IET Electrical Systems in Transportation最新文献

{"title":"Learnings from Rolls-Royce hybrid propulsion systems in flight testing of High Power, High Scalability Hybrid Powertrain aircraft","authors":"Péter Bodolai,&nbsp;Attila Vörösváczki,&nbsp;Gábor Bihari,&nbsp;Szabolcs Fási,&nbsp;Péter Szabó,&nbsp;Zoltán Koltai","doi":"10.1049/els2.12072","DOIUrl":"10.1049/els2.12072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article describes the collaborative efforts between Tecnam, Rolls-Royce, and Rotax to equip a 4-seat Tecnam P2010 aircraft with a parallel hybrid-electric powertrain, the first of its kind ever developed for general aviation, to help reduce fuel consumption while maintaining, and even extending, the aircraft range. The High Power, High Scalability Hybrid Powertrain project set out to design, build, ground-test and demonstrate in a flight campaign such a propulsion system. Creating a parallel hybrid-electric drive system, which brings together the electric and combustion engine worlds, creates a completely new set of challenges in the design, assembly, operation, and safety assurance of aircraft which must be addressed for a successful business proposition. The article reflects on some of the challenges faced as this innovative and scalable powertrain was developed on the road to minimise emissions in the aviation industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44395014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special issue on all-electric and hybrid-electric flight","authors":"Brian Simmers,&nbsp;Chris Gerada,&nbsp;Kaushik Rajashekara,&nbsp;Panos Laskaridis,&nbsp;Naoki Seki","doi":"10.1049/els2.12071","DOIUrl":"10.1049/els2.12071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Public and political pressures for environmental improvements are driving a wave of current interest in all-electric and hybrid-electric aircraft. These emerging new aircraft propulsion systems bring with them the promise of net-zero emissions and greatly reduced noise profiles. The main application focus is currently around smaller aircraft including general aviation, drones, urban air mobility, commuter, and electrical vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft. In the slightly longer term, business and regional aircraft operators are also keen to adopt these novel propulsion systems and exploit their benefits.</p><p>The aim of this special issue of the <i>IET Electrical Systems in Transportation</i> journal is to showcase original research on enabling technologies for all-electric and hybrid-electric flight. For this publication, there was also a desire to feature case studies, which express the ambitions of the customer base and detail the key technical hurdles to be addressed by the supply chain. Many propulsion system demonstrations are in development, whether in a lab environment or progressing to flight trials, and submissions on original research addressing the key technical challenges were also encouraged. Technology improvements in electrical machines, power electronics, energy storage, thermal management systems, and electrical system integration (including advanced control and protection) are required to make the vision for a more electric aviation fleet a reality. Papers which detail specific relevant technical advancements or review a range of these technological contributions are also included in this special issue.</p><p>Despite the many aerospace industry projects underway with the intention of realising the potential of all-electric and hybrid-electric flight, there appears to be a shortfall in underpinning research to support these projects. It is hoped that this special issue will inspire researchers and encourage innovations that will help to meet the many challenges that lie ahead in developing a sustainable and environmentally friendly air travel ecosystem.</p><p>The papers selected for this special issue have been peer reviewed by the Guest Editors and specialist reviewers. They include case studies on industrial flight trials for all-electric and hybrid-electric propulsion systems, evaluations against other modes of transport, innovative propulsion system architectures, and novel power electronics converter solutions. The selected papers are summarised in the following sections.</p><p>This paper reviews the numerous engineering challenges faced by the ACCEL consortium comprising Rolls-Royce, Electroflight, and YASA in designing, developing, and flying an all-electric aircraft. Three world records were set by the project team for top speed over 3 and 15 km distances and for the fastest 3000 m climb as officially verified by Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. During its record-breaking runs, the aircraft also c","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43238581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-state unified calculation model of rail potential and stray current in DC railway systems","authors":"Guifu Du,&nbsp;Zixuan Zheng,&nbsp;Qiaoyue Li,&nbsp;Fengchuan Xu,&nbsp;Tianye Zhang,&nbsp;Dongliang Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoping Zhang,&nbsp;Weiguo Huang","doi":"10.1049/els2.12070","DOIUrl":"10.1049/els2.12070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to calculate the dynamic distribution of rail potential and stray current accurately, a multi-state unified calculation model of rail potential and stray current is proposed, and the characteristics of different protection devices and reflux system in multi-state DC railway systems are analysed. In