Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science最新文献

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Electrically Evoked Torque at Rest is Strongly Related to Quadriceps Muscle Size in Individuals with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. 静息时电诱发扭矩与前交叉韧带重建患者股四头肌大小密切相关。
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2005602
Riann M Palmieri-Smith, Steven A Garcia, Kazandra M Rodriguez, Chandramouli Krishnan
{"title":"Electrically Evoked Torque at Rest is Strongly Related to Quadriceps Muscle Size in Individuals with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.","authors":"Riann M Palmieri-Smith,&nbsp;Steven A Garcia,&nbsp;Kazandra M Rodriguez,&nbsp;Chandramouli Krishnan","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2005602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2005602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrically evoked torque at rest (i.e., the torque produced from supramaximal stimul applied to a resting muscle) has been shown to be related to muscle size in healthy adults, but this relationship has not been evaluated in pathological populations where atrophy is present. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the electrically evoked torque at rest and vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (CSA) in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Eighteen individuals with ACL reconstruction participated. Quadriceps electrically evoked torque at rest was elicited bilaterally via sex-specific, standardized supramaximal triplet stimulations. Vastus lateralis CSA was measured at 50% of thigh length using ultrasound. Pearson's <i>r</i> and partial correlations were used to evaluate associations between outcomes. Evoked torque at rest was positively associated with vastus lateralis CSA in the ACL reconstructed limb (<i>r</i>=0.865, partial r=0.816, P<0.01), non-reconstructed limb (<i>r</i>=0.628, partial r=0.575, P<0.05), and side-to-side ratios (<i>r</i>=0.670, partial r=0.659, P<0.01). These results indicate that electrically evoked torque at rest may indirectly assess side-to-side differences in quadriceps muscle size after ACL reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 3","pages":"199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9439261/pdf/nihms-1766970.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10807846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Objectivity, Reliability, and Validity of the Basketball Throw Test as a Health-related Measure of Upper-Body Muscular Strength in a Sample of Algerian Primary School Children 篮球投掷测试作为阿尔及利亚小学生上半身肌肉力量健康相关指标的客观性、可靠性和有效性
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2021205
M. B. Belhaidas, Oumri Dahoune, N. Eather, M. A. Oukebdane
{"title":"Objectivity, Reliability, and Validity of the Basketball Throw Test as a Health-related Measure of Upper-Body Muscular Strength in a Sample of Algerian Primary School Children","authors":"M. B. Belhaidas, Oumri Dahoune, N. Eather, M. A. Oukebdane","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2021205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2021205","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigated the objectivity, reliability, and the validity of the Basketball Throw Test (BTT) as an upper-body muscular strength measure. Participants (33 boys and 32 girls; mean age = 8.75 ± 1.47) performed the BTT on 2 occasions (1-week apart), and the hand-grip test as criterion measure. The objectivity and reliability were estimated using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) and graphically examined according to the Bland-Altman approach. Pearson correlation coefficient and the known-differences method was employed to determine validity. The BTT demonstrated high objectivity ICC2,1 = 0.90 (95% CI, 0.84–0.94), reliability ICC2,1 = 0.91 (95% CI, 0.86–0.95) and validity (r = 0.77, p <.001). The Bland–Altman method graphically confirmed intraclass correlation data. The significant difference in the BTT scores between 6-year-old children (1.61 ± 0.23) and 10-year-old children (t = −12.64, p < .001) provided additional support of validity. The BTT test is a feasible measure of upper-body muscular strength in school-aged children.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41313518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reliability of EasyForce Dynamometer for Assessment of Maximal Knee and Hip Strength, and Comparison to Rigid Isometric Dynamometers with External Fixation EasyForce测力仪评估膝关节和髋关节最大力量的可靠性,并与外固定的刚性等距测力仪进行比较
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2019037
Ž. Kozinc, Darjan Smajla, Nebojša Trajković, N. Šarabon
{"title":"Reliability of EasyForce Dynamometer for Assessment of Maximal Knee and Hip Strength, and Comparison to Rigid Isometric Dynamometers with External Fixation","authors":"Ž. Kozinc, Darjan Smajla, Nebojša Trajković, N. Šarabon","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2019037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2019037","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess intra- and inter-visit reliability of a novel EasyForce dynamometer for assessment of maximal strength in knee extension and flexion, and hip abduction and adduction tasks. Young healthy participants (n = 50; 25 males, 25 females; age: 23.4 ± 2.1 years) were measured for maximal joint torque with EasyForce dynamometer and rigid isometric dynamometers with external fixation, in two-sessions (5–10 days apart). The intra-visit reliability was high (ICC) = 0.84–0.95 knee; 0.90–0.94 hip), with absolute reliability sometimes exceeding the acceptable threshold (CV = 6.9–10.6% knee; 7.8–11.8% hip). Inter-visit reliability was excellent for all tasks (ICC = 0.95–0.97 knee; 0.95–0.96 hip). Although the EasyForce values were different compared to rigid dynamometers, the correlations between the devices were high (r = 0.64–0.75 knee; 0.70–0.75 hip). In conclusion, the EasyForce dynamometer provides reliable means of assessing knee (extension and flexion) and hip (abduction and adduction) muscle strength.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"232 - 244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47725344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Comparison of Different Signal Processing Methodologies and Their Impact on the Range of Acceleration Amplitudes Experienced by Preschool-Aged Children 不同信号处理方法对学龄前儿童加速度振幅范围的影响
