Аграрный научный журнал最新文献

{"title":"The effect of irrigation with water after spark discharge treatment on the growth and development of radish","authors":"Alexander Anatolievich Belov","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp21-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp21-25","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific hypothesis is that water after treatment with spark discharge plasma undergoes activation of its chemical composition and becomes a regenerative resource of environmentally friendly irrigation water and a source of nutrients for vegetables during irrigation. An experiment was carried out on growing radishes in three beds, which were irrigated with untreated, treated tap water and treated atmospheric wastewater. Water was treated with the help of an electro-hydraulic installation at a voltage of 20 kV for 15 min. A positive effect of irrigation with tap and atmospheric waste water after treatment with spark discharges on the growth and development of plants was revealed using the example of radish, which is realized in an increase in the mass of stems and root crops of cultivated varieties. An increase in the average mass of radish from 6 to 18% was determined, depending on the variety and type of water treated with spark discharges during irrigation in comparison with irrigation with untreated water.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"48 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic characteristics of the herd of KP \"Rybkovskoe\" by alleles of the EAB-locus of blood groups","authors":"Mikhail Andreevich Ermakov, Valentina Ivanovna Dmitrieva, Dmitry Nikolaevich Koltsov","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp100-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp100-107","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the genetic structure of the herd to the marker alleles of the EAB locus - blood groups was according. The EAB-allele G2Y2E/1Q/according to the results of the study with a high frequency of 11.9 – 15.7%, in the herd, whereas its frequency is 18% for the breed was found. In the period 2011-2015 sixteen main alleles of the EAB-locus of blood groups with a total frequency of 0.802 in the herd were found. In 2016-2020, the main EAB-alleles were 12 and the frequency of their occurrence was equal 0,752. The number of four main alleles of the Red-and-White Holstein breed Y1A/1, O2A/2J/2K/O/, I1Y2E/3G/G//, B1O1 decreased from 0,213 to 0,102. With the highest frequency, totaling 40.6% marker EAB - alleles G2T2Y2A/1B/D/G/I/Q/Y/B// (0.052), E/3G/G// (0,070), B1I1Q (0,053), O1I/Q/ (0,080), B2G2O1Y2D/E/2G// (0,056), b (0.095) in KP \"Rybkovskoe\" are found. In the breed, these alleles occur with a frequency of 29.8%. There are no significant differences between the breed and the herd in the frequency of EAB alleles. The difference did not exceed 2.4 – 2.7%. From a genetic standpoint, the animals of the herd and the breed are close. The index of genetic similarity between them is 0.95. The level of homozygosity was 6.2% in the herd in the period 2016-2020, but its increase over the past five years was 1,2%, indicating a decrease in the genetic diversity of animals. The number of producer sires used by the pedigree farm decreased to 14 and the total diversity of their alleles decreased to 15. Comparative analysis showed that the difference in productivity of the daughters of bulls with alternative EAB-alleles was from 7 to 710 kg of milk, 0.01 – 0.19% fat and 0.02 – 0.09% protein for the first lactation in favor of one or another marker allele from the producer. By the highest lactation, the differences in milk yield are 55 – 1034 kg of milk, in fat content – 0.01 – 0.22%, protein – 0.02 – 0.14%.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"412 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the vital activity of cereal aphids in the North-West of Russia","authors":"Marina Nikolaevna Berim","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp26-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp26-32","url":null,"abstract":"The publication presents data on long-term monitoring of the dynamics of the number of cereal aphids on spring grain crops in the Pushkinsky district of St. Petersburg and the Tosnensky district of the Leningrad region. The appearance of winged parthenogenetic females in the fields in the biotope of grain crops was noted in the first decade of June, the maximum number of aphids - in the second decade. Over the years of observations, outbreaks of mass reproduction were in 1999, 2002, and 2021. The analysis is carried out of the dependence of the number of aphids Rh. padi on the weather conditions of the region. The correlation between the number of aphids on wheat plants and the average monthly April air