Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science最新文献

{"title":"A hybrid experimental investigation of structural parameter effects on 2-DOF vortex-induced vibrations of a circular cylinder","authors":"Jiawei Shen ,&nbsp;Shixiao Fu ,&nbsp;Xuepeng Fu ,&nbsp;Pengqian Deng ,&nbsp;Zhibo Niu ,&nbsp;Torgeir Moan","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) virtual physical framework (VPF) to investigate structural parameter effects on 2-DOF vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) of a circular cylinder. The framework ensures strictly planar vibrations with equal mass in both directions, while allowing flexible modification of <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>∗</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>, damping ratio <span><math><mi>ζ</mi></math></span>, and natural frequency ratio <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>∗</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> under constant-Reynolds-number conditions. Results show that 2-DOF VIV exhibits a super-upper branch where the cross-flow (CF) amplitude is amplified compared with the 1-DOF case, and this amplification weakens as the mass ratio increases. At the same time, the in-line (IL) amplitude, synchronization range, and dominant frequency are reduced with increasing mass ratio. The phase difference increases gradually with reduced velocity (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>U</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) and reaches its maximum at the CF amplitude peak. This maximum phase difference decreases as the mass ratio increases, and when <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>U</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> further enters the lower branch, the phase difference drops to about 10°. Correspondingly, the trajectory evolves from right-opening figure-of-eight shapes to nearly straight CF-dominated lines as the IL response diminishes. The natural frequency ratio further alters the vibration features. At <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>∗</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></math></span>, both CF and IL vibrations are suppressed, whereas at <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>∗</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, dual resonance occurs with amplified IL response, reversed asymmetric trajectories, and a pronounced third-harmonic component in lift force. Structural damping reduces both CF and IL amplitudes but has little effect on the dominant frequency. These findings provide necessary corrections to conclusions drawn from 1-DOF VIV and offer structural parameter references for engineering design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 191-203"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large language models for the marine environmental variables prediction","authors":"Pinzheng Hu ,&nbsp;Bo Ai ,&nbsp;Haolin Cai ,&nbsp;Zhen Wen ,&nbsp;Wenjun Feng ,&nbsp;Chongjun Feng ,&nbsp;Xue Liu ,&nbsp;Guannan Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring and predicting marine environmental variables are important for safeguarding livelihoods and the economy. Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in time series prediction because of their strong computational capabilities, and the application of LLMs to the prediction of marine environmental variables is an emerging area of research. However, LLM-based approaches often exhibit oscillations in prediction outputs and large deviations from observed values. To address these issues, we propose TimeLLM-BERT, a hybrid three-stage model based on feature extraction, autoregressive prediction, and error correction. The model incorporates a structured prompt module, a trend enhancement algorithm, and a residual-fitting optimization strategy, which significantly enhance prediction accuracy. To systematically evaluate the performance of the model, comparative experiments were conducted against LSTM, BiTCN, NBEATSx, iTransformer, NHITS, and Time-LLM models using four key variables: significant wave height (SWH), sea surface temperature (SST), temperature at 2 m above the sea surface (T2M), and wind field (WF). The results show that the performance of the model is significantly better than existing models, and the mean absolute error for SWH prediction is reduced by 24.7%. It also achieves stable performance in SST prediction and strong consistency in WF prediction compared with the existing models. Robustness and universality tests show that the error evaluation indicators exhibit low variation, demonstrating strong stability and generalization ability. In summary, TimeLLM-BERT offers significant improvements in accuracy and stability for predicting marine environmental variables, providing a new framework for modeling complex time series data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 204-221"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on underwater beamforming: Techniques, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Ruba Zaheer ,&nbsp;Quoc Viet Phung ,&nbsp;Iftekhar Ahmad ,&nbsp;Asma Aziz ,&nbsp;Daryoush Habibi ,&nbsp;Yue Rong ,&nbsp;Walid K Hasan","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper comprehensively reviews recent advancements in Underwater Beamforming (UWB) systems, highlighting its pivotal role in underwater communication, sensing, and environmental monitoring. It explores the various beamforming applications, ranging from maritime surveillance to marine life monitoring, and indicates its significance in enhancing signal clarity, spatial resolution, and noise suppression in underwater acoustic environments. The unique challenges posed by the underwater environment that introduce complexities into the beamforming process such as non-stationary noise interference, severe signal attenuation, multipath propagation, and dynamic environmental variability are thoroughly discussed. The review systematically discusses and examines conventional, adaptive, and learning-based beamforming techniques, analyzing their strengths, limitations, and suitability for various underwater conditions. A detailed analysis of Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation methods is provided. Furthermore, the review surveys the metrics commonly used to assess the performance of beamforming algorithms and compares their performance numerically. Emerging trends in beamforming, particularly the integration of data-driven machine learning approaches with traditional signal processing methods, are also discussed. The paper concludes by highlighting critical gaps in existing research and proposing future directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 