the proposed model, the multi-state characteristics of the traction substation, train, protection devices and reflux system are uniformly simulated by unified node models. The mixed simulation parameters of the catenary and reflux system are unified to lumped parameter networks, and the multi-node voltage equations are established based on the simulation model. Then, the power flow of DC railway systems is calculated using an iterative solution, and the dynamic distribution of rail potential and stray current are solved by differential equations. The multi-state unified calculation model is built and the distribution of rail potential and stray current in different conditions are simulated based on the parameters of Wuxi Subway Line 2. In order to verify the multi-state unified calculation model proposed, field tests and simulations are carried out. Results show that the multi-state unified calculation model can unify the complex states of DC railway systems and calculate the distribution of rail potential and stray current accurately.</p>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46797273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced clustering based routing protocol in vehicular ad-hoc networks","authors":"Afia Naeem,&nbsp;Muhammad Rizwan,&nbsp;Shtwai Alsubai,&nbsp;Ahmad Almadhor,&nbsp;Md. Akhtaruzzaman,&nbsp;Shayla Islam,&nbsp;Hameedur Rahman","doi":"10.1049/els2.12069","DOIUrl":"10.1049/els2.12069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is derived from a mobile ad-hoc network that is a part of less infrastructure network design. Vehicular communication in VANET can be achieved using vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. A vehicle communicates with other vehicles through onboard units while communicating with roadside units in an infrastructure mode. Secure clustering is required for the communication between nodes in the whole network. The fundamental problem with the VANET is the instability of the network that occurs due to vehicles' mobile nature, which decreases the network's efficiency. This research proposes an enhanced cluster-based lifetime protocol <i>ECBLTR</i> that focuses on maximising the network's stability of routing and average throughput. The Sugeno model fuzzy inference system is used for assessing the cluster head (CH) that takes residual energy, local distance, node degree, concentration, and distance from the base station as input parameters. Our enhanced routing protocol shows that the proper channel model with an efficient routing protocol enhances the link throughput of the VANET for fixed network size. Our results show an efficient selection method of CH through the fuzzy system and a 10% increase in network lifetime. Furthermore, performance evaluation also demonstrates the impact of network sizes and routing protocols on packet delivery ratio and packet loss, average end-to-end delay, and overhead transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43052001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cable tunnel unmanned aerial vehicle location and navigation method based on ultra wideband and depth camera fusion","authors":"G. He, Xueling Huang, Yahui Xu, Jun Qin, Ke Sun","doi":"10.1049/els2.12068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57937782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retracted: Cable tunnel unmanned aerial vehicle location and navigation method based on ultra wideband and depth camera fusion","authors":"Guanghua He,&nbsp;Xueling Huang,&nbsp;Yahui Xu,&nbsp;Jun Qin,&nbsp;Ke Sun","doi":"10.1049/els2.12068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12068","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the increasing demand for electric energy, more and more cities are constructing cable tunnels. In order to prevent the cable in the tunnel from being damaged, regular inspection of the cable tunnel is very important. However, due to the large scale of cable tunnel construction, the traditional manual inspection is difficult to meet the maintenance requirements. With the development of intelligent technology, the intelligent patrol mode of UAV has gradually replaced the traditional manual patrol mode and become the main patrol mode of cable tunnel. Therefore, the positioning and navigation method of cable tunnel UAV is studied in this paper. By using UWB localization algorithm and depth camera fusion, the positioning and navigation methods of UAVs are determined and compared with the positioning algorithm based on optical flow. Experimental comparison results show that the maximum and minimum yaw angles of UAV positioning based on the proposed algorithm are 2.41° and 0.16°, while the maximum and minimum yaw angles of UAV positioning based on the comparison algorithm are 3.11° and 1.51°. It can be seen that the integration of UWB and depth camera is of great significance for the research of positioning and navigation methods of cable tunnel UAVs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radical technology innovations for high-speed transport; ePlanes to replace rail?","authors":"Paul H. Riley,&nbsp;Michele Degano,&nbsp;Chris Gerada","doi":"10.1049/els2.12061","DOIUrl":"10.1049/els2.12061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper evaluates various modes of transport against the dual requirements of Net-Zero carbon emissions and user convenience, in particular, speed of travel and cost of transportation. Results show that when operated across a whole country, battery-powered ePlanes have the lowest energy use as measured by well-to-wing efficiency of other high-speed transport systems such as the UKs HS2 and conventional diesel rail systems. This condition may not hold for extremely high passenger numbers per hour as seen in metropolitan areas with high density populations. Various proposed disruptive technologies lower cost of ownership when combined with changes in the transport paradigm that has rarely been explored in other papers.