temperatures was low (r= 0.31), it was higher between the number of insects and the June average monthly air temperatures (r=0.57). At the same time, the average monthly air temperature in April and June 1999 and 2002 were higher than the average long-term indicators. This indicator turned out to be the most effective between the sum of effective temperatures for the spring-summer period (April May, June) and the number of aphids (r= 0.77). The correlation coefficient between the amount of precipitation during this period and, accordingly, the number of aphids turned out to be negative (– 0.6). It is assumed that the degree of pest population of plants in the summer period depends on the number of eggs laid by oviparous females in the previous autumn. In our studies, the correlation coefficient between these indicators was 0.52. One of the most important entomophages of cereal aphids is the beetle Coccinella septempunctata L. Over the years of observations, the number of predators varied from 0.2 to 5 individuals per 1 model site. During the years of mass reproduction of aphids in 2002 and 2021, the number of coccinellids per model site was low and equal to 0.2-0.5. The large grass aphid Sitobion avenae F. appears in the fields of the region in early July. The largest number of species was recorded in 2016, 2020,2022. In the experiments of 2022, the insect preferred spring wheat and oats, compared with barley.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"62 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of biofertilizers on the productivity of oats and clover-thymopheic mixture in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem region","authors":"Alexander Borisovich Tiranov, Alexander Vladiirovich Grigoriev","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp74-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp74-79","url":null,"abstract":"In the link of crop rotation of fodder crops on sod-podzolic soil (83% of arable land) in the conditions of the Novgorod region, the use of Azotovite and Phosphatovite for the cultivation of crops on two backgrounds of mineral fertilizers was studied. The use of biofertilizers in technological operations twice (pickling of seed material and non-root spraying) against the background of full mineral fertilizer, in accordance with the plan, received the highest yield of cultivated crops: oat grains 4.3 t/ha and green mass of a clover-thistle mixture of 1 year of use (2 mowing) 60.9 and 2 year of use (1 mowing) 38.4 t/ha and the maximum nutritional value of feed per hectare: collection of dry matter 0.7, 15.2, 9.6; feed units–4.3, 13.0, 8.4 thousand tons; digestible protein 0.37, 1.16 and 0.74 tons with low energy intensity of production of cultivated crops 3.1, 0.7 and 1.0 GJ/thousand tons k units and high energy efficiency coefficients of 5.3, 16.1 and 12.5 units, respectively.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"33 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fodder beet productivity on irrigated chestnut soils in the Zavolzhye region during foliar treatments with fertilizers based on humic acids","authors":"Konstantin Vyacheslavovich Korsakov, Viktor Vasilievich Pronko, Nadezhda Vladimirovna Verkhovtseva, Nina Anatolievna Pronko","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp42-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp42-46","url":null,"abstract":"There was studied the effect of fertilizers based on humic acids on fodder beet crops cultivated on irrigated dark chestnut soils of the Engels district of the Saratov region in 2018-2020. The object of research was the Eckendorfskaya yellow variety of fodder beet released in Povolzhye. Fertilizers based on humic acids produced by Life Force Group LLC were used for foliar treatments. On average, over three years, three-time spraying of fodder beet crops with a solution of Reasil micro Amino B (1.0 l/ha per each plant) increased the yield of root crops by 7.2 t/ha (13% of the control). The maximum increase in yields (21 t/ha or 37% of the control) was obtained annually on the option of joint use of Reasil micro Hydro Mix (1.0 l/ha) and Reasil Carb-N-Humik (2.0 l/ha per each plant). Foliar treatments with fertilizers based on humic acids increased the viability of plants for harvesting and increased the average weight of one root crop. At the same time, the content of vitamin C significantly increased in root crops (11% to control) and insignificantly the amount of sugars (3% to control). By increasing the yield, fertilizers based on humic acids significantly increased the removal from the soil of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium by 89.44 and 138 kg/ha, respectively compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the inbreeding level on the genomic assessment of Holstein bulls of different genealogical complexes","authors":"Ekaterina Nikolaevna Vasilyeva, Olga Vasilievna Tulinova, Anna Vladimirovna Petrova","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp94-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp94-99","url":null,"abstract":"The studied 338 bulls of the new generation of US selection belong to the previously identified genealogical complexes (branches) of H.H.