Nutrition Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Do Athletes Cook? A Systematic Scoping Review of Culinary Nutrition in Athletes.","authors":"Rachael Camp, Oliver C Witard, Michèle Renard, Ciarán Ó Catháin, Fiona Lavelle","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Applied sports nutrition is fundamental to athlete health, performance and training adaptation; hence, culinary skills are paramount to meet physiological demands. With the decline in domestic cooking, culinary nutrition has emerged as a priority for research and education. However, limited information exists regarding culinary research in athletes. The aim of this scoping review was to collate, map and overview the current body of literature regarding culinary nutrition in athletes while also identifying existing knowledge gaps. The PRISMA-ScR guidelines were used. Five electronic databases were searched in March 2023. Data extraction was conducted using a custom form. A critical appraisal was undertaken, data were charted in narrative and numerical format, and thematic analysis was conducted mapping relationships between studies and identifying knowledge gaps. Seven primary research studies were included, two qualitative and five quantitative study designs, with only one randomised controlled trial. Four studies were conducted in North America and four studies included athletes from multiple sports. Delivery, content and duration of interventions varied, with limited detail provided in most studies. All intervention studies included a practical culinary element. The use of validated measurement tools was limited. One study received a positive rating in the critical appraisal. Culinary nutrition research in athletes is grossly limited and warrants further investigation. Specifically, a focus on methodological issues is required to improve the quality of evidence, with the inclusion of well-designed studies, use of validated measurement tools, implementation of clear theoretical frameworks and clear intervention descriptions to assist in strengthening the culinary nutrition research field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"322-336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13522870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient and Discretionary Food Intake in Vegan Adult Australians: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Linda Smillie, Michelle Minehan, Catherine R Knight-Agarwal","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interest in plant-based diets, including vegan diets is increasing. Yet, there has been limited assessment of the dietary intake of contemporary vegans in Australia. Sixty-six adult Australian vegans completed a four-day, semi-weighed food diary on two occasions. Intake from diet and supplements and diet alone was compared to the Australian Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs) for selected nutrients. Risk of micronutrient inadequacy was assessed using the cut-point method, with comparison to the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or Adequate Intake (AI). The contribution of Discretionary Food (DF) intake to total energy intake was examined. A total of 466 days of dietary data were analysed after screening for under-reporting. Macronutrient distribution matched the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution ranges (AMDR). Total protein intake aligned with measures of adequacy and guidelines for optimal protein intake. Nutrients most at risk in our sample were vitamin B12, calcium, iodine, selenium, zinc and omega-3 fatty acids. Supplementation did not fully resolve under-consumption. DFs contributed 24.2% ± 11.8% to total energy intake. Our data show that macronutrient intake for adult vegans was within acceptable ranges. However, even with the addition of dietary supplements, multiple micronutrients were under-consumed. Theoretically, a well-planned vegan diet can be nutritionally adequate; however support is needed to ensure adequate intake in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"366-378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13522859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similar Muscle Recovery but Greater Soreness in Active Vegans on Low-Protein Diets Compared to High-Protein Omnivores Following Exercise-Induced Damage.","authors":"Raquel Simões Mendes-Netto, Felipe Garcez de Carvalho, Alice Conrado de Souza, Marcos da Silva Brandão, David Lima Oliveira, Marcela Larissa Costa, Marcus Vinicius Santos do Nascimento, Marzo Edir da Silva Grigoletto","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess whether a low-protein vegan diet is associated with differences in recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in physically active individuals. Physically active vegans (n = 7) and omnivores (n = 7) underwent a lower-body muscle damage protocol consisting of five sets of repetitions to failure using the Smith machine squat and leg press at 85% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Muscle damage and recovery were assessed at baseline, immediately post-exercise, and at 24, 48, and 72 h post-EIMD. Outcomes included serum concentrations of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, and range of motion (ROM). Habitual dietary intake was assessed using four 24-h dietary recalls analysed via the Multiple Source Method (MSM) software. Participants demonstrated similar training volume across exercises and comparable hydration status. Protein intake was significantly lower in vegans (0.98 g/kg) compared to omnivores (2.14 g/kg), along with reduced intake of essential amino acids and, specifically, branched-chain amino acids (p ≤ 0.05). CK levels