Nutrition Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Dietary Diversity and Low/Moderate Physical Activity Are Associated With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Hamza Saidi, Abdenour Bounihi, Hassiba Benbaibeche, Aya Benhedouga, Wassila Saiah, Elhadj Ahmed Koceir","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. Women with GDM have an increased risk of adverse outcomes during pregnancy and delivery. Although diet and physical activity play a crucial role for pregnant women in the management of GDM, studies on dietary quality and physical activity in these individuals prior to diagnosis remain limited. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to evaluate the association between the women dietary diversity score (WDDS) and the level of physical activity assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) during pregnancy with the incidence of GDM. A total of 390 pregnant women were recruited, including 209 with GDM and 181 without GDM. Anthropometric and medical data were collected and WDDS was assessed using a 24-h recall method. Our results showed that high pre-pregnancy BMI, physical inactivity, a personal history of GDM, polycystic ovary syndrome and previous spontaneous abortion were positively associated with GDM. Additionally, our results showed that diets rich in total carbohydrate (excluding fibre), fat, starchy staples, dairy products or eggs as well as diets poor in legumes, nuts and seeds were positively associated with GDM. Interestingly, a significantly higher WDDS, a low IPAQ score and energy intake were positively associated with GDM. A more diversified diet and physical inactivity may be risk factors for GDM. These findings highlight the importance of women's dietary diversity and physical activity as potential modifiable factors for the prevention of GDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Every Person Counts in a Fair Transition to Net Zero: A UK Food Lens Towards Safeguarding Against Nutritional Vulnerability.","authors":"A Spiro, L Bardon, J Fanzo, Z Hill, S Stanner, M H Traka","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The British Nutrition Foundation and Quadram Institute hosted a multidisciplinary roundtable, chaired by Professor Jessica Fanzo, to explore how the UK food system can be transformed to achieve net zero targets while ensuring nutritional adequacy, food security, and health equity across the life course. Current dietary patterns are significant contributors to the global burden of chronic disease, while food systems also cause considerable environmental harm. Agriculture, as both a major driver of climate change and a sector highly vulnerable to its effects, plays a crucial role in shaping both environmental change and food security. In the UK, dietary patterns often diverge from established guidelines, particularly among vulnerable groups, highlighting a food environment that fails to promote nutritional security or support balanced, sustainable, and diverse plant-rich diets for long-term health. Achieving a shift towards healthier, more sustainable diets requires a collaborative, cohesive, interdisciplinary, and innovative approach that integrates both nutritional and environmental goals across the entire food system. Roundtable participants considered how targeted action from policymakers, industry, and the agricultural sector can support this transition without compromising nutritional security. Participants emphasised that strategies to promote plant-rich diets must account for population-specific nutritional requirements and socioeconomic constraints. A key concern was ensuring that the transition to net zero does not exacerbate existing dietary inequalities. The discussion highlighted vulnerable groups, such as children, adolescents, pregnant women, and older adults, who may be at greater risk of nutritional inadequacies, particularly for vitamin B12, iron, and iodine, as efforts to reduce reliance on animal-based foods accelerate. Ensuring access to affordable, nutrient-dense, and bioavailable alternatives is crucial. The significant role of the private sector (manufacturers, retailers and out-of-home providers) in shaping the food environment was acknowledged, with an emphasis on the need for greater accountability. Participants called for robust regulatory policies to level the playing field and incentivise the production and promotion of healthier, more sustainable foods. Whilst the use of the terms 'high in fat, sugar or salt' (HFSS) and 'ultra-processed foods' (UPF) formed part of the discussion, particularly concerning processed plant-based alternatives, the primary message was to use such frameworks as tools to drive broader food system transformation, rather than distractions from the ultimate goal of enabling dietary patterns that are both health-promoting and environmentally sustainable.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Action Areas for Population and Planetary Health: Recommendations Arising From the Transforming the UK Food Systems Programme.","authors":"Emma Hunter, Tracey Duncombe, Alexandra Johnstone, Hannah Mitchell, Roya Shahrokni, Riaz Bhunnoo, Guy Poppy","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The UK food system faces critical challenges at the intersection of public health, environmental sustainability, and economic resilience. Currently contributing significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss, and freshwater use, the system also fails to ensure universal access to healthy diets-particularly for lower-income populations during a cost-of-living crisis. The Transforming UK Food Systems (TUKFS) Programme has brought together academia, industry, policymakers, and communities to co-produce solutions to these complex challenges. This paper highlights findings from the Programme, with a focus on improving nutrition and sustainability. It outlines four key action areas: (1) innovation in manufacturing and supply chains, including development of UK-grown pulses, fortified foods, and aquaculture systems; (2) transforming food environments, such as school meals and supermarkets, to make healthy food more accessible; (3) empowering communities through co-production and stakeholder engagement across the food system; and (4) reforming policy and governance by aligning national and local strategies and applying systems thinking to food policy. Collectively, these actions aim to drive coordinated, evidence-based transformation toward a healthier, more equitable, and sustainable UK food system.