Lancet Planetary Health最新文献

{"title":"Residential tree canopy configuration and mortality in 6 million Swiss adults: a longitudinal study","authors":"Dengkai Chi PhD , Gabriele Manoli PhD , Brenda Lin PhD , Raf Aerts PhD , Prof Jun Yang PhD , Amy Hahs PhD , Daniel Richards PhD , Naika Meili PhD , Yue Zhu PhD , Yeshan Qiu MSc , Jing Wang MSc , Prof Paolo Burlando PhD , Prof Simone Fatichi PhD , Prof Puay Yok Tan PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00022-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00022-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Residential exposure to trees has been associated with reduced mortality risks. We hypothesise that in addition to tree canopy cover, tree canopy configuration also plays a role in exposure–mortality relationships. As there is limited evidence on this hypothesis, especially longitudinal evidence, we performed a nationwide study to investigate the residential tree canopy configuration–mortality associations in the Swiss population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this longitudinal study, the tree canopy cover and configuration metrics within 500 m of individuals’ residences were quantified using high-resolution tree canopy data (1 × 1 m) from 2010 to 2019. We developed single-exposure and multi-exposure time-varying Cox regression models to estimate the associations between the different exposure metrics and natural-cause and cause-specific mortality in Swiss adults (aged from 20 years to 90 years). Mortality and census data were taken from the Swiss National Cohort (SNC). We estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% CIs per IQR increase in the metrics adjusting for personal sociodemographic and contextual covariates. We also explored the effect modification by tree canopy cover, PM<sub>10</sub>, air temperature, urbanisation level, age, sex, and area-based local socioeconomic position.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Our analyses included 6 215 073 individuals from the SNC between 2010 and 2019. In the fully adjusted single-exposure models, we observed protective associations between natural-cause mortality risk and tree canopy cover (IQR 12·4%, HR 0·979 [95% CI 0·975–0·983]) and configuration metrics describing the aggregation (6·3%, 0·831 [0·823–0·840]), and connectedness (2·9%, 0·946 [0·938–0·953]); and detrimental associations with two metrics describing the fragmentation (211 patches per 100 ha, 1·073 [1·066–1·080]) and shape complexity (1·9, 1·094 [1·089–1·100]) of patches. The associations were generally preserved with other common causes of death. According to the multi-exposure models, the HR (95% CI) for the combination of one IQR decrease in aggregation and one IQR increase in fragmentation and shape complexity was 1·366 (1·343–1·390). Analyses on modification effects suggested a stronger association in people living in areas with a higher level of tree canopy cover, PM<sub>10</sub> concentration, air temperature, and urbanisation level.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Aggregated, connected, and less fragmented forested greenspaces might offer stronger health benefits than isolated, fragmented ones, but are difficult to implement in cities. Our study provided valuable insights into optimising forested greenspaces and highlighted future directions for the planning and management of urban forests towards healthy and green cities.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore under its Campus for Research Excellence","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages e186-e195"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature-based solutions to address climate change and antimicrobial resistance","authors":"Sonia Lewycka , Tea Skrinjaric , Gloria Rukomeza , Hai H T Ngo , Pablo Imbach","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00052-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00052-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 3","pages":"Page e173"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planetary Health Research Digest","authors":"Cahal McQuillan","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00057-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00057-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 3","pages":"Page e172"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there more cold deaths than heat deaths?","authors":"Barrak Alahmad , Aurelio Tobias , Pierre Masselot , Antonio Gasparrini","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00054-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00054-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages e170-e171"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greenhouse gas impact from medical emissions of halogenated anaesthetic agents: a sales-based estimate","authors":"Adrien Talbot MD ,&nbsp;Hans Christian Holländer MBA ,&nbsp;Prof Peter Bentzer MD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00027-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00027-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Halogenated anaesthetic agents are potent greenhouse gases, but little is known about the trajectory of their use and their greenhouse gas impact on a global level. The primary aim of this study was to estimate the global greenhouse gas impact of halogenated anaesthetic agents over the preceding 10 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We obtained global medical sales data for sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and methoxyflurane from the IQVIA MIDAS database between 2014 and 2023. We calculated their annual greenhouse gas impact, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents (CO₂e), using global warming potential factors for a 100-year period. The effect of using only sevoflurane, the clinically relevant alternative with the lowest impact, was estimated by calculating the volume of sevoflurane that was needed to replace the other agents for a standard anaesthesia using a simulation software (Gas Man).