Research Policy最新文献

{"title":"Tracing entrepreneurial spillovers: Evidence from the U.S. State Small Business Credit initiative and Kickstarter","authors":"Ouafaa Hmaddi ,&nbsp;Lauren Lanahan ,&nbsp;Alex Murray","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper delves into the multi-faceted relationship between large-scale institutional programs designed to alleviate financial constraints for small businesses and their extended impact on surrounding entrepreneurial ecosystems. We explore if and how entrepreneurial spillovers may occur through different channels which collectively stimulate market competition, promote latent ideas, and influence resource allocation for early-stage entrepreneurial activity. We contribute to the measurement of entrepreneurial spillovers by tracing the often-overlooked aspect of failed entrepreneurial outcomes, while also tracing successes. In addition, we unpack how, where, and when such spillovers occur. By leveraging the staggered entry of the US State Small Business Credit Initiative, we estimate the differential effect of program entry on Kickstarter activity at the US county level. We report positive and economically meaningful spillovers across the range of successful and failed outcomes. Moreover, we find that increasing the scope of disbursement from the large-scale institutional program (i.e., disbursement of smaller funding rations to more small business recipients) rather than scale (i.e., disbursement of larger funding rations to fewer small business recipients) accelerates entrepreneurial spillovers; we identify a complementary effect for counties with greater resource endowments; and we identify various lags of impact (i.e., a two-year lag for failed outcomes and three-year lag for successful outcomes) attesting to dynamic trends in timing of the spillover return. This study contributes to the literature on spillovers from large-scale institutional programs and offers implications for practice and policy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105197"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A processual approach to skill changes in digital automation: The case of the platform economy in the service sector","authors":"Jack Linzhou XING ,&nbsp;Naubahar SHARIF","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce the “processual approach” to skill changes in the current wave of digital automation, which imposes comprehensive and complex impacts on skills. The approach conceptