Agriculture-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Tray-Rotating Microwave Vacuum Drying of Scutellaria baicalensis Slices: Multivariate Links Between Bioactive Retention, Color, and Sensory Quality","authors":"Zewen Zhu, Guojun Ma, Xiaopeng Huang, Fangxin Wan, Xiaoping Yang, Pan Wang, Ying Liu, Changsheng Kang, Yuqing Zheng, Zepeng Zang","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15222347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222347","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the drying efficiency and quality of Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) for both medicinal and beverage purposes, this study examined the effects of temperature, vacuum degree, and rotation speed during rotary microwave vacuum drying. The study focused on drying kinetics, physicochemical properties, and sensory quality of the Scutellaria slices. Multivariate analyses, including hierarchical cluster and correlation network analyses, were used to explore the relationship between parameters and quality. Results showed that the method significantly reduced drying time and improved moisture migration. It also preserved active components like baicalin, wogonoside, total phenolics, and polysaccharides, with high antioxidant activity maintained. Temperature was the key factor. The best balance was achieved with 50 °C, −75 kPa, and 4.2 rad/s, resulting in high drying efficiency, a sensory acceptability score of 8.8, turbidity of 12.4 NTU, and strong antioxidant capacity. Cluster analysis distinguished microwave-vacuum-dried samples from those dried by traditional methods (natural air-drying and hot-air drying). Correlation network analysis revealed positive links between sensory acceptance, active components, and liquor clarity. This optimized parameter set is recommended for producing high-quality Scutellaria ingredients for consumers.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 22","pages":"2347-2347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/22/2347/pdf?version=1762869939","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 7-bp Insertion/Deletion Functional Variation in Fatty Acid Synthase Gene Is Associated with Abdominal Fat Accumulation","authors":"Meng Yuan, Yaqian Han, Xinyi Yin, Xin Liu, Bohan Cheng, Ning Wang, Hui Li, Zhiping Cao, Wenpeng Zhang, Shouzhi Wang","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15222318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15222318","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing abdominal fat (AF) in broilers is a key objective in broiler breeding, as excessive AF deposition has an unfavorable effect on reproductive and growth traits. Fatty acid synthase gene (FASN) encodes the fatty acid synthase, which promotes fatty acid synthesis and lipid synthesis. Our previous study identified a 7-bp InDel variant (g.4944396_4944402delGACTTCA, rs1060467633) in intron 42 of chicken FASN, demonstrating a marked association with chicken AF. To investigate the underlying mechanism of this association, we conducted dual-luciferase reporter assay, bioinformatics analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Luciferase reporter showed that the deletion allele had significantly higher activity than the insertion allele (p < 0.05), indicating its potential role in regulating gene expression. Bioinformatics analysis and EMSA indicated that the insertion allele created binding site for cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 (CREB1). Luciferase reporter confirmed that the insertion allele suppresses FASN expression through CREB1, with a stronger inhibitory effect than the deletion allele. In conclusion, rs1060467633, as a functional variant, regulates FASN expression and AF deposition by altering the binding to CREB1 in chickens.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 22","pages":"2318-2318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Modulation of Maize Silage Odor: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum vs. Lactiplantibacillus buchneri Drive Volatile Compound Change via Strain-Specific Fermentation","authors":"Shuyuan Xue, Jianfeng Wang, Jing Yang, Yunjie Li, Jian He, Jang H. Han, Hongyan Xu, Xun Zhu, Nasi Ai","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15202109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15202109","url":null,"abstract":"Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are critical indicators of the metabolic status of whole-plant maize silage (WPMS). However, the impact of inoculating various strains of fermentation agents on VOC changes has not been systematically explored. This study aimed to determine how inoculation with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lentilactobacillus buchneri modulates the VOC profile and odor of WPMS after 90 days. VOCs were extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Key VOCs were screened using the variable importance in projection (VIP) and substantiated by relative odor activity values (rOAV) and odor descriptions. A total of 82 compounds were identified, including 22 esters, 19 alcohols, 3 acids, 9 aldehydes, 2 ethers, 6 hydrocarbons, 4 ketones, 10 phenols, and 8 terpenoids. L. plantarum enhanced green/fruity odors while strain L. buchneri significantly reduced undesirable phenolic and aldehydic compounds. Six key VOCs influencing the odor of WPMS were selected: 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol and benzaldehyde, which contribute smoky, bacon, and bitter almond aromas, and (E)-3-hexen-1-ol, benzyl alcohol, (E, E)-2,4-heptadienal and methyl salicylate, which impart green, fruity, and nutty aromas. These findings highlight the effects and contributions of various strain additives on VOCs in WPMS, providing new theoretical insights for regulating the flavor profile of WPMS.