С. Manfred (Mf), B.M.T. Cleitus (Cl), Prelude (Pr)in the W. Ideal line and Blackstar Emori (BE), Magic (Mg), Adam (Ad) and G. Arlinda Chief (AC) in the R. Sovereign line. The influence of genetic factors: father, line, branch and level of inbreeding on the Genomic Estimation of Breeding Value (GEBV) for the productive qualities of young bulls was studied. On average, the inbreeding coefficient of the studied livestock is 13.14±0.15 from 12.72±0.54 to 15.98±1.26%, the genomic estimate for milk yield varied from 1204±101 to 1571±198 kg with an average value 1308±27 kg of milk.A significant weak positive correlation between the genomic assessment of bulls for milk yield and the inbreeding coefficient was revealed (r = +0.118, p?0.95).Differences in the GEBV of milk productivity traits between groups of bulls of different genealogical complexes are not significant. Significant differences in inbreeding coefficients only between Cl and AC (–3.08%, p?0.95), Ad and AC (–3.06%, p?0.95), BE and AC (–3.26%, p?0.95). Using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), a large influence on the genomic breeding value was established by the factor inbreeding coefficient - 42.4% for milk yield, 53.6% for fat content and 58.9% for protein content, which is comparable to the influence of the father on the GEBV for milk yield 42.6%, fat and protein content 50.8 and 46.0%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"46 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological examination of biopsy material of animal bone tissue using osteoplastic biocomposite coating of implants accelerating consolidation","authors":"Dmitry Alekseevich Artemyev, Sergey Vladimirovich Kozlov, Irina Vladimirovna Ziruk, Vladimir Sergeevich Klokov, Yana Evgenievna Yarosh","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp87-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp87-93","url":null,"abstract":"In modern veterinary and humane medicine, the issue of optimizing reparative osteogenesis, aimed at accelerating consolidation, preventing bacterial infection, a stabilization method, as well as activating osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, is quite acute. This can be achieved using osteoplastic biocomposite coatings on implants. The significant role of such components as hydroxyapatite, methyluracil, amoxicillin in metabolic processes aimed at regenerative, antibacterial and metabolic processes of osteogenesis has been determined. The group of authors set the goal of the study: to study, using a histological method, the quantitative and qualitative aspects of fusion of a fracture of the middle third of the diaphysis of long tubular bones (radius), in an experiment, using the developed biocomposite coating. The material for this study was histotopographic preparations of bone regenerates obtained on day 35 using a needle for trephine biopsy of bone tissue, after consolidation of the simulated fracture was established using implants with the developed osteoplastic coating. As a result of the study of histotopographic materials using 3.5% and 5% biocomposite coating to accelerate consolidation, in the experimental groups there is no amount of the developed composite, which indicates biocompatibility with complete biointegration without allergenic and cytostatic effects.Throughout the experiment, no significant difference was found between the experimental groups; in each group, restored microcirculation was visualized with many physiological Haversian canals with blood vessels, the nervous system and adequate tissue trophism. Histological examination of the formed bone regenerate is necessary to confirm the completed accelerated process of osteogenesis in small non-productive animals.