo-β-1.3-glucanase from <em>Nocardiopsis</em> sp. F96. <em>In vitro</em> assays demonstrated that all isolates inhibited hyphal growth of <em>F. oxysporum</em>. Direct inhibition assays showed an average inhibition of 26.18%, whereas the filtrate culture method showed 29.38% inhibition. Enzymes from <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. ARJ 44 was partially purified using acetone, resulting in a specific activity of 46.34 U/mg of protein and a purity increase of up to 1.92-fold. The purified enzyme inhibited the growth of <em>F. oxysporum</em> mycelia by 35.80%. This inhibition was confirmed by observing damage to <em>F. oxysporum</em> hyphae using scanning electron microscopy. The study concluded that the four <em>Streptomyces</em> sp. Strains producing β-1.3-glucanase enzymes have potential as biocontrol agents against <em>F. oxysporum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100991"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling root effects on soil detachment capacity using critical flow depth and unit energy of cross section in soils under Fraxinus excelsior L. species","authors":"Misagh Parhizkar ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Nasiri","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flow depth is an important hydraulic parameter for calculating other hydraulic parameters of overland flow. There is notable changes in hydraulic parameter when the roots of a plant develop in the topsoil. A power regression equation between soil detachment capacity (D_c) and unit energy of cross section (UEC) was established in soils under <em>Fraxinus excelsior</em> L. species based on the Froude number. For measuring D_c, samples collected from soils under the studied species and subjected to five slopes (from 13.9 to 33.9%) and five water discharges (from 0.39 to 0.77 L m⁻¹ s⁻¹) by a hydraulic flume. Compared with the soil with absence of root, the soil with presence of root had lower D_c. The results showed a strong power relationship between the unit energy of cross section and D_c, suggesting that soil detachment rate in rill erosion can be estimated using this hydraulic parameter (R² = 0.84). This finding is particularly relevant for hillslopes with slopes from 12% to 31%, where the proposed mathematical model could be applied to predict D_c. Overall, this investigation supports a broader use of native species (such as the european ash <em>Fraxinus excelsior</em> L.), as a useful eco-engineering conservation practice and an alternative technique instead of utilizing artificial and expensive conservation practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100990"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of pharmaceutical compounds in endophytic fungi from mangrove trees","authors":"Siriluck Iamtham ,&nbsp;Anyalak Wachirachaikarn ,&nbsp;Kathawut Sopalun ,&nbsp;Nongpanga Jarussophon","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangrove forest is a unique wetland ecosystem that is highly productive and provides an environment for a variety of microorganisms. Endophytic fungi derived from mangrove plants provide the plants with protection from adverse environmental conditions, while also allowing the fungi to produce valuable bioactive compounds. The present study sampled 11 mangrove trees and isolated, screened, and identified the potent endophytic fungi and their bioactive substances showing anti-pathogenic, anti-mutagenic and antioxidant activities, while the endophytes were investigated for their enzymatic potential. In total, 47 endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves (36) and stems (11) of the host plants and all isolates were tested for antagonistic activities against selected plant pathogens. Based on the results, isolates BgS-04 and BcL-05 had the highest anti-pathogenic activities against <em>Curvularia</em> sp., <em>Fusarium</em> sp., and <em>Colletotrichum</em> sp. Therefore, the ethyl acetate crude extracts from these two fungi were further investigated for their antioxidant and anti-mutagenic activities and their phenolic compound contents, based on phytochemical analysis. Based on the results, the crude extracts of BgS-04 and BcL-05 contained 5.24 and 4.8 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of total phenolic compounds, respectively, and had antioxidant activity (half maximal inhibitory concentration) levels of 7.4 and 4.26 mg/mL, respectively. The preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis of the fungal crude extracts identified tannins and coumarins. The anti-mutagenic activity levels of BgS-04 and BcL-05 against the mutagenic compounds, Trp-P-1 and DMBA, were determined using the Ames test, which revealed that the crude extracts of BgS-04 and BcL-05 had moderate-to-high antimutagenic potential against TA98 and TA100.</div><div>All 47 endophytic isolates were assessed for their potential role in producing extracellular enzyme; they were capable of producing protease (53%), pectinase (28%), amylase (26%) and cellulase (19%) but none of them produced lipase. Among the isolates, RmL-01 derived from the leaves of <em>Rhizophora mucronata</em> had the significantly highest amylase production. Maximum amylase production (141.2 U/mL) was observed at 30 °C, pH 7.0 and 120 h of incubation time. Molecular identification of the isolates BgS-04, BcL-05 and RmL-01 using nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences revealed that they were <em>Pestalotiopsis parva</em>, <em>Collectotrichum perseae</em>, and <em>Aspergillus oryzae</em>, respectively, with high bootstrap support. It was concluded that the distinct groups of mangrove endophytes were potential sources of novel and valuable bio-based compounds with impressive anti-plant pathogen, anti-mutagenic, and antioxidant activities and capable of producing multi-industrial enzyme cocktails that might be important and useful for biotechnological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100989"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil total phosphorus mediate the assembly processes of rhizosphere microbial communities of ficus species in a tropical rainforest","authors":"Yingying Wang ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Shangwen Xia ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Revealing the assembly processes of plant rhizosphere microbial communities and the underlying influencing factors is essential