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 20","pages":"2109-2109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corn-Domesticated Bacteria Synergy Removes Pyrene and Enhances Crop Biomass: A Sustainable Farmland Remediation Strategy","authors":"Lu Gao, Charles Obinwanne Okoye, Feiyue Lou, Bonaventure Chidi Ezenwanne, Yanfang Wu, Xunfeng Chen, Yongli Wang, Xia Li, Jianxiong Jiang","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15192083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15192083","url":null,"abstract":"High-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as pyrene, are persistent environmental pollutants that threaten soil health and agricultural productivity due to their resistance to degradation. This study evaluated the efficacy of domesticated bacteria isolated from contaminated farmland soil and activated sludge, used alone and in combination with corn (Zea mays L.), to remove pyrene from soil, enhance plant growth, improve tolerance, and ensure crop safety. Six bacterial strains were isolated: three from polluted farmland soil (WB1, WB2, and WF2) and three from activated sludge (WNB, WNC, and WH2). High-throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing profiled bacterial communities after 30 days of treatment. Analytical tools, including LEfSe, random forest, and ZiPi analyses, identified biomarkers and core bacteria associated with pyrene degradation, assessing their correlations with plant growth, tolerance, and pyrene accumulation in corn straw. Bacteria from activated sludge (WNB, WNC, and WH2) outperformed farmland soil-derived strains and the inoculant strain ETN19, with WH2 and WNC achieving 65.06% and 87.69% pyrene degradation by days 15 and 30, respectively. The corn–bacteria consortium achieved up to 97% degradation. Activated sewage sludge (ASS)-derived bacteria were more effective at degrading pyrene and enhancing microbial activity, while soil-derived bacteria better promoted plant growth and reduced pyrene accumulation in straw. Microbial communities, dominated by Proteobacteria, exhibited high species richness and resilience, contributing to xenobiotic degradation. The corn-domesticated bacteria consortia effectively degraded pyrene, promoted plant growth, and minimized pollutant accumulation in crops. This remediation technology offers a promising strategy for rapid and sustainable bioremediation of agricultural soils contaminated with organic compounds such as PAHs or other complex pollutants, while promoting the development of efficient bacterial communities that enhance crop growth.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 19","pages":"2083-2083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/19/2083/pdf?version=1759758776","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147886556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycorrhizal Regulation of Core ZmSWEET Genes Governs Sugar Accumulation in Maize","authors":"Guanghua He, Feng-Ling Zheng, Ying‐Ning Zou, Xiu-Bing Gao, Qiang‐Sheng Wu, Can Guo","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15161790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15161790","url":null,"abstract":"Mycorrhizal symbiosis relies on the host’s supply of carbohydrates, while sugar transport within plants is governed by the SWEET sugar transporter family. Although the symbiotic association between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and maize is critical for its growth and sugar regulation, different AMF species have varying impacts on the host. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of inoculating six different AMF species [Diversispora epigaea (De), Rhizophagus intraradices (Ri), Paraglomus occultum (Po), Entrophospora etunicata (Ee), Glomus heterosporum (Gh), and Funneliformis mosseae (Fm)] on plant growth, leaf photosynthetic capacity, glomalin-related soil protein content, leaf sugar content, and SWEET gene expression of maize under potted conditions for two months. AMF species colonize maize roots and showed significant species-specific variation, where Ri and Fm colonized treatment had the greatest rates (66~68%). All six fungi significantly increased biomass and stem diameter, with Ee treatment yielding the thickest stems, and enhanced leaf photosynthetic performance and glomalin-related soil protein fractions to some extent, with species-specific enhancements. All AMF species in particular significantly increased leaf sucrose; all except Ri treatment significantly increased fructose; while only Po and Fm treatments significantly increased glucose. AMF inoculations consistently upregulated the expression of ZmSWEET1b/3a/3b/4a/4b/14a and 16 genes, consistently downregulated the expression of ZmSWEET6b/11b/12a/13a/13b/13c and 17b genes, and induced treatment-specific regulation in the other gene expression. Root AMF colonization clustered with sugars and specific ZmSWEETs, with ZmSWEET4a/15b and 14b central to sucrose/glucose based on principal component analysis, indicating that these genes have specific regulatory effects in response to AMF treatments. In short, AMF inoculation reprogrammed ZmSWEET expression in a species-specific manner, with core ZmSWEET genes mediating sugar accumulation to support symbiosis.