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2009836
Hannah J. Coyle-Asbil, David W. L. Ma, L. Vallis
{"title":"Comparison of Different Signal Processing Methodologies and Their Impact on the Range of Acceleration Amplitudes Experienced by Preschool-Aged Children","authors":"Hannah J. Coyle-Asbil, David W. L. Ma, L. Vallis","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2009836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2009836","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explored 1) the effect of applying an autocalibration algorithm on accelerometer data analyzed using different signal processing techniques and 2) how these techniques changed the signal composition. Using a dataset of preschoolers (n = 137; 4.31 ± 0.87 years; Actigraph accelerometers (100 Hz) on right hip 24 hours/7 days) the vector magnitude (VM) was calculated as a reference; highpass, bandpass and lowpass filters were applied and the “Euclidean Norm Minus One” (ENMO) was calculated. Amplitude probability distribution functions were created to compare the 1) uncalibrated versus calibrated data and, 2) amplitude distribution across the techniques. Results showed that the calibration correction significantly impacted ENMO, VM lowpass and VM data, but the impact on VM highpass and bandpass data was minimal. Comparing across the techniques, results showed the lowest outputs were derived according to ENMO, followed by the VM highpass/VM bandpass and the VM lowpass/VM which yielded very similar results.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"207 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42825519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design and Comparison of Criterion-referenced Standards for Grip Strength in U.S. Children and Adolescents 美国儿童和青少年握力参照标准的设计与比较
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-12-18 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2017292
K. Laurson, G. Welk, P. Saint-Maurice, J. Eisenmann
{"title":"Design and Comparison of Criterion-referenced Standards for Grip Strength in U.S. Children and Adolescents","authors":"K. Laurson, G. Welk, P. Saint-Maurice, J. Eisenmann","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2017292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2017292","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We designed grip strength standards for youth by back-extrapolating cutpoints based on weakness at age 65. Existing standards, based on insufficient bone mineral content (BMC), were also compared in a nationally representative sample. Altogether, 6837 participants (n = 2199 ≤ 18.9 years of age) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey had dominant hand, grip strength assessed. Lambda Mu Sigma regression was used to create percentiles of strength and identify thresholds linked with clinically relevant weakness (CRW) in older adults. Approximately 93% and 75% of young people met standards based on CRW and BMC, respectively. Non-Hispanic white and black youth were more likely to meet grip strength cutpoints. Underweight children were less likely (odds ratios = 0.20 to 0.26), while overweight/obese youth were more likely (1.38 to 2.71), to meet strength standards compared to normal weight. The standards can be used with, or in place of, normative standards when evaluating grip strength.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"289 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59702799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Vertical Jump Power Is Associated with Healthy Bone Outcomes in Youth: ROC Analyses and Diagnostic Performance 青少年垂直跳跃力与骨骼健康结果相关:ROC分析和诊断性能
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013230
K. Janz, K. Laurson, F. Baptista, M. Mahar, G. Welk
{"title":"Vertical Jump Power Is Associated with Healthy Bone Outcomes in Youth: ROC Analyses and Diagnostic Performance","authors":"K. Janz, K. Laurson, F. Baptista, M. Mahar, G. Welk","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013230","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using a sample of healthy youth (n = 466, 10 to 18 yr), we report the predictive utility of vertical jump power (VJ Power, W) for predicting bone strength. We measured VJ Power using mechanography and an indicator of bone strength, i.e., height-adjusted total bone mineral content less head (TBLH BMC, g), using DXA. Growth curve models were used to convert VJ Power to age- and sex-specific percentiles/Z-scores. Associations were examined using receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, i.e., area-under-the-curve (AUC), as well as sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) for Desirable, Marginal, and Low groups based on VJ Power percentiles. The AUC was 0.84 for TBLH BMC ≤ −2.0 Z-score from VJ Power percentiles. Se for Marginal and Low groups were 71.4% and 42.9%, respectively. Sp for Marginal and Low groups were 85.2% and 95.1%, respectively. The results suggest the utility of using VJ Power percentiles for assessing bone strength.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"315 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41800461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Altering Focus Of Attention Effects Isometric Muscular Endurance And Heart Rate During Fitness Testing 在体能测试中改变注意力焦点对肌肉耐力和心率的影响
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013229
Logan T. Markwell, R. Nolan, B. Brown, H. Makaruk, J. Porter
{"title":"Altering Focus Of Attention Effects Isometric Muscular Endurance And Heart Rate During Fitness Testing","authors":"Logan T. Markwell, R. Nolan, B. Brown, H. Makaruk, J. Porter","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013229","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Subtle instructional changes that direct attentional focus can lead to changes in performance, potentially hindering a fitness assessment. An external attentional focus has been found to improve motor performance, however less is known about instructional effects on performance and the physiological response during an isometric endurance test. To better understand how attentional focus effects endurance fitness tests, two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 showed that an external focus instruction (68.41 sec, SD = 34.20) led to significantly higher endurance performance compared to an internal instruction (60.22 sec, SD = 34.54). Experiment 2 revealed that heart rate during the internal condition (M = 117.51 bpm, SD = 14.19) was higher compared to the external (M = 114.17 bmp, SD = 13.19) and control (M = 115.40 bpm, SD = 16.85). Additionally, performance was greater during external instructions (M = 107.01 sec, SD = 46.35) compared to internal (M = 95.25 sec, SD = 38.19).","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"221 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46796903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Field Evaluation of Handgrip and Vertical Jump Assessments in Physical Education 体育教学中抓握和垂直跳跃评估的现场评估