58-77"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global and local behaviors of sand-steel interfaces subjected to cyclic and post-cyclic shear loading","authors":"Shuang Shu ,&nbsp;Wojciech Sumelka ,&nbsp;Zhitao Ye ,&nbsp;Yifei Sun ,&nbsp;Fei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sand-steel interface (SSI) behavior is crucial for the stability of offshore structures in marine environments. A series of cyclic and post-cyclic shear tests were conducted using a modified direct shear apparatus (MDSA), to examine both global and local SSI behaviors. Experimental visualization and image processing improvements enabled a comprehensive investigation of the influences of material properties and loading characteristics. Cyclic loading induced significant dilation-contraction alternations, with overall contraction predominating. Boundary conditions influenced the trends of cyclic shear stress, which stabilized after a specific loading cycles. Post-cyclic SSI exhibited notable dilation and stress-softening. Sands with improved gradation showed poor SSI strength development and more pronounced cyclic contraction. An optimal surface roughness for SSI strength development was identified. Dilation state lines, reflecting cyclic deformation, displayed a downward trend with progressive loading cycles. Friction angles, affected by displacement amplitude, underwent a weakening-strengthing-stabilizing process with cumulated shear displacement. Shear band thicknesses, sensitive to normal stress, surface roughness, and displacement amplitude, gradually stabilized with increased shear displacement. Grain microstructure evolution during cyclic shearing depended on the initial sand fabric. Fine grains migrated and collapsed during cyclic loading, combined with grains lying down, lubricating sand-sand friction. Insignificant macro-micro changes in SSI with a smooth plate indicated only sliding motion occurring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 238-256"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observing typhoon-driven upper ocean dynamics in the South China Sea using a virtual mooring underwater glider array: Methods and analysis","authors":"Shuangshuang Fan ,&nbsp;Peng Yuan ,&nbsp;Jiacheng Feng ,&nbsp;Huijun Huang ,&nbsp;Sheng Hu ,&nbsp;Zhongkuo Zhao ,&nbsp;Yu Zhu ,&nbsp;Kai Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and persistent observation of typhoon-induced upper ocean dynamics remains challenging due to strong currents and the limited station-keeping capability of autonomous platforms. This study proposes a learning-based virtual mooring framework using an underwater glider array to observe typhoon-driven processes in the South China Sea. A deep reinforcement learning approach based on the Dueling Double Deep Q-Network (D3QN) architecture is developed to improve station-keeping under dynamic flows and forecast uncertainties. Simulations involving 840,000 dive profiles across 400 sites show that the D3QN method achieves the lowest average station-keeping error (0.68 km), outperforming reactive and predictive strategies. Robustness tests confirm reliable performance under perturbed forecasts. Field experiments during typhoon conditions further demonstrate the feasibility of glider-based virtual mooring, and glider observations reveal pronounced upper-ocean responses, highlighting the framework’s utility for capturing typhoon-induced variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 33-57"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fishing ship trajectory prediction considering trajectory behavior characteristics","authors":"Jianwen Ma ,&nbsp;Zhaojun Chen ,&nbsp;Jingru Yuan ,&nbsp;Jinyu Li ,&nbsp;Guoxin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and accurately predicting the trajectory changes of fishing ships is of great significance for effectively preventing collisions between merchant and fishing ships and enhancing the safety supervision of fishing ships. Due to the problems that the existing methods for predicting the trajectories of fishing ships are few and have low accuracy, and the spatiotemporal interaction information and the characteristics of companion navigation of fishing ships are not fully utilized, a Space-Time-Transformer (ST-Transformer) model considering the spatiotemporal interaction and companion navigation behavior characteristics of fishing ship trajectories is proposed. This model is based on the Transformer framework and considers the trajectory information of fishing ships under navigation conditions, and through stacking Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN), it mines the multi-layer spatial interaction with surrounding ships. Meanwhile, in order to increase the model's ability to capture the behavior characteristics of convoy navigation of fishing ships and improve the accuracy of fishing ship trajectory prediction, the concept of companion loss function is proposed, and the Fréchet distance is used to measure the similarity of fishing ship trajectories, to better quantify the dynamic spatial-temporal distance between fishing ships from an overall perspective. Through the evaluation and comparative analysis of different experimental scenarios and experimental methods, the ST-Transformer model has exhibited excellent accuracy, robustness, and generalization ability, and can achieve fishing ship trajectory prediction with relatively high precision.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 163-179"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved hybrid Z-number Bayesian network approach to predict mooring line failure during cargo operations in ships","authors":"Murat Mert Tekeli ,&nbsp;M. Fatih Gulen ,&nbsp;Emre Akyuz ,&nbsp;Ângelo P. Teixeira","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mooring operations are considered one of the most high-risk activities in cargo ship operations due to the complex interplay of human factors, equipment condition and environmental factors. This paper investigates quantitatively the mooring line risk during cargo operations in ships. To achieve this purpose, a robust practical approach integrating improved Z-numbers and a Bayesian network is proposed to perform probabilistic risk analysis. In the approach, whilst improved Z-numbers are employed to model uncertainty more effectively, considering both the probability of failure and the confidence in the data, the Bayesian network is used to analyse causal relationships and update risk assessments dynamically based on real-time operational data and environmental conditions. The proposed approach enhances predictive accuracy, enabling ship crews or technical ship inspectors to make informed decisions on mitigating risks under uncertain and variable conditions. The findings of the paper