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 16","pages":"1790-1790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/16/1790/pdf?version=1755776834","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147878027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyploid Induction Enhances Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in Clausena lansium: Morphological and Metabolomic Insights","authors":"Yu Ding, Liangfang Wu, Hengxi Wei, Zhichun Zhang, Jietang Zhao, Guibing Hu, Yonghua Qin, Zhike Zhang, Zhike Zhang, Zhike Zhang","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15141566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15141566","url":null,"abstract":"Polyploidy in plants can enhance stress resistance and secondary metabolite production, offering potential benefits for Clausena lansium (L.) Skeel, a medicinally valuable species. However, systematic studies of polyploidy-induced morphological, anatomical, and metabolic changes in this species are lacking. This study aimed to induce and characterize polyploid C. lansium lines, assess ploidy-dependent variations, and evaluate their impact on bioactive metabolite accumulation. Three cultivars were hybridized, treated with colchicine, and bred, yielding 13 stable polyploid lines confirmed by flow cytometry and chromosome counting. The polyploids exhibited distinct traits, including larger pollen grains, altered leaf margins, increased leaflet numbers, enlarged guard cells with reduced stomatal density, and thicker leaf tissues. Metabolomic analysis revealed that tetraploids accumulated significantly higher levels of flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids compared to diploids, while triploids showed moderate increases. These findings demonstrate that polyploidization, particularly tetraploidy, enhances C. lansium’s medicinal potential by boosting pharmacologically active compounds. The study expands germplasm resources and supports the development of high-quality cultivars for pharmaceutical applications.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 14","pages":"1566-1566"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/14/1566/pdf?version=1753112230","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning (AutoML)-Driven Wheat Yield Prediction for European Varieties: Enhanced Accuracy Using Multispectral UAV Data","authors":"Krstan Kešelj, Zoran Stamenković, Marko Kostić, Vladimir Aćìn, Dragana Tekić, Tihomir Novaković, Mladen Ivanišević, Aleksandar Ivezić, Nenad Magazin","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15141534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15141534","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate and timely wheat yield prediction is valuable globally for enhancing agricultural planning, optimizing resource use, and supporting trade strategies. Study addresses the need for precision in yield estimation by applying machine-learning (ML) regression models to high-resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) multispectral (MS) and Red-Green-Blue (RGB) imagery. Research analyzes five European wheat cultivars across 400 experimental plots created by combining 20 nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizer treatments. Yield variations from 1.41 to 6.42 t/ha strengthen model robustness with diverse data. The ML approach is automated using PyCaret, which optimized and evaluated 25 regression models based on 65 vegetation indices and yield data, resulting in 66 feature variables across 400 observations. The dataset, split into training (70%) and testing sets (30%), was used to predict yields at three growth stages: 9 May, 20 May, and 6 June 2022. Key models achieved high accuracy, with the Support Vector Regression (SVR) model reaching R2 = 0.95 on 9 May and R2 = 0.91 on 6 June, and the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) Regressor attaining R2 = 0.94 on 20 May. The findings underscore the effectiveness of precisely measured MS indices and a rigorous experimental approach in achieving high-accuracy yield predictions. This study demonstrates how a precise experimental setup, large-scale field data, and AutoML can harness UAV and machine learning’s potential to enhance wheat yield predictions. The main limitations of this study lie in its focus on experimental fields under specific conditions; future research could explore adaptability to diverse environments and wheat varieties for broader applicability.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 14","pages":"1534-1534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/14/1534/pdf?version=1752665749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Analysis of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Optimization Strategies for “Yantai Fuji 3” Apple Orchards","authors":"Zhantian Zhang, Zhihan Zhang, Zhaobo Fan, Wenhua Leng, Tianjing Yang, Jie Yao, Hai‐Ning Chen, Baoyou Liu","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15141520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15141520","url":null,"abstract":"Based on an integrated analysis, this study summarized the current status of soil quality in Yantai apple orchards, developed a multivariate regulation model for key soil physicochemical properties, and proposed optimized fertilization strategies to improve soil quality in the region. The study analyzed the physicochemical properties of the topsoil (0–30 cm) in 19 representative apple orchards across Yantai, including indicators like pH, organic matter (OM), major nutrient ions, and salinity indicators, using standardized measurements and multivariate statistical methods, including descriptive statistics analysis, frequency distribution analysis, canonical correlation analysis, stepwise regression equation analysis, and regression fit model analysis. The results demonstrated that in apple orchards across the Yantai region, reductions in pH were significantly mitigated under the combined increased OM and exchangeable calcium (Ca). Exchangeable potassium (EK) rose in response to the joint elevation of OM and available nitrogen (AN), and AN was also positively influenced by EK, while OM also exhibited a promotive effect on Olsen phosphorus (OP). Furthermore, Ca increased with higher pH. AN and EK jointly contributed to the increases in electrical conductivity (EC) and chloride ions (Cl), while elevated exchangeable sodium (Na) and soluble salts (SS) were primarily driven by EK. Accordingly, enhancing organic and calcium source fertilizers is recommended to boost OM and Ca levels, reduce acidification, and maintain EC within optimal limits. By primarily reducing potassium’s application, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus source fertilizers, the supply of macronutrients can be optimized, and the accumulation of Na, Cl, and SS can be controlled. Collectively, the combined analysis of soil quality status and the multivariate regulation model clarified the optimized fertilization strategies, thereby establishing a solid theoretical and practical foundation for recognizing the necessity of soil testing and formula fertilization, the urgency of improving soil quality, and the scientific rationale for nutrient input management in Yantai apple orchards.