increased immediately after EIMD and peaked at 24 h, remaining elevated relative to baseline in both groups (p ≤ 0.05). LDH levels rose immediately post-exercise in both groups and were still elevated at 24 h (p ≤ 0.05). DOMS was markedly greater in vegans (+2.7 at 24 h; +2.6 at 72 h on VAS) than in omnivores at 24 and 72 h post-exercise (p ≤ 0.05). While habitually active vegans and omnivores exhibited similar overall responses in muscle damage and recovery following intense resistance exercise, vegans experienced clinically meaningful increases in DOMS. These findings suggest that a low-protein vegan diet may be associated with increased perceived muscle damage, without impairing acute functional recovery. For individuals following a vegan diet, these results highlight the importance of ensuring adequate protein intake and protein quality, including sufficient essential amino acids and branched-chain amino acids, to potentially mitigate exercise-induced muscle soreness and optimise recovery comfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"389-406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13522861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-Based Diet and Sleep Quality in Adults: Exploring the Role of Lifestyle and Health Mediators.","authors":"Márcia de Oliveira Lima, Júlia Souza de Melo, Larissa de Lima Soares, Risia Cristina Egito de Menezes, Renan Serenini, Giovana Longo-Silva","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the association between plant-based dietary indices (PDI) and sleep quality and examined the mediating roles of lifestyle and health-related factors. A total of 5260 participants (18-65 years) were included. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). PDI-including overall (oPDI), healthy (hPDI), unhealthy (uPDI), and pro-vegetarian diet index (PVDI)-was derived from a food frequency questionnaire covering 15 food groups. Associations between each PDI and sleep quality were analysed using linear and logistic regression models, and mediation analyses were performed to assess the effects of potential mediators. Poor sleep quality was reported by 51.12% of participants. Each one-unit increase in oPDI and uPDI was linked to higher PSQI scores (β: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01-0.04 and β: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01-0.03, respectively) and increased odds of poor sleep. In contrast, higher hPDI and PVDI scores were associated with lower PSQI scores and a 12% reduction in odds of poor sleep quality. Mediation analyses showed that higher oPDI and uPDI worsened sleep, partly through greater depression (32.58%) and less physical exercise (19%), respectively. Conversely, higher hPDI and PVDI improved sleep, primarily through a lower body mass index (11.9% and 22%, respectively). Our findings reveal a nuanced relationship between plant-based dietary patterns and sleep quality, influenced by lifestyle factors. They highlight the importance of distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy plant-based foods and considering the intake of animal-derived foods when developing dietary recommendations to improve sleep health.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Nutrient Supply Reflect Nutrient Intake? A Comparison Between Nutrient Intake and Nutrient Supply Data in Australia.","authors":"Kashfia Farah Promy, Nick Smith, Louise Bennett, Warren McNabb, Margaret Murray","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Information about the dietary intake of the Australian population is vital for informing nutrition policies; however, national dietary surveys are not frequently conducted, with the most recent data for Australia, at the time of analysis, collected in 2011-2013. Food supply data, from Food Balance Sheets (FBS), is updated annually, with data for Australia available for 2010 to 2022. This study compared nutrient intake data from the 2011-2013 Australian Health Survey with nutrient supply data (2011-2013) calculated from FBS, to determine whether nutrient supply data may be used as a surrogate measure of population nutrient intake to complement infrequent nationally representative dietary surveys. Relative nutrient intake and relative nutrient supply were calculated as a percentage of the target nutrient intake value per person, per day. The nutrient supply data were adjusted for consumer food waste, which is not taken into consideration in the FBS. Relative nutrient intake and unadjusted relative nutrient supply were statistically comparable (p > 0.002) for 10 out of 23 nutrients. This increased to 12 out of 23 nutrients when the supply data was adjusted for consumer food waste. Nutrient supply and nutrient intake were comparable for some, but not all, nutrients, and adjusting the supply data for consumer food waste increased the number of nutrients for which supply was comparable with intake. Therefore, national nutrient supply data may be a useful surrogate measure for national nutrient intake for some, but not all, nutrients. These two datasets can complement one another but should not be used interchangeably.