IET Electrical Systems in Transportation最新文献

A Comprehensive Eco-Cooperative Driving, Considering a Suitable Energy Consumption Model in the Proximity of a Signalized Intersection

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1049/els2/5574313

Ali Parsi, Teymoor Ghanbari, Ebrahim Farjah

{"title":"A Comprehensive Eco-Cooperative Driving, Considering a Suitable Energy Consumption Model in the Proximity of a Signalized Intersection","authors":"Ali Parsi, Teymoor Ghanbari, Ebrahim Farjah","doi":"10.1049/els2/5574313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/els2/5574313","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly gaining popularity due to zero greenhouse gas emissions and some other privileges. However, limited battery capacity and drive range are known as the main obstacles to the widespread usage of EVs. Signalized intersections are among the bottleneck situations, in which the transportation systems are away from their optimal operation point. Eco-driving is an effective solution for dealing with idle stop-and-go issue before the signalized intersections, which is attainable thanks to the merits of advanced connected vehicle (ACV) technology. In this study, an eco-cooperative driving strategy is presented in proximity to the signalized intersections, considering driver comfort. First, Virginia Tech’s microscopic (VT-Micro) model is developed, taking into account road slope and regenerative braking energy. Then, using the model, all optimal acceleration and deceleration levels for uphill, flat, and downhill scenarios with consideration of driver comfort are determined. Finally, the effectiveness of the eco-cooperative driving strategy is examined.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2/5574313","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and Hybrid Analytical Model for Interior Permanent Magnet Generator in an Electric Vehicle Auxiliary Power Unit Application

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1049/els2/6472337

Mostafa Shabanpour, Fariba Farrokh, Vahid Zamani Faradonbeh, Abolfazl Vahedi, Pedram Asef

{"title":"Design and Hybrid Analytical Model for Interior Permanent Magnet Generator in an Electric Vehicle Auxiliary Power Unit Application","authors":"Mostafa Shabanpour, Fariba Farrokh, Vahid Zamani Faradonbeh, Abolfazl Vahedi, Pedram Asef","doi":"10.1049/els2/6472337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/els2/6472337","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study discusses a brushless permanent magnet (PM) generator. A high-efficiency interior PM (IPM) generator has been designed. It is suggested to use a three-phase, 12-/10-pole generator for the auxiliary power unit application. In this regard, to compute the components of the flux density distribution in the air gap of an IPM generator, a hybrid analytical model is employed. The unique aspects of this work include the development of a 2-dimensional (2-D) analytical method to determine the air gap magnetic flux density in the IPM generator, as well as the first-ever replacement of the stator slot with surface currents without the need for a repetitive loop. The rotor body bore receives 1-dimensional (1-D) analytical IPMs first transferred using the magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) model. After that, the 2-D analysis is modified to take the stator slot’s impacts into account by adding virtual surface currents (VSCs). Using boundary conditions and the Laplace/Poisson equations, the radial and tangential flux components of the flux density distribution in the air gap IPM generator were computed. The suggested method and the acquired findings have been validated by the finite element method (FEM), analytical model, and experimental results, indicating that the IPM generator is a promising option for electric vehicle (EV) auxiliary power unit applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2/6472337","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review of Certification Compliance Assessment for Nonresettable Protection Devices in eVTOL Applications

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1049/els2/7218316

Shadan Altouq, Chung M. Fong, Patrick J. Norman, Graeme M. Burt

{"title":"A Review of Certification Compliance Assessment for Nonresettable Protection Devices in eVTOL Applications","authors":"Shadan Altouq, Chung M. Fong, Patrick J. Norman, Graeme M. Burt","doi":"10.1049/els2/7218316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/els2/7218316","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The introduction of electrical vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft enables a greener, quieter, and faster method of aerial transportation method than helicopters. Key electrical power technologies are also being developed to enable the realization of these new aircraft types. The Pyrofuse protection device is a nonresettable protection device (NRPD) that offers desirable features for use within small electric aircraft applications. The components used in the Pyrofuse are also currently available at the intended power levels and at low cost. However, the nonresettable aspect of the device represents a challenge in the certification process for its use in eVTOL electrical system protection, although there is a current shortage of published literature on this aspect. Accordingly, this paper provides the first document-based review of certification compliance assessment for the use of NRPDs in an eVTOL environment. This assessment shows that devices such as Pyrofuses can achieve airworthiness in a range of roles as the primary protection for eVTOL electrical power system (EPS). However, this airworthiness is highly dependent on the physical design of the aircraft design, the proposed location of NRPDs, and the immunity to common mode and common cause failures.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2/7218316","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiobjective Evaluation of Configurations for Hybrid Electric Bus Equipped With Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Optimal Energy Management Strategy

