3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2023-0082

Carina Almario, Tamali Nag, David L. Bryce

{"title":"Chemical shift tensors as probes of chalcogen bonds: solid-state NMR study of telluradiazole-XCN<sup>−</sup> (X = O, S, Se) salt cocrystals","authors":"Carina Almario, Tamali Nag, David L. Bryce","doi":"10.1139/facets-2023-0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2023-0082","url":null,"abstract":"We report experimental 125 Te magic-angle spinning solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) measurements of the tellurium chemical shift (CS) tensors in three [K(18-crown-6)] + 3,4-dicyano-1,2,5-telluradiazole-XCN − (X = O, S, Se) salt cocrystals featuring chalcogen bonds. These data are compared to those for pure 3,4-dicyano-1,2,5-telluradiazole (1). A reduction in the span of the 125 Te CS tensor is consistently noted in the salt cocrystals compared to pure 1. Isotopically 15 N-labelled [K(18-crown-6)] + [1-OC 15 N] − , which features a chalcogen bond between Te and the cyanate nitrogen atom, is synthesized using KOC 15 N, and the nitrogen CS tensors are measured for both samples via 15 N slow MAS NMR spectroscopy. Possible dynamic disorder of the cyanate ions in KOCN is ruled out. Two crystallographically distinct nitrogen sites are resolved for the salt cocrystal. Upon formation of [K(18-crown-6)] + [1-OC 15 N] − , the 15 N isotropic CS and CS tensor span both decrease relative to the values for pure KOC 15 N, and the axial symmetry of this tensor is lost. These findings are supplemented with a series of density functional theory calculations of magnetic shielding tensors using cluster models or periodic boundary conditions. Inclusion of spin–orbit relativistic effects in the calculation of tellurium shielding tensors is particularly important in achieving agreement with experiment.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134890324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction method of soil horizontal displacement caused by non-uniform distribution of disturbance force in shield construction 盾构施工扰动力不均匀分布引起的土体水平位移预测方法

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0197

Baoxin Jia, Zong-xian Gao, Hong-yan Hua

{"title":"Prediction method of soil horizontal displacement caused by non-uniform distribution of disturbance force in shield construction","authors":"Baoxin Jia, Zong-xian Gao, Hong-yan Hua","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0197","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the Mindlin solution, this paper considers the influence of factors such as the non-uniform distribution of additional thrust of the cutter head influenced by lateral earth pressure in shield excavation, the non-uniform distribution of friction of shield shell influenced by soil softening and slurry spreading, and the non-uniform distribution of grouting pressure influenced by slurry spreading on the horizontal displacement of soil. The existing prediction formula is revised and verified by engineering examples. It is found that: affected by the shield construction disturbance force, the horizontal displacement behind the excavation surface is larger than that in front of the excavation surface, and the peak value of the horizontal displacement appears around the tunnel axis; through the verification of engineering case, when calculating the horizontal displacement in front of the excavation surface, the calculation results of both the modified formula and the original formula are in good agreement with the measured values, which can reflect the change trend of the measured horizontal displacement; when calculating the horizontal displacement behind the excavation surface, the calculation result of the existing formula has a great error due to the assumption of uniform distribution of disturbance force, which is different from the law of the measured result; the calculation result of the modified prediction formula is obviously in better agreement with the measured deformation value, and the error is smaller, which is more in line with the engineering reality.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45638457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can fisheries be “regenerative”? Adapting agroecological concepts for fisheries and the blue economy 渔业可以“再生”吗？适应渔业和蓝色经济的农业生态概念

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2023-0011

P. Loring

引用次数: 0

Balancing privacy with access to information for commercial fisheries data: A critical review of Fisheries and Oceans Canada’s “rule of five” policy 平衡商业渔业数据的隐私与信息获取：对加拿大渔业和海洋部“五条规则”政策的批判性审查

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0153

Nicole Tomasic

{"title":"Balancing privacy with access to information for commercial fisheries data: A critical review of Fisheries and Oceans Canada’s “rule of five” policy","authors":"Nicole Tomasic","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0153","url":null,"abstract":"Although Canada’s oceans are a public resource, commercial fisheries data are routinely withheld from researchers and the general public by Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) due to privacy obligations. However, data can be released if considered sufficiently de-personalized through an internal guideline called the “rule of five,” under which data sources are aggregated to a threshold of five to allow for data publication or disclosure. This article provides an overview of the “rule of five,” summarizes key legislative provisions that have bearing on the “rule” and potential for its reform, and discusses the findings from two tools used to collect information on the “rule” and its use in Canada: (1) an Access to Information and Privacy request and (2) an anonymous survey conducted to evaluate the impacts of the “rule” on various stakeholders. The “rule of five” is not mandatory but rather represents a conservative approach to access to information that can be detrimental to independent researchers and the public interest in transparent fisheries data. The article concludes with recommendations to further a rebalancing of privacy and access to information, including emphasizing existing legislative exemptions that could allow for data disclosure when the “rule of five” is not met.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47606822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