</p>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49569422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of power quality and economic worthiness of electric motorcycle charging in a residential electrical system","authors":"Pathomthat Chiradeja,&nbsp;Atthapol Ngaopitakkul","doi":"10.1049/els2.12066","DOIUrl":"10.1049/els2.12066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the urban society of Thailand, most people use motorcycles for travelling because they can meet the manoeuvrability of travelling in short distances and save energy compared to using a car. Many people are switching to electric motorcycles (EMCs), which install EMC chargers in their residential buildings. EMC chargers are power electronic devices that may produce electrical and electromagnetic interference; therefore, it is critical to evaluate the potential influence of an EMC charger on a household electrical system and other electrical equipment before installing one. Therefore, this study examined the effects of an EMC charger on residential electrical systems with and without a photovoltaic system connection as well as on individual load types in terms of power quality. The investigation revealed that EMC charging has a direct impact on the grid system's reactive power, power factor, and current harmonics. However, when the electrical load in the system has sufficient power, it is possible to reduce the reactive power and current harmonics of the grid. The cost of electricity when an EMC is connected to a residential electrical system was also analysed to determine the metre type and charging interval suitable for Thailand.</p>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43155660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A H-type architecture for electric/hybrid-electric aircraft propulsion systems","authors":"Anil Kumar Reddy Siddavatam,&nbsp;Kaushik Rajashekara,&nbsp;Ravi Prakash Reddy,&nbsp;Hao Huang,&nbsp;Harish S. Krishnamoorthy,&nbsp;Fred Wang","doi":"10.1049/els2.12065","DOIUrl":"10.1049/els2.12065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, an H-type electric/hybrid electric aircraft propulsion architecture is proposed to address the issues associated with the radial electric propulsion architecture. In a radial architecture, a fault on the main bus or failure of the generator leads to shut down of all the propulsion motors in that channel, thus increasing the burden on the remaining motors to maintain the power required by the aeroplane. As a result, it is necessary to oversize the motors for the purpose of compensating for the loss of other motors. To mitigate these issues, a new H-type architecture is introduced to isolate the particular faulty section while still maintaining power flow to the remaining healthy motors. The proposed architecture minimises the oversizing of various components in the system as compared to radial propulsion architecture. The sizing of components and the amount of overall mass reduction is discussed by using the proposed architecture. Typhoon Hardware in the Loop platform is used to validate the performance of both the architectures for faults at different locations, and the results are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47987785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal semi-dynamic traffic and power flow assignment of coupled transportation and power distribution systems for electric vehicles","authors":"Qiang Zhao,&nbsp;Zhenfan Wei,&nbsp;Hui Liu,&nbsp;Yinghua Han,&nbsp;Jinkuan Wang","doi":"10.1049/els2.12064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12064","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As the most promising alternative to internal combustion engines (ICEs), electric vehicles (EVs) have an excellent development outlook. The charging route scheduling of EVs can simultaneously affect traffic congestion in the transportation network (TN) and power flow distribution in the power distribution network (PDN). The research on TN and PDN coupling networks based on the static traffic flow model is relatively mature; however, it ignores that the traffic flow will spread across periods in a short scheduling period. In this paper, a semi-dynamic traffic flow model is proposed to represent the dynamic propagation characteristics of EVs and ICEs flow. Furthermore, the cost of carbon emission and system operation are combined as the overall goal of system optimisation. Since the model has become a more complex non-linear model, this paper proposes to combine the heuristic sequential boundary tightening and binary expansion method to linearise the model. The study compared four cases and found that a 20% penetration rate of EVs can reduce carbon emissions by 4.2% while reducing the system's total cost by 10%. Moreover, the impact of network congestion on the spatiotemporal distribution of traffic flow and power flow in the coupled network is alleviated.</p>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2.12064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50151247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}