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1049/els2/6520822

Kegang Zhao, Yelin Xie, Kunyang He, Zhihao Liang, Yanwei Liu

{"title":"Multiobjective Evaluation of Configurations for Hybrid Electric Bus Equipped With Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Optimal Energy Management Strategy","authors":"Kegang Zhao, Yelin Xie, Kunyang He, Zhihao Liang, Yanwei Liu","doi":"10.1049/els2/6520822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/els2/6520822","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>For hybrid buses equipped with hybrid energy storage systems, it is crucial to thoroughly evaluate and analyze the potential of different hybrid configurations in order to select an appropriate powertrain configuration for subsequent development. Currently, due to the low efficiency of energy management systems’ multiobjective weighting algorithm and the comparison of different configuration performance under specific component parameters, it is difficult to fully demonstrate the performance potential of configurations. To solve the above problems, multiple allowable component parameter schemes need to be considered. This article introduces a multiobjective evaluation method for hybrid powertrain configurations based on the nondominated sorting dynamic programming algorithm and employs parameter selection and collaborative energy management strategy optimization to overcome the challenge of large computational volume. Through the multiobjective Pareto front of fuel economy and battery SoH (state of health) changes, an effective comparison and analysis of the performance of two hybrid powertrain configurations were conducted. The results reveal that, for an 18-ton urban bus, under equivalent variations in battery SoH, the power-split configuration demonstrates an average fuel consumption reduction of 10.7% compared to the series-parallel configuration. The comparison results of various parameter configuration combinations indicate that the power-split configuration outperforms the series-parallel configuration in urban driving conditions. The aforementioned conclusions also provide reference for the selection of configuration schemes for similar types of commercial vehicles.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/els2/6520822","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiresolution Models of DC Traction Power Supply Systems With Reversible Substations 具有可逆变电站的直流牵引供电系统的多分辨率模型

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1049/2024/8279648

Fulin Fan, Yafang Li, Smail Ziani, Brian G. Stewart

{"title":"Multiresolution Models of DC Traction Power Supply Systems With Reversible Substations","authors":"Fulin Fan, Yafang Li, Smail Ziani, Brian G. Stewart","doi":"10.1049/2024/8279648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/2024/8279648","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Reversible substations (RSs) permitting bidirectional power flows can recover the regenerative braking energy of trains in DC traction power supply systems (TPSSs), increasing the energy efficiency of railway systems. To predict their effects on system dynamics and energy savings, the paper develops multiresolution models (MRMs) to simulate the RS roles with different fidelities. A high-resolution model for the transient simulation replicates a particular topology where a three-level voltage source inverter is connected to the secondary winding of an existing 12-pulse rectifier transformer and regulated to keep a constant DC voltage in the inverting mode. Furthermore, it can model the transient effects of pantograph-to-line arcing by inserting arc voltage profiles at the train’s input stage. To increase the computation speed in the long-term energy flow simulation, a low-resolution model simplifies the rectifiers into a series connection of a diode and a controlled voltage source depicting their nonlinear output characteristics and then places a DC voltage source in parallel to form a reverse path for braking power recovery. In addition, nonlinear conversion efficiencies are introduced to calculate energy flows across substations. The MRMs are tested based on a 1.5 kV DC TPSS and discussed alongside system dynamics under normal operation or pantograph arcing and the consistencies between different models. The RS using bidirectional voltage source converters only is additionally modelled to compare the technical performance of the two topologies in terms of system dynamics and energy efficiencies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/2024/8279648","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Preliminary Study on 2D Convolutional Neural Network-Based Discontinuous Rail Position Classification for Detection on Rail Breaks Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data 基于二维卷积神经网络的不连续轨道位置分类初步研究，用于利用分布式声学传感数据检测断轨情况

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1049/2024/5574909

Hye-Yeun Chun, Jungtai Kim, Dongkue Kim, Ilmu Byun, Kyeongjun Ko

{"title":"A Preliminary Study on 2D Convolutional Neural Network-Based Discontinuous Rail Position Classification for Detection on Rail Breaks Using Distributed Acoustic Sensing Data","authors":"Hye-Yeun Chun, Jungtai Kim, Dongkue Kim, Ilmu Byun, Kyeongjun Ko","doi":"10.1049/2024/5574909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/2024/5574909","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Rail breaks, which are crucial maintenance issues for the railways, require immediate inspection and maintenance as it can cause severe railway accidents. Though, it is still difficult to promptly detect rail breaks that occur during train operation even with the advances in maintenance and inspection technologies. In this research, as a preliminary study on rail break detection system, a deep learning-based discontinuous rail position classification method, which is using vibration data obtained from distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system during train operation, is proposed. To analyze the vibration data, a preprocessing algorithm for determining train occupancy is applied first. After that, the data in the space–time domain occupied by the train is converted to the spectrogram which is in the frequency domain by using short-time Fourier transformation (STFT). In the third step, the spectrogram images are applied to the proposed 2D convolutional neural network (2D CNN) model and the network detects discontinuous rail positions along the track, which are geometrically distinct from continuous welded rails, such as rail breaks. In order to evaluate the superiority of the proposed network model, performance comparison tests with other existing models were conducted with data collected from an actual railway line. From the results, the proposed model could achieve 99.17%, 93.33%, 87.5%, 90.32% for accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, respectively, and the results show overwhelming detection performance compared to other models.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/2024/5574909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142429276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on Electromagnetic Impact of High-Power Direct Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor on Track Circuit 大功率直接驱动永磁同步电机对轨道电路的电磁影响研究