British Columbia freshwater salmon hatcheries demonstrate minimal contribution to piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) regional occurrence with no evidence for nonendemic strain introductions 不列颠哥伦比亚省淡水鲑鱼孵化场对鱼类正呼肠孤病毒(PRV)区域发生的贡献最小，没有证据表明非地方性菌株的引入

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0218

M. Polinski, Colleen A. Haddad, A. Siah, Chad Fuller, M. Higgins, Jay Parsons

{"title":"British Columbia freshwater salmon hatcheries demonstrate minimal contribution to piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) regional occurrence with no evidence for nonendemic strain introductions","authors":"M. Polinski, Colleen A. Haddad, A. Siah, Chad Fuller, M. Higgins, Jay Parsons","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0218","url":null,"abstract":"Piscine orthoreovirus genotype 1 (PRV-1) is a common virus in farmed and wild salmon in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Its regional occurrence in freshwater is far less clear. From 2019 to 2021, tissues of 5619 juvenile anadromous salmon (primarily Atlantic, Chinook, and coho) sampled from 12 commercial and 27 enhancement British Columbia hatcheries during 83 sampling events were screened for PRV-1 prior to seawater entry. More than 2200 (∼40%) were also screened using a Pan-PRV assay targeting all known PRV genotypes. PRV-1 was detected in four coho salmon at two freshwater enhancement facilities and in one Chinook salmon at a commercial facility. Partial (S1 segment) genome sequencing identified detections to be of the PRV-1 subgenotype endemic to the northeastern Pacific. PRV-1 was not detected (5611 individuals; 99.9%) or test results were inconclusive (3 individuals; 0.05%) for all remaining samples screened for PRV-1. PRV-2 and PRV-3 were not detected using the Pan-PRV assay. It is concluded that commercial and enhancement freshwater hatcheries of British Columbia contribute minimally to the prevalence and persistence of PRV-1 in anadromous salmon of the northeastern Pacific, and these hatcheries appear not to have contracted or participated in the distribution of nonendemic forms of PRV in recent years.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41374753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Considering the implications of climate-induced species range shifts in marine protected areas planning 考虑气候引起的物种范围变化对海洋保护区规划的影响

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0041

C. Whitney, W. Cheung, Natalie Ban

{"title":"Considering the implications of climate-induced species range shifts in marine protected areas planning","authors":"C. Whitney, W. Cheung, Natalie Ban","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0041","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is affecting the ocean, altering the biogeography of marine species. Yet marine protected area (MPA) planning still rarely incorporates projected species range shifts. We used the outputs of species distribution models fitted with biological and climate data as inputs to identify trends in occurrence for marine species in British Columbia (BC), Canada. We assessed and compared two ways of incorporating climate change projections into MPA planning. First, we overlaid 98 species with modelled distributions now and by the mid-21st century under two contrasting (“no mitigation” and “strong mitigation”) climate change scenarios with existing Provincial marine parks in BC, to ask which species could overlap with protected areas in the future. Second, we completed a spatial prioritization analysis using Marxan with the projected future species ranges as inputs, to ask where priority regions exist for the 98 marine species. We found that many BC marine parks will lose species in both climate scenarios that we analyzed, and that protecting 30% of important marine species will be challenging under the “no mitigation” climate change scenario. Challenges included the coarse resolution of the data and uncertainty in projecting species range shifts.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45262700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of sociodemographic and environmental factors on wildlife carcass submissions in urban areas: Opportunities for increasing equitable and representative wildlife health surveillance 社会人口和环境因素对城市地区野生动物尸体提交的影响：加强公平和有代表性的野生动物健康监测的机会