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145293791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Fibre Intake in Older Adults Is Inversely Associated With Serum Remnant Cholesterol Level: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.","authors":"Hye Jun Lee, Woo-Young Shin, Jung-Ha Kim","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many studies have shown that dietary fibre lowers cholesterol levels; however, to our knowledge, no study has examined the relationship between dietary fibre intake and remnant cholesterol, which are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between dietary fibre intake and remnant serum cholesterol levels in older Korean adults. We used data from the 2016 to 2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which included 8212 older adults. Serum remnant cholesterol levels were calculated by subtracting the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels from the total cholesterol level. Hyperremnant cholesterolaemia was defined as a serum remnant cholesterol level of ≥ 30 mg/dL. Dietary fibre intake was classified on the basis of adequate intake (AI). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between dietary fibre intake and remnant serum cholesterol levels. The odds ratio of hyper-remnant cholesterol aemia was 1.26 times higher in older adults with fibre intake below AI than in those with fibre intake above AI (95% confidence interval 1.06-1.48, p < 0.01). This study revealed that dietary fibre intake was inversely associated with serum remnant cholesterol levels in older Korean adults. Therefore, dietary fibre can be considered a novel therapeutic strategy for lowering remnant cholesterol and may benefit older adults at risk of CVD in terms of the prevention and inhibition of progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is Known About the Fish Intake of People Living in Disadvantaged Communities in the UK? A Scoping Review.","authors":"Sarah Gale, Roseline Aboluwade, Louise Hunt, Clare Pettinger","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish provides essential nutrients, including protein, omega-3 fatty acids (oily fish) and other micronutrients, and may be seen to have a prominent role in protecting against non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovascular disease. Recent UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey analysis suggests people are not meeting their weekly fish intake recommendation of at least two portions per week, of which one should be oily. Lower socioeconomic groups are more likely to eat poor-quality diets, with low fish intake, resulting in poor health outcomes. The aim of this scoping review was to examine the factors influencing fish consumption in people living within 'disadvantaged communities' in the UK. The review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) checklist. Peer-reviewed literature was searched, focusing on studies carried out in the UK (published in CINAHLPlus, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and MEDLINE) and grey literature (Google Scholar, consultations and websites) between January 2000 and December 2023. Selected studies were reviewed and analysed descriptively or using content analysis. A total of n = 26 papers were reviewed, with collated findings suggesting a nuanced picture in relation to fish intake within 'disadvantaged communities'. Specific barriers were identified, including physical and economic accessibility, with poor access to fish and the high cost of fish (especially oily) positively associated with income level. Demographic characteristics of age, gender, and ethnicity were shown to influence fish intake. Education level also plays a role, namely the higher the education level, the higher the likelihood of regular (i.e., weekly or daily depending on study) fish consumption. Similarly, cultural factors can determine fish-related food choices in adults, which can also influence children's fish intake. Despite some inherent limitations, this review provides important insights into the fish intake of disadvantaged communities. Recommendations are made for researchers, practitioners, and policy makers engaged in (blue) food system strategies to inform the design of interventions and campaigns to promote fish intake, enhance education of its health benefits, and skills in its preparation/cooking in disadvantaged communities to support action to tackle health inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Access Publishing in Nutrition and Dietetics: State of the Art and Future Directions.","authors":"Marco Capocasa, Davide Venier, Giovanni Destro Bisol","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Protein for Human Consumption: Towards Sustainable Protein Production.","authors":"Anthony W Watson, Rebecca F Townsend, Matt Longshaw","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein from animal sources significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, driving the need for sustainable alternative protein sources to meet global dietary demands while reducing environmental impact. This project explores microbial protein, derived through cellular agriculture using fermentation technology, as a viable, sustainable and high-quality protein for human consumption. This report describes a multidisciplinary approach to assessing the feasibility of incorporating microbial protein into human food systems, guided by four key objectives. First, a market analysis to identify opportunities and challenges for incorporating microbial protein into existing food products, assessing its potential to improve the protein quality of plant-based foods. Second, the project will evaluate the protein quality and digestibility of reformulated products using advanced models simulating human gastrointestinal processes. Third, consumer perceptions and barriers to adopting bacterial-based proteins will be investigated, addressing safety, health and sustainability concerns. Overall findings will inform the development of a technical document outlining actionable recommendations for commercialising microbial proteins as food ingredients. This multidisciplinary project aims to support the sustainable diversification of dietary protein sources, contributing to global efforts towards achieving sustainable food systems. The project is funded by the Start Healthy, Stay Healthy (STAR) Hub, a Diet and Health Open Innovation Research Club (OIRC) which is funded by the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Eating Rate of Ultra-Processed Foods on Dietary Intake, Eating Behaviour, Body Composition and Metabolic