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1049/2024/6672407

Shaotong Chu, Shiwu Yang, Chang Liu, Yong Cui

{"title":"Research on Electromagnetic Impact of High-Power Direct Drive Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor on Track Circuit","authors":"Shaotong Chu, Shiwu Yang, Chang Liu, Yong Cui","doi":"10.1049/2024/6672407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/2024/6672407","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The high-power direct drive permanent magnet synchronous motor (DD-PMSM) has become a hotspot because of its excellent performance compared to the asynchronous motor. Due to limitations like suspension structure and field clearance, the bottom of the windings is closer to the rail surface in a direct drive system under the same power load, which causes more disturbance energy coupling into the track circuit equipment in the form of magnetic field radiation than that of the asynchronous motor. Therefore, it may cause a wrong decision on track occupancy if the disturbance falls into the sensitive frequency band, leading to signaling failure. This paper first studied the magnetic field radiation from DD-PMSM and its influence on adjacent devices and determined the disturbance coupling path between the motor and the track circuit. Next, the calculation and analysis are accomplished on the radiated magnetic field and electromotive force disturbance. Then the FEM model is established for simulation and verification. Finally, engineering verification is carried out by the field test data to prove the validity of the theoretical model. This research helps to improve the EMC of locomotive and signaling systems, as well as mitigate signaling faults and safety risks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/2024/6672407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

E-Gear Functionality Based on Mechanical Relays in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines 基于永磁同步电机机械继电器的电子齿轮功能

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1049/2024/6582973

Lynn Verkroost, Mauro Demeyer, Homayoun Soltani Gohari, Johan Lecoutere, Peter Sergeant, Hendrik Vansompel

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Distribution of Rail Potential with Regional Insulation Alteration in Multi-Train Urban Rail Transit 多列城市轨道交通中区域绝缘改变后轨道电位的动态分布

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1049/2024/5069484

Ziyuan Kang, Guifu Du, Yaoda Xia, Qiaoyue Li, Guilu Zhang, Xin Guo, Weiguo Huang, Zhongkui Zhu

{"title":"Dynamic Distribution of Rail Potential with Regional Insulation Alteration in Multi-Train Urban Rail Transit","authors":"Ziyuan Kang, Guifu Du, Yaoda Xia, Qiaoyue Li, Guilu Zhang, Xin Guo, Weiguo Huang, Zhongkui Zhu","doi":"10.1049/2024/5069484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/2024/5069484","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Rail potential (RP) has become a disaster for the safe operation of metro lines. In urban rail transit (URT), regional insulation degradation often occurs due to the harsh environment of the reflux conductor for traction current, leading to the complex distribution of RP. In this paper, the dynamic distribution of RP with regional insulation alteration in URT is studied. First, the distribution model of the reflux system with regional insulation alteration is established. Second, utilizing the distributed parameter element method and taking into account the constraint conditions of the concentrated parameters, a superposition calculation method of RP in the reflux system is proposed. Finally, using Guangzhou Metro as an example, the simulation of different insulation states in long and local areas of URT is carried out. Results show that the RP amplitude decreases while the stray current amplitude increases when the insulation is degraded. At the same time, when the insulation in the local area degrades, the RP at the far end increases.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/2024/5069484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autonomous Energy Management Strategy in the Intermediate Circuit of an Electric Hybrid Drive with a Supercapacitor 带超级电容器的混合动力电动汽车中间电路的自主能量管理策略

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

IET Electrical Systems in Transportation Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1049/2024/3459997

Milan Vacarda

{"title":"Autonomous Energy Management Strategy in the Intermediate Circuit of an Electric Hybrid Drive with a Supercapacitor","authors":"Milan Vacarda","doi":"10.1049/2024/3459997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/2024/3459997","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) require the design of an energy management strategy (EMS). Many EMS are solved using different types of deterministic rules (rule-based (RB)) or optimization-based (OB) methods. The disadvantage of these strategies is that the primary energy flows in the drive are only solved “ex post,” when in principle, they cannot bring a substantial increase in energy recovery. A little-studied HEV traction drive topology is an internal combustion engine (ICE), supercapacitor (SC), traction motor (TM), and electric power divider (EPS) assembly. The original EMS method implemented in this assembly is based on the control of energy flows at the physical level in the DC link node. Changes in the power of the TM, under the condition of zero summation of currents in the DC link, will spontaneously induce energy spillover from and to the supercapacitor. The state of energy (SOE) in the supercapacitor can then be maintained by the balanced power of the ICE. This makes it possible to achieve a reduction in accelerations of approximately 30%. In principle, the presented EMS makes it possible to absorb all the kinetic and potential energy of negative driving resistances, thereby significantly reducing vehicle consumption. The strategy does not even require knowledge of the driving profile and bypasses complicated optimization algorithms. When validating the EMS method on an experimental test bench by implementing the driving cycle into real prototype components of the HEV physical model, a recovery rate of 14% was achieved, but the potential is up to twice that.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48518,"journal":{"name":"IET Electrical Systems in Transportation","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/2024/3459997","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0