for understanding the biodiversity and function of forest ecosystem. However, it remains unclear how deterministic and stochastic processes shape community structure and their relative importance in phosphorus-limited tropical environments. Here, we investigated the diversity, composition, and assembly processes of rhizosphere microbial communities of <em>Ficus</em> species in the Xishuangbanna region of southwest China, using methods such as high-throughput sequencing, variance partitioning analysis and null model analysis. We found that the community assembly processes of bacteria and fungi were primarily dominated by deterministic processes, with the fungal group being more deterministic than the bacteria group. Soil total phosphorus (TP) was the primary determinant of the composition and assembly of the rhizosphere microbial community, explaining 12.58% and 21.35% of the compositional variation in bacterial and fungal communities, respectively, and accounting for 14% of the microbial community assembly, but has a minor impact on their alpha diversity. This study highlights the distinct environmental driving factors of community composition and community assembly. The exposed positive relationship between soil TP and microbial deterministic process has inspiration for link of microbial community functions to soil function and sustainable forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100986"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The overlooked salt: Impact of dark septate endophytes on alfalfa at varying sodium sulfate levels","authors":"Ying Ren ,&nbsp;Yinli Bi ,&nbsp;Jiapeng Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) is one sodium salt extensively found in saline soils; in certain regions, it is the dominant salt present. Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are competent in enhancing plants’ resistance to stressed environments. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of DSE in enhancing plant tolerance to Na₂SO₄. This study examined DSE growth and its impacts on alfalfa plants exposed to varying Na₂SO₄ concentrations (0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, and 0.45% (w/w)). Our findings revealed that DSE can thrive even in salt-stress environments. On the 8^th day of cultivation, their biomass reached the highest level under 0.45% salt concentration. Moreover, DSE successfully colonized alfalfa roots and significantly enhanced plant growth and development across the various salt gradients. Notably, DSE made the highest contribution 68% to the total biomass of alfalfa at 0.45% salt concentration. Meanwhile, DSE significantly decreased the presence of root’s Na⁺ across varying salt gradients. Additionally, DSE significantly increased catalase (CAT) activity at salt concentrations of 0.3% and 0.45%. Our study also revealed strong positive correlations of plant biomass with the root index, root’s K⁺ content, and K⁺/Na⁺ ratio, and strong negative correlations of plant biomass with root’s Na⁺ content and soil’s Na⁺ and SO₄²⁻ contents. Structural equation modeling (SEM) demonstrated that DSE indirectly enhanced plant’s shoot biomass under various salt stresses via increasing root length, decreasing root’s Na⁺ content, and raising CAT activity, while salt indirectly reduced plant’s shoot weight via reducing root length or increasing root’s Na⁺ content or exerted a direct negative effect on plant shoot biomass. Thus, DSE are instrumental in bolstering the salt tolerance of plants, which holds strategic importance for the management of saline-alkali soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100987"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic resistance to Fusarium wilt shapes rhizospheric beneficial microbiota in four banana cultivars","authors":"Cristina M. Troya ,&nbsp;Lucas W. Mendes ,&nbsp;Marileide M. Costa ,&nbsp;Everlon Cid Rigobelo ,&nbsp;Ludwig H. Pfenning ,&nbsp;Victor Hugo Buttros ,&nbsp;Joyce Dória","doi":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rhisph.2024.100988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the dynamics of bacterial communities in the bulk soil, rhizosphere, and endosphere of banana plants, focusing on variations among cultivars with differing levels of genetic resistance to <em>Fusarium</em> wilt. Four banana cultivars were examined: one resistant (P), one moderately susceptible (PT), and two susceptible (W and M). Using 16S rDNA sequencing, we analyzed the bacterial community structures in these habitats. Results showed significant differences in bacterial communities across the three habitats and among the cultivars, with the endosphere communities being the most distinct. The rhizosphere and bulk soil communities exhibited more similarities, likely due to the soil microbiome's influence on the rhizosphere. Resistant cultivars (PT and P) displayed unique bacterial communities, with notable taxa such as <em>Burkholderia</em>, <em>Leifsonia</em>, and <em>Marmoricola</em> in the rhizosphere, known for their antagonistic properties against <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em>. Although the most abundant taxa are not the only ones influencing disease suppression, the susceptible cultivars (W and M) were dominated by genera such as <em>Reyranella</em> and <em>Mucilaginibacter</em>, which are yet to be described as potential biocontrol agents against <em>Fusarium</em> wilt. The endosphere of resistant cultivars also featured beneficial genera like <em>Amycolatopsis</em> and <em>Achromobacter</em>, known for their roles in plant growth promotion and disease resistance. The findings underscore the importance of plant genotype and soil type in shaping the rhizosphere microbiome, with specific microbial taxa associated with resistance to <em>Fusarium</em>. These insights suggest a potential for developing targeted microbial-based strategies to enhance disease resistance and overall plant health. The study highlights key microbial players that could be leveraged for biological control and improved management of <em>Fusarium</em> wilt in banana cultivation. This research advances our understanding of plant-microbe interactions and their implications for sustainable agriculture, particularly in combating soilborne pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48589,"journal":{"name":"Rhizosphere","volume":"32 ","pages":"Article 100988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}