Responses-Rationale, Design and Outcomes of the Restructure Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Marlou P Lasschuijt, Lise A J Heuven, Marieke van Bruinessen, Zhen Liu, Josep Rubert, Markus Stieger, Kees de Graaf, Ciarán G Forde","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive epidemiological research and the findings from one randomised controlled feeding trial (RCT) have shown associations between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and higher energy intakes. To date the specific properties of UPF foods and diets that may be responsible for driving higher energy intakes remain unclear. A comparison of the diets in the single RCT to date showed a significantly higher eating rate (g/min, ER) for meals in the UPF diet compared to those in the minimally processed diet. Numerous acute feeding trials have shown that foods with textures that promote a slower ER tend to be consumed in smaller portions compared to those consumed at a faster ER. Here, we describe the rationale and approach for the Restructure RCT with the primary aim to determine the effect of meal texture-derived ER (g/min) of UPF diets ('UPF Slow ER' vs. 'UPF Fast ER') on daily ad libitum energy intake (kcal/day) across a 14-day period. The secondary objectives of the Restructure RCT are to compare changes in body composition and metabolic markers following the same two diets. We hypothesise that texture-derived differences in ER will moderate food and energy intakes from UPF diets such that participants will consume less when they encounter textures that promote a slower eating rate. The outcomes of the Restructure RCT aim to provide new insights on the proposed mechanisms by which UPF are thought to promote greater energy intakes, and aid in the development of food-based strategies to moderate dietary energy intakes from processed foods. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT06113146.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Adherence to Vegetarian and Vegan Diets: Insights From the 3rd Bavarian Food Consumption Survey.","authors":"Sebastian Gimpfl, Florian Rohm, Nina Wawro, Nadine Ohlhaut, Christine Röger, Melanie Senger, Martin Kussmann, Jakob Linseisen, Kurt Gedrich","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vegetarian and vegan diets are increasingly popular in Germany due to ethical considerations, perceived health and environmental benefits. Regionally representative data, particularly for Bavaria, remain scarce. This study updates the prevalence, demographics and eating motives of vegetarians and vegans using data from the 3rd Bavarian Food Consumption Survey (BVS III; 2021-2023), a repeated, population-based, representative study. Stratified random sampling recruited 1503 adults aged 18-75 years via resident registration offices. Dietary intake was assessed using repeated 24-h recalls. Participants self-identified their diets. Individuals indicating 'vegetarian' or 'vegan' were pooled and compared to omnivores. The prevalence of vegetarian/vegan diets increased from 2.2% (2002/2003) to 6.3%. Higher education (OR: 4.2; 95% CI: 1.7-10.2) and being female (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2-4.2) significantly predicted adherence, while urbanity and age did not. Compared to omnivores, vegetarians/vegans reported stronger motivations related to health and environmental concerns (p < 0.001) but placed less importance on sociability (p = 0.017) and traditional eating (p = 0.042). Adjusted mean protein intake was significantly lower in vegetarians/vegans (62.4 g/d vs. 70.3 g/d, p = 0.004), yet still adequate. Essential amino acid intake was also lower; their relative proportion (~50%) was comparable between groups. Fibre intake was significantly higher among vegetarians/vegans (23.8 g/day vs. 16.5 g/day, p < 0.001). The prevalence of vegetarian and vegan diets nearly tripled over two decades. The findings substantiate a regressive trend in meat consumption in the region, driven by health rather than environmental concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Fermentable Fibre on Endurance Exercise Capacity: A Randomised Crossover Trial of Inulin Supplementation.","authors":"L Torquati, H Power, T Pons, J Bowtell","doi":"10.1111/nbu.70010","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nbu.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manipulation of the mouse gut microbiome has been shown to increase gut-derived short-chain fatty acids and improve exercise capacity. Associations between exercise performance and gut microbiome composition and metabolites have also been identified in human studies. Yet there is little direct evidence that prebiotics are able to increase acetate production and improve exercise capacity in human participants. We conducted a randomised controlled cross-over trial with 21 healthy and active males (35.0 ± 6.9 years; 24.4 ± 2.7 kg/m²) to investigate the effect of 15 g of inulin (prebiotic) on exercise performance (15 km cycle time trial), compared to placebo. Time to completion of a 15 km time trial was the primary outcome, while plasma acetate concentration and markers of inulin fermentation (breath H₂ concentration) and muscle oxygenation were measured to explore potential mechanisms of action. Time to complete the 15 km time trial was not affected by inulin mean difference between inulin and placebo trials: (-10.37 s, 95% CI [-150.8, 130.1 s], p = 0.884). The marker of inulin fermentation (H₂ concentration increase from baseline) was significantly higher in inulin compared to placebo condition (+42.61 ppm, 95% CI [30.04, 55.19], p = 0.001 and +31.13 ppm, 95% CI [3.73, 58.51], p = 0.029, respectively), but plasma acetate concentration did not differ between conditions. Likewise, markers of muscle oxygenation were not different between inulin and placebo. Our current results do not support the acute use of prebiotics to improve exercise performance in adults. Possible explanations for the absence of ergogenic effects may be that the timing between prebiotic ingestion and exercise was too short to allow for complete fermentation into acetate, participants were in a fasted rather than a fed state, or that the single dose of supplement was insufficient. These factors, together with advanced methods (stable isotope studies) should be investigated in a follow-up study to elucidate the fate and role of colonic-derived acetate during exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":48536,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"447-458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}