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Narrative Review of Candidate Biomarkers of Total Fruit and Vegetable Intake.","authors":"Matthew P Madore, Seoeun Ahn, Kijoon Kim, Kunsun Eom, Myoung Hoon Jung, HyunSeok Moon, Jin-Young Park, Ock K Chun","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While an abundance of cohort studies has suggested that greater consumption of fruits and vegetables (FVs) is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, current self-report based dietary assessment tools are susceptible to biases that can reduce their accuracy in estimating dietary intakes, and consequently, the risk estimates obtained from this research. As a result, considerable attention has been directed towards the identification and validation of dietary biomarkers, which represent a more objective method for estimating FV intake and have the potential to improve the validity of future epidemiological studies concerning FV intake and its relationship with health outcomes. Several biomarkers, including urinary potassium, flavonoids, hippuric acid, serum/plasma and erythrocyte folate, serum/plasma vitamin C, and blood and skin carotenoids, appear to offer promise as FV intake biomarkers. However, many possess important limitations that have not been thoroughly explored and addressed, and continued efforts are being made to discover others that may offer further advantages in relation to the cost, ease, and invasiveness of measurement methods. Therefore, this review seeks to discuss the characteristics of a reliable FV intake biomarker, describe and detail the benefits and limitations of existing candidates, and highlight areas where further research may be required.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"163-184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13254700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147844813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inadequate Dietary Fibre Intake in Cardiovascular Disease Populations and Its Adverse Impact on Metabolic Health and Longevity: A National Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Mengyan Wang, Tong Xu, Zhenxiang Zhan, Haibin Zheng, Jianhong Peng","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the established benefits of dietary fibre for cardiovascular health, it remains unclear whether and how dietary fibre intake, particularly from specific food sources, influences all-cause and cause-specific mortality in populations with established cardiovascular disease (CVD). This cohort study utilised data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018. First, we compared dietary fibre intake between 3952 CVD individuals and 3952 age- and gender-matched non-CVD controls, generated by propensity score matching. Second, Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to assess the associations of dietary fibre intake and source with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality in CVD populations. Third, to explore potential underlying mechanisms, we examined the associations of dietary fibre intake with validated biomarkers of metabolic health (triglyceride-glucose index, cardiometabolic index) and systemic inflammation (systemic inflammatory response index, systemic immune-inflammation index) in CVD populations. Adjustments were made for sociodemographic, dietary and health-related covariates. Compared to non-CVD individuals, CVD individuals had significantly lower average dietary fibre intake (15.7 g/day vs. 14.1 g/day, p < 0.001). Individuals with multiple coexisting CVDs exhibited the lowest dietary fibre intake (13.1 g/day). Only 9.3% of males and 11.7% of females met the recommended Adequate Intake standards (30 g/day for males, 21 g/day for females) in the CVD group. Over a median follow-up of 6.3 years, dietary fibre intake was inversely associated with all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality in CVD populations. Compared to the first quartile, the all-cause mortality risk was reduced by 42% (hazard ratio [HR] 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45-0.75), cardiovascular mortality by 52% (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29-0.78) and cancer mortality by 50% (HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.24-1.02) in the fourth quartile of dietary fibre intake. In terms of dietary fibre sources, grain and legume/nut fibre had a stronger association with survival benefits than fruit and vegetable fibre. Mechanistic exploration analysis suggests that dietary fibre intake was associated with a decrease in triglyceride-glucose index and cardiometabolic index, but not with the systemic inflammation response index and systemic immune-inflammation index. Both CVD and non-CVD populations exhibited inadequate dietary fibre intake, with the deficiency being more pronounced in the CVD group. Among CVD populations, those with higher dietary fibre consumption had a lower risk of all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer mortality. Our findings highlight a significant and remediable nutritional gap in this high-risk population and underscore the importance of improving dietary fibre intake as a potential supplementary strategy to improve survival in adults with CVDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"222-232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Relationship Between Migraine and Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products.","authors":"Büşra Demirer, Dursun Ceylan, Gülhan Samur","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70049","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migraine is one of the most common neurological conditions and nutrition is considered one of the critical environmental triggers. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) may influence migraine pathogenesis through neuroinflammation and various mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between dietary AGEs (dAGEs) intake and sleep quality, dietary composition and Mediterranean diet adherence in individuals with migraine. This case-control study was conducted with adult individuals (n = 60 with migraine, n = 60 controls) aged 19-64 who applied to Karabük University Training and Research Hospital Neurology Clinic Headache Outpatient Clinic. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic information. Participants completed the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screening (MEDAS), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS) and 3-day food consumption record. The median MEDAS score of individuals in the control group (M = 6.0, min-max = 2.0-10.0) was higher than those with migraine (M = 5.0, min-max = 2.0-10.0) (p = 0.020). The median PSQI score was 7.0 in both groups and did not differ significantly (p = 0.484). In the model that included all confounding factors (age, gender, BMI), a unit increase in energy-adjusted dAGEs intake was associated with a 1.57-fold increased risk of migraine (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.178-2.099, p = 0.002). The study's results are important as they provide the first known data in the literature on the relationship between migraine and dAGEs. A comprehensive dietary history may be necessary for the assessment of migraines. However, future clinical studies with larger sample sizes should evaluate serum/skin AGEs in relation to dietary intake. ClinicalTrial number: NCT05747911.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"213-221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147345412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Role of Social Supermarkets in Addressing Food Insecurity and Food Waste: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Claire O'Malley, Callum Bradford, Jordan Duffy, Helen J Moore, Andrea Burrows, Joe Dunne, Lisa Harris, Frances Hillier-Brown, Matthew Cotton, Lucie Nield, Amelia A Lake","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tackling food insecurity and food waste are two interrelated and complex policy challenges. Innovations in food retail termed 'social supermarkets' (SSMs) could provide a solution, utilising surplus produce from mainstream food retailers, which are then traded at reduced prices. This scoping review aimed to synthesise the peer-reviewed research literature concerning the application of SSM models internationally, with a particular focus on how they influence food insecurity and reduce food waste. Free-text keywords and index terms were combined with Boolean operators for comprehensive searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Google Scholar. Fourteen studies were included after duplication removal, sifting and results from citation searches were added. SSMs were primarily used by low-income, food-insecure households, although some clients do not fall under these categories, instead choosing to shop at SSMs to prevent further societal food waste from unused surplus. Attitudes towards SSMs were predominantly positive (especially in comparison to food banks), largely due to the implementation of the choice model, where clients are treated as 'customers' rather than 'recipients' of food. Although SSMs play an important role in providing food assistance to the food insecure and preventing surplus food from supermarket retailers becoming food waste, they do not address the deeper underlying causes of food insecurity and food waste, namely: income inequality and the on-going creation of surplus food throughout the food supply chain. Policies are needed which address these issues directly, unlike SSMs, which paradoxically rely on these increasingly dysfunctional systems to continue trading.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"200-212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13254696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Demographic Variation in Adherence to the Eatwell Guide Within the UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Alex Griffiths, Fiona Malcomson, Jamie Matu, Sarah Gregory, Andrea M Fairley, Rebecca F Townsend, Amy Jennings, Nicola A Ward, Louisa Ells, Emma Stevenson, Oliver M Shannon","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70055","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to explore patterns of Eatwell Guide adherence across socio-demographic groups in the UK Biobank cohort. A total of 192 825 individuals were included in the analysis. Eatwell Guide adherence scores were derived from 24-h dietary recall data (Oxford WebQ), and quantified using a graded, food-based scoring system. Eatwell Guide scores were compared between different age, sex, BMI, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and education groups. Data were analysed using independent sample t-tests, and one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc tests. Eatwell Guide adherence was higher for older than younger, and female compared with male participants (both p < 0.001). There was a main effect of BMI on total adherence (p < 0.001), with the highest scores achieved by those with a healthy BMI. Eatwell Guide adherence was higher in white versus non-white participants (p < 0.001) and differed significantly by education level (p < 0.001), with the highest score achieved by participants with a higher education level. Total adherence scores differed by socio-economic status (all p < 0.001), with the highest score achieved by the least deprived participants and the lowest score achieved by the most deprived participants. These data demonstrate that Eatwell Guide adherence differs significantly between socio-demographic groups in the UK Biobank. Exploring the consistency of these findings in other cohorts and developing strategies to increase adherence to the Eatwell Guide in groups with low adherence are future research priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"258-268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13254699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}