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 14","pages":"1520-1520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/14/1520/pdf?version=1752501858","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147887053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution Characteristics of Cadmium in Soil Aggregates and Their Regulating Effects on Cd Bioavailability","authors":"Ying Chen, Ya Zhang, Hanqing Li, Shiqiang Wei","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15141514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15141514","url":null,"abstract":"Soil aggregates play critical roles in regulating the behavior of heavy metal in soils. To understand the distribution of cadmium (Cd) in aggregates of different soil types, as well as their roles in regulating the Cd bioavailability of bulk soils, four major arable soils, including acidic, neutral, and calcareous purple soils and calcareous yellow soil (APS, NPS, CPS, and CYS), were sampled from Chongqing, China, for aggregate separation and determination of the total Cd(T-Cd) distribution, fractionation, and extractability in various-sized aggregates. A pot experiment with ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was conducted to evaluate the Cd bioavailability in bulk soils as influenced by aggregates. The results show that the composition of soil aggregates varies a lot among soils: lower soil pH tends to increase the proportion of macroaggregates while decreasing that of smaller aggregates. The Cd distribution, HCl-extractability, and active fraction (AF, T-Cd/HCl-Cd) in aggregates are all soil type-dependent, with pH and particle size being the main determining factors; the distribution pattern of Cd concentrated in smaller aggregates is only found for CPS and CYS (pH > 7.5) upon exogenous Cd addition, though the finest aggregates (silt–clay, <0.053 mm) consistently exhibited the highest Cd enrichment for all tested soils. The Cd extractability and AF values in all aggregates show a sequence of APS > NPS > CPS > CYS, indicating the fundamental influence of soil pH on Cd availability. Higher AF values over bulk soils, either in silt–clay aggregates or in microaggregates (0.053–0.25 mm), whereas lower AF in macroaggregates (1–2 mm) are found for APS and NPS, which correspond to the relative portions of Ex-Cd and Fe/Mn oxide-bound Cd (Fe/Mn-Cd) in these aggregates. In contrast, less variation of AF values among aggregates is observed for CPS and CYS and for APS/NPS upon Cd addition. Pot experiments demonstrated strong positive correlations between ryegrass Cd uptake and HCl-Cd in silt–clay aggregates and T-Cd in microaggregates, while a negative correlation was observed with T-Cd in macroaggregates. These findings supply new insight into the mechanisms of aggregates in controlling Cd bioavailability in bulk soils and shed light on the development of new strategies for remediating Cd-polluted soils.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 14","pages":"1514-1514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/14/1514/pdf?version=1752474544","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-Titanium Dioxide Regulates the Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and Alleviates the Growth Inhibition Induced by Polylactic Acid Microplastics","authors":"Lisi Jiang, Wenyuan Li, Yuqi Zhang, Zirui Liu, Yangwendi Yang, Lixin Guo, Chang Ming Guo, Zirui Yu, Wei Fu","doi":"10.3390/agriculture15141478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15141478","url":null,"abstract":"Nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) can alleviate oxidative damage in plants subjected to abiotic stress, interfere with related gene expression, and change metabolite content. Polylactic acid (PLA) microplastics can inhibit plant growth, induce oxidative stress in plant cells, and alter the biophysical properties of rhizosphere soil. In this study, untargeted metabolomics (LC-MS) and RNA-seq sequencing were performed on radish root cells exposed to nano-TiO2 and PLA. The results showed that nano-TiO2 alleviated the growth inhibition of radish roots induced by PLA. Nano-TiO2 alleviated PLA-induced oxidative stress, and the activities of SOD and POD were decreased by 28.6% and 36.0%, respectively. A total of 1673 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 844 upregulated genes, and 829 downregulated genes) were detected by transcriptome analysis. Metabolomics analysis showed that 5041 differential metabolites were involved; they mainly include terpenoids, fatty acids, alkaloids, shikimic acid, and phenylpropionic acid. Among them, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis as well as flavone and flavonol biosynthesis were the key metabolic pathways. This study demonstrates that nano-TiO2 mitigates PLA phytotoxicity in radish via transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. These findings provide important references for enhancing crop resilience against pollutants and underscore the need for ecological risk assessment of co-existing novel pollutants in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"15 14","pages":"1478-1478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/14/1478/pdf?version=1752194278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147907430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}