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013231
Joey A. Lee, J. Velthoff, G. Welk
{"title":"Field Evaluation of Handgrip and Vertical Jump Assessments in Physical Education","authors":"Joey A. Lee, J. Velthoff, G. Welk","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2013231","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study examined the sensitivity to change of field assessments of handgrip strength and vertical jump following programmatic interventions in physical education settings. Using a naturalistic experimental design, classes of 6th grade students (N = 158) were randomized to receive either an 8-week musculoskeletal strength or plyometric power program in physical education. Two-way repeated measures (program*time) ANOVAs were used to examine pre-post changes in handgrip and vertical jump tests. Results of the two-way ANOVA examining changes in vertical jump scores revealed a statistically significant program*time interaction effect (p < .001) with larger gains in the plyometric power group. The parallel analysis on handgrip was not statistically significant, but percent changes in handgrip scores were larger in the musculoskeletal strength group. The results are consistent with the specificity principle and demonstrate that field-based musculoskeletal fitness assessments are sensitive to change if students receive appropriately designed musculoskeletal programming in physical education classes.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"352 - 360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43807866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Reliability and Validity of a Digital Goniometer for Measuring Knee Joint Range of Motion 数字膝关节角度计测量膝关节运动范围的可靠性和有效性
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2004150
V. Lind, M. Svensson, M. Harringe
{"title":"Reliability and Validity of a Digital Goniometer for Measuring Knee Joint Range of Motion","authors":"V. Lind, M. Svensson, M. Harringe","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2004150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2004150","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Goniometry is commonly used to evaluate joint range of motion (ROM). The most widespread method, a manual universal goniometer (UG), is considered time-consuming and difficult to handle. The digital goniometer EasyAngle (EA) was developed to improve and simplify the evaluation of ROM. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of EA measuring active and passive flexion and extension of the knee joint. Reliability was assessed in a test–retest model, while validity was tested by comparing measurements from EA and UG. Thirty-six knee angles (18 individuals) were measured in standardized order. EA showed almost perfect reliability measuring active/passive flexion (ICC 0.994/0.994) and extension (ICC 0.978/0.987). EA’s validity was very high in active/passive flexion (r = 0.969/r = 0.97) and moderate-to-high measuring active/passive extension (r = 0.751/r = 0.892). EA is a reliable, valid, and effective assessment tool for measuring knee angles. Further studies should verify these findings for other joints and movement directions.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"191 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46277309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Associations among Musculoskeletal Fitness Assessments and Health Outcomes: The Lisbon Study for the Development and Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Fitness Standards in Youth 肌肉骨骼健康评估与健康结果之间的关系:青少年肌肉骨骼健康标准制定和评估的里斯本研究
IF 2.1 4区 教育学
Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Pub Date : 2021-11-14 DOI: 10.1080/1091367X.2021.2000414
K. Janz, F. Baptista, Sicong Ren, Weimo Zhu, K. Laurson, M. Mahar, A. Pavlovic, G. Welk
{"title":"Associations among Musculoskeletal Fitness Assessments and Health Outcomes: The Lisbon Study for the Development and Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Fitness Standards in Youth","authors":"K. Janz, F. Baptista, Sicong Ren, Weimo Zhu, K. Laurson, M. Mahar, A. Pavlovic, G. Welk","doi":"10.1080/1091367X.2021.2000414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2021.2000414","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study summarized protocols in the Lisbon Study for the Development and Evaluation of Musculoskeletal Fitness Standards in Youth and assessed associations between fitness assessments and health outcomes. The sample was 529 children and adolescents (10 to 18 yr). The fitness assessments included handgrip, vertical jump, long jump, plank, and lower body power. The health outcomes were total body and hip bone mineral content, hip bone mineral density, and total body lean tissue mass. Correlation analyses examined associations unadjusted and adjusted for size and maturity. After adjustment, in females, vertical jump, long jump, and lower body power were associated with all health outcomes (r = 0.22 to 0.55, p < .05). In males, all fitness assessments were associated with all health outcomes (r = 0.17 to 0.64, p < .05). Musculoskeletal fitness assessments including non-invasive and easy-to-measure field assessments are associated with important muscle and bone health outcomes in youth.","PeriodicalId":48577,"journal":{"name":"Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science","volume":"29 6","pages":"297 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41303289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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