</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The 91 countries in the dataset represented 97·8%, 90·5%, and 66·2% of the population in high-income, upper-middle-income, and low-income or lower-middle-income countries, respectively, and covered 80·0% of the global population in 2023. The greenhouse gas impact of halogenated anaesthetic agents decreased by 27% from 2754 kilotons of CO₂e (ktonCO₂e) in 2014 to 2005 ktonCO₂e in 2023. During the study period, the greenhouse gas impact from desflurane in high-income countries decreased by 52% from 2180 to 1053 ktonCO₂e, increased in upper-middle-income countries by 151% from 125 to 313 ktonCO₂e, and increased in low-income and lower-middle-income countries by 2281% from 2 to 42 ktonCO₂e. By replacing desflurane, isoflurane, and halothane with sevoflurane, the global impact from halogenated anaesthetic agents in 2023 could theoretically have been decreased by 73%.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>The global greenhouse gas impact from halogenated anaesthetic agents is falling due to lower use of desflurane in high-income countries. Efforts to reverse the increased use of desflurane in middle-income countries are needed. Replacing desflurane and isoflurane with sevoflurane constitutes an opportunity to markedly reduce the greenhouse gas impact from halogenated anaesthetic agents.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>The Thelma Zoega Foundation, The Anna and Edwin Berger Foundation, Region Skåne, and a Swedish Government grant for clinical research within the Swedish National Health Service (ALF).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages e227-e235"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The freedom to misinform","authors":"The Lancet Planetary Health","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00058-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00058-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 3","pages":"Page e169"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The public health co-benefits of strategies consistent with net-zero emissions: a systematic review","authors":"Léo Moutet PharmD ,&nbsp;Paquito Bernard PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Rosemary Green PhD ,&nbsp;James Milner PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Andy Haines FMedSci ,&nbsp;Rémy Slama PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Laura Temime PhD ,&nbsp;Kévin Jean PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00330-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00330-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Moving towards net-zero emission societies is projected to provide human health co-benefits. However, the magnitude of these co-benefits is poorly documented and might be context specific. Synthesising the evidence on these co-benefits could enhance the engagement of decision makers and populations in climate mitigation actions. We performed database searches of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published between database inception and Jan 1, 2024, identifying 3976 papers. Of these, 58 quantitative studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. These 58 papers explored 125 net-zero emission scenarios and considered various pathways by which climate policies can affect human health. Pathways addressing air quality, physical activity, and dietary changes found substantial health co-benefits, with a median mortality reduction of 1·5%. National or sub-national studies showed that net-zero policies would yield substantial local air quality benefits, independently of the actions taken in neighbouring countries. However, these co-benefits varied with explored emission sector, decarbonisation levers, modelling approach, and location. Studies that included a cost–benefit analysis estimated that monetised benefits outweighed the costs of implementing climate policies. This systematic review highlights the need for a standardised framework to assess and compare health impacts of climate mitigation actions across sectors and confirms that achieving net-zero goals supports far-reaching public health policies.</div></div><div><h3>Translation</h3><div>For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages e145-e156"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The imperative for actions to protect and promote human health within Earth-system boundaries","authors":"Andy Haines ,&nbsp;Jemilah Mahmood","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00023-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00023-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages e80-e82"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and patient safety outcomes of a health-system Green Anesthesia Initiative (GAIA): a retrospective observational cohort study","authors":"Douglas A Colquhoun MB ChB ,&nbsp;David Hovord MB BChir ,&nbsp;Robyn Rachel MHSA ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan MS ,&nbsp;Graciela B Mentz PhD ,&nbsp;Prabhat Koppera MD ,&nbsp;Timur Z Dubovoy MD ,&nbsp;Prof Paul Picton MB ChB ,&nbsp;Prof George A Mashour MD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00331-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00331-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inhaled anaesthetics are greenhouse gases. However, changes in the delivery of inhaled anaesthetics can mitigate environmental impact. We hypothesised that system-wide changes to the delivery of anaesthesia care would reduce environmental harm without compromising patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We launched the Green Anesthesia Initiative (GAIA) in March, 2022, with the aims of reducing the use of nitrous oxide, using less environmentally harmful inhaled fluorinated ethers, and increasing intravenous anaesthetic use. In this retrospective cohort study, we used electronic health record data from general anaesthetics performed on all patients older than 1 year between March 1, 2021, and Feb 28, 2023, at a single US academic medical centre across multiple sites, collecting data from before and after the introduction of GAIA. Patients with missing or invalid data recorded by the anaesthesia machine, patients given general anaesthetics for electroconvulsive therapy, and patients who met American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification 6 were excluded. Using multivariable modelling, we compared estimated CO₂, equivalents and, secondarily, anaesthetic dose, postoperative nausea and vomiting, pain scores on a 0–10 scale, and reports of intraoperative awareness with explicit recall.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>We recorded 45 692 patients pre-intervention (23 193 [50·8%] female, 22 494 [49·2%] male, five [&lt;0·1%] unknown) and 47 199 post-intervention (23 981 [50·8%] female, 23 209 [49·2%] male, nine [&lt;0·1%] unknown). After the implementation of GAIA, CO₂, equivalents were reduced by 14·38 kg per patient (95% CI –14·68 to –14·07; p&lt;0·0001). There was no clinically meaningful difference in median anaesthetic delivered (minimum alveolar concentration –0·02 [95% CI –0·02 to –0·01]; p&lt;0·0001) nor pain scores (–0·34 [–0·39 to –0·29]; p&lt;0·0001). Postoperative nausea and vomiting was unchanged (odds ratio 0·98 [95% CI 0·94–1·02]; p=0·26). A small number of definite intraoperative awareness events were reported in both periods (one pre-intervention and two post-intervention).</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>A health-system wide intervention reduces greenhouse gas emissions attributable to anaesthesia care without detriment to patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>University of Michigan Medical School and National Institutes of Health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages e124-e133"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of air pollution on mortality and hospital readmission among Medicare beneficiaries with Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias: a national retrospective cohort study in the USA","authors":"Shuxin Dong SM ,&nbsp;Danielle Braun PhD ,&nbsp;Xiao Wu PhD ,&nbsp;Maayan Yitshak-Sade PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Deborah Blacker PhD ,&nbsp;Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Joel Schwartz PhD ,&nbsp;Daniel Mork PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Francesca Dominici PhD ,&nbsp;Antonella Zanobetti PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00001-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(25)00001-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (AD/ADRD) are prevalent neurodegenerative disorders, posing a critical worldwide public health challenge. Ambient air pollution has been identified as a potential risk factor for AD progression based on toxicological and epidemiological studies. We aimed to evaluate the impacts of air pollution—including fine particulate matter (PM_2·5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), summer ozone (O₃), and oxidant—on readmission or death among Medicare enrollees previously hospitalised with an AD/ADRD diagnosis code.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We constructed a population-based nationwide retrospective cohort including all Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries (aged ≥65 years) in the contiguous USA (2000–16) hospitalised with AD/ADRD, and followed them up from the year after their first hospitalisation until (1) year of death (mortality cohort) and (2) year of second hospitalisation for any cause (readmission cohort). We calculated annual average PM_2·5, NO₂, summer O₃, and oxidant concentrations for each individual at their residential ZIP code in each year after their first hospitalisation with AD/ADRD. We applied Cox proportional hazard models for the mortality and readmission cohorts stratifying on individual risk factors and adjusting for socioeconomic status, seasonal temperatures, and relative humidity.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Our cohort consisted of 5 544 118 individuals, of whom 4 543 759 (82·0%) died and 3 880 894 (70·0%) were readmitted to the hospital during the study period. The average follow-up times were 3·34 years (SD 2·60) for the mortality cohort and 1·98 years (SD 1·65) for the readmission cohort. In both the mortality and readmission cohorts we found significant associations with each pollutant. For an IQR increase in NO₂, we found a hazard ratio (HR) for mortality of 1·012 (95% CI 1·009–1·015) and an HR for readmission of 1·110 (1·104–1·117). In the readmission cohort, we found an HR of 1·084 (1·079–1·089) for an IQR increase (3·87 μg/m³) in PM_2·5. The results slightly decreased in multi-pollutant models. The results of effect modification for mortality and readmission varied by pollutant, but higher risks were found among Black males and among those eligible for Medicaid in general.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>We provide new evidence that among a susceptible population with previous AD/ADRD-related hospitalisations, annual air pollution exposure since first hospitalisation is associated with risk of readmission and death.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>National Institute on Aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages e114-e123"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}