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of effect of antioxidants and dietary fibres on microbiological and physicochemical properties of meat semi-finished products","authors":"Aleksey Germanovich Pervov, Dmitry Vladimirovich Spitsov","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp205-219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp205-219","url":null,"abstract":"he article describes examples of membrane technologies (reverse osmosis and nanofiltration) applied for quality drinking water production. In drinking water production practices, natural water often contains contaminants of anthropogeneous origin, such as halogenocarbons. The main principles for controlling the ratio of concentrations of different species in permeate are presented. They are based on the use of membranes with low rejection that require two membrane stages to achieve the designed chloroform removal efficiency. It is demonstrated how the feed water is treated with low rejection membranes on the first stage, and feed water flow is reduced by 30 times, calcium ion concentration increases by 25 times, total dissolved solids value increases by 15 times, and chloroform concentration increases by 10 times. The article demonstrates the results of calculations to evaluate total operational costs for cases where concentrate is reduced by 100–150 times in volume and is withdrawn together with the dewatered sludge as sludge moisture. The presented data indicate that the application of the developed ion separation method reduces total operational costs by 35–45 percent.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"25 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 as a tracer gas for determining the air exchange in a cow barn","authors":"Valerii Fedorovich Vtoryi, Sergei Valerievich Vtoryi","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp154-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp154-160","url":null,"abstract":"Milk and beef production goes along with the atmospheric emission of climatically active gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, NH3, H2S), which create a “greenhouse effect” and damage the environment. A lactating cow may release up to 7 kg of gases in CO2-equivalent per day. To control and reduce emissions of these gases, it is necessary to determine their mass. The direct measurements pose a certain problem under the natural ventilation system in the cow barns. The current solution is the indirect measurements making use of tracer gases. The research aimed to refine the methodology for calculating the air exchange rate using CO2 as a tracer gas in the cow barn environment. The research included the experimental study on the dairy cattle farms and calculation of air exchange in the cow barns. Our research confirmed that the air exchange, temperature and air velocity had a close interrelation. They affected the gas composition of the inside air in the cow barn. The determination coefficient of the regression equation R2 = 0.99 testified to the unconditional influence of air exchange intensity on CO2 concentration in the cow barn. In winter, the average CO2 concentration in the cow barn was 2.4 times higher than in summer. That was determined by the difference in the air exchange by 2.3 to 8 times. Variation coefficients characterizing the CO2 dispersion over the cow barn area were 16.1 % in winter and 17.9 % in summer, i.e. did not differ significantly. So, the method of calculating the air exchange with CO2 as a tracer gas can be used to determine the emissions of climatically active gases on cattle farms.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"26 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield and grain quality of winter triticale varieties in the Volga region","authors":"Tatiana Aleksandrovna Goryanina, Oleg Ivanovich Goryanin","doi":"10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp33-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2023i10pp33-37","url":null,"abstract":"Research on ordinary chernozem is presented to identify new promising varieties for modern technologies of growing winter triticale in arid conditions of the Volga region. In different weather conditions in the years (2019-2021), when testing 17 varieties of winter triticale, it was found out that the highest grain yield had the Krokha variety – 5.24 t/ha. The varieties Spika, Cornet, Consul, Valentine 90 were inferior to it by 0.23-0.34 t/ha (4.6-6.9%). According to the grain size, the 97-67T6P20 line stood out – 50.0 g, and the Zubr variety – 46.7 g, Capella – 46.3 g and Cornet – 46.0 g, respectively. The highest natural mass of 725-728 g/l had the varieties Capella and Consul, Lines 97-67T6 P 20. These varieties significantly exceeded Spika, Tornado and Valentine 90 by 23-43 g/l (3.3-6.3%). The protein content in the studied varieties varied from 12.7 to 15.5%, with the highest values in the Tornado feed direction variety – 15.5%. According to the complex of signs, the mass of 1000 grains (46-50 g), the nature of the grain (722-728 g/l) and the protein content (14.0-14.4%), the 97-67T6 P 20 line and the Capella variety were distinguished. Based on the data obtained on the yield and grain quality in the arid conditions of the Volga region, it is recommended to grow Krokha, Spika, Cornet, Consul, Valentine 90, and Gorka varieties.","PeriodicalId":485427,"journal":{"name":"Аграрный научный журнал","volume":"35 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}