show that the mooring line failure probability during cargo operations is 0.015, and the root cause, “failure to adapt to tidal conditions”, is the main contributing factor. The proposed risk assessment approach provides valuable contributions for implementing proactive risk mitigation strategies and enhancing operational safety in cargo operations in maritime transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 141-153"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase plane bifurcation analysis of water wave dynamics in the simplified modified Camassa–Holm model with friction and wind effects","authors":"Md. Ekramul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Abde Mannaf ,&nbsp;Mst. Tania Khatun ,&nbsp;Md. Azizur Rahman ,&nbsp;M. Ali Akbar ,&nbsp;Udoy S. Basak","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The simplified modified Camassa–Holm equation plays a pivotal role in modeling nonlinear wave dynamics across diverse fields, including optical fibers, biological transport, plasma physics, and shallow water flows. Its unique mathematical structure captures essential features of wave-breaking phenomena, peakon interactions, and dispersive effects that are crucial for understanding real-world wave behavior. Motivated by the need to predict extreme wave events and design efficient wave energy systems, this study investigates how external forces such as friction and wind influence wave dynamics. We explore rich dynamical transitions through a detailed bifurcation analysis. Our systematic investigation reveals critical thresholds in parameter space where small changes in forcing conditions lead to dramatic transformations in wave behavior. We identify key equilibrium states, nodes, foci, centres, and saddle points, that govern the system’s response, leading to the discovery of novel wave solutions, including kink-like waves, periodic structures, and breather-like solitons. These soliton shapes have potential applications in coastal protection, energy harvesting from waves, and signal modulation in nonlinear optical systems, highlighting their practical significance. These solutions are rigorously validated through numerical simulations and stability analysis, confirming their physical relevance across different parameter regimes. The solutions are derived in exact analytical forms using hyperbolic and trigonometric functions, revealing how parameter variations trigger qualitative shifts in wave patterns. Specifically, we demonstrate how the wind parameter <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span> controls wave amplification while the friction parameter <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span> governs energy dissipation, providing a complete picture of their competing effects on wave evolution. Our findings deepen the theoretical understanding of nonlinear waves while offering practical insights for coastal engineering, climate modeling, signal transmission, and wave energy systems. By explicitly linking solution families to potential engineering applications, this study provides a framework for designing devices that exploit specific soliton structures to achieve targeted wave control and energy efficiency. The methodology developed here can be readily extended to other nonlinear dispersive systems, opening new avenues for investigating wave-structure interactions in various physical contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive RBF network based sliding mode controller with novel switching term for hovering deep sea mining vehicle trajectory tracking","authors":"Jialuan Xiao ,&nbsp;Zida Shan ,&nbsp;Junjun Cao ,&nbsp;Yanjie Sun ,&nbsp;Yang Cao ,&nbsp;Xinguang Du ,&nbsp;Baoheng Yao ,&nbsp;Caoyang Yu ,&nbsp;He Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hovering deep-sea mining provides a new direction for deep-sea nodule mining; however, accurate trajectory tracking of hovering mining vehicle remains a key challenge. This paper presents an adaptive RBF network sliding mode controller (ARBFNNSMC) for trajectory tracking of hovering mining vehicles. The ARBFNNSMC control loop features an RBF network to compensate for lumped external disturbance and system uncertainty, online adjustment of the RBF network parameters are achieved via adaptive laws derived based on Lyapunov function to guarantee closed-loop stability. In addition, a new type of smooth switching term is proposed on the basis of the plate-pole capacitor model for reduced chattering and adopted in ARBFNNSMC. To assess control performance and robustness, numerical simulations were performed based on three typical hovering mining trajectories. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller achieved excellent robustness in all simulation cases, attaining reduced tracking error, overshoot, and settling time with improved chattering suppression in control output. Compared to conventional sliding mode controller, the mean RMS tracking error and settling time were 30.9% and 61.8% lower, respectively, while the thrust oscillation was reduced by 57.3%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 13-32"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-layered heat source model for fiber laser welding of cryogenic steel","authors":"Changmin Pyo ,&nbsp;Jaewoong Kim ,&nbsp;Hyunseok Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joes.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simulation models can be effectively used to predict welding distortion and residual stress in laser welding systems. To this end, developing a sophisticated heat source model for finite element analysis (FEA) is crucial. This study proposes a novel multi-layered heat source model for FEA to predict the melting zone of the welds in fiber laser welding. The proposed model has multiple degrees of freedom sufficient to simulate various heat sources. A systematic approach by solving inverse problems with global optimization is devised to estimate heat source model parameters. To achieve this, a simplified FEA model is incorporated to accelerate the simulation process. Experimental results using 9% nickel steel indicate that the proposed framework provides more accurate predictions on the melting zone of the welds than existing methods while reducing the computational cost by 1/2000. The proposed framework can be used by field engineers to find the relevant heat source subjected to on-site welding conditions, minimizing trials and errors. With this method, fast and accurate welding simulations can be performed, ultimately leading to improved productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48514,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"Pages 326-343"},"PeriodicalIF":11.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}