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0137

J. Giacinti, S. J. Robinson, Shannon K. French, D. Pearl, C. Jardine

{"title":"The influence of sociodemographic and environmental factors on wildlife carcass submissions in urban areas: Opportunities for increasing equitable and representative wildlife health surveillance","authors":"J. Giacinti, S. J. Robinson, Shannon K. French, D. Pearl, C. Jardine","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0137","url":null,"abstract":"Wildlife health surveillance is important in rapidly expanding urban areas, where wildlife live in close association with humans and face unique health risks. Urban areas are not homogeneous, and social and environmental factors may affect the distribution of surveillance data we receive from these environments. The Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC) operates a national wildlife surveillance programme that receives carcass submissions for diagnostic evaluation. Our objective was to evaluate sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with CWHC submissions within two cities in Ontario, Canada. Submissions were mapped at two geographic scales and linked with census and environmental data. The results of mixed multivariable Poisson and negative binomial regression analyses suggest that natural (e.g., percent parkland) and anthropogenic environmental (e.g., presence of a zoo) and social variables (e.g., low income) are associated with submissions at both administratively relevant scales. Associations that are common across scales may represent robust intervention points and inform surveillance methodology/messaging. Surveillance data may influence public health policy, wildlife management, and other decision-making regarding the benefits/risks associated with coexistence with wildlife. This study highlights gaps in surveillance methodology that may prevent equal opportunity for participation in wildlife health surveillance and enable equal opportunity to benefit from the associated outputs.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45549130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward a wild pollinator strategy for Canada: expert-recommended solutions and policy levers 加拿大野生传粉昆虫战略：专家建议的解决方案和政策杠杆

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0204

Rachel A. Nalepa, S. Colla

{"title":"Toward a wild pollinator strategy for Canada: expert-recommended solutions and policy levers","authors":"Rachel A. Nalepa, S. Colla","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0204","url":null,"abstract":"Invertebrate pollinators are in trouble: particularly documented are declines among bees and butterflies. Interacting stressors include pesticides, pathogens, habitat loss, nonnative species, and climate change. Many governments have strategies to reduce negative pressures on pollinators, but Canada does not despite widespread public interest in pollinator health. This study serves as a needs assessment for science-based policy solutions for wild pollinator conservation in Canada. We designed a Policy Delphi survey technique to identify solutions that experts deem both desirable and feasible. Our secondary aim was to identify research priorities that would inform the implementation of these solutions. Sixty % of the 83 unique solutions were supported and feasible at a high consensus level (10% were “strongly” supported and “definitely” feasible). General themes included improving the Canadian government's approach in assessing pesticide risk to pollinators, curbing pathogen spillover/spillback between managed and wild pollinators, and reducing the reliance of Canadian agricultural systems on pesticides, among others. We discuss solutions in reference to pollinator conservation policies recommended by the broader scientific community and identify policy levers within the context of Canada's highly decentralized approach to biodiversity conservation/management and a political economy that uses high numbers of managed, mostly nonnative bees for pollination services.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45554432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comments regarding “A Canadian model for providing high-quality, timely and relevant evidence to meet health system decision-maker needs: the SPOR Evidence Alliance.” 关于“提供高质量、及时和相关证据以满足卫生系统决策者需求的加拿大模式:SPOR证据联盟”的评论。

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0088

C. D. Morales-Plaza, Ivan E. Balanta-Gonzalíaz

引用次数: 0

Funding change: An environmental scan of research funders’ knowledge translation strategic plans and initiatives across 10 high-income countries/regions 资助变化:10个高收入国家/地区研究资助者知识转化战略计划和举措的环境扫描

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0124

C. Fahim, Danielle Kasperavicius, Robyn Beckett, Keelia Quinn de Launay, Arthana Chandraraj, Amanda Crupi, Suvabna Theivendrampillai, Sharon E. Straus

{"title":"Funding change: An environmental scan of research funders’ knowledge translation strategic plans and initiatives across 10 high-income countries/regions","authors":"C. Fahim, Danielle Kasperavicius, Robyn Beckett, Keelia Quinn de Launay, Arthana Chandraraj, Amanda Crupi, Suvabna Theivendrampillai, Sharon E. Straus","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0124","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge translation (KT) is the science and practice of dissemination and implementation of evidence. We describe how research funders operationalize and evaluate KT initiatives, identify challenges and opportunities, and suggest strategic considerations for KT support. We conducted an environmental scan, which included a systematic search of published and grey literature and a focus group with Canadian funders. A total of 130 published articles and 2415 grey literature sources were screened; 212 unique data sources were included. Published literature commonly described KT initiatives related to “KT practice and science funding.” These initiatives commonly provided funds for infrastructure development (e.g., clinical technologies, database subscriptions) to facilitate translational or applied research to address regional health priorities. Of the articles, 44% outlined an evaluation plan; few provided validated KT metrics. In the grey literature, 364 initiatives were described; the most commonly described initiatives related to “exchange and integrated KT.” Focus group participants hoped to see increased resources to support KT, exchange opportunities with policy/decision-makers, and evaluate KT initiatives. Funders completed various KT initiatives, which tended to engage stakeholders to set research priorities, collaborate with a range of stakeholders, build KT capacity, and mandate KT requirements. We provide six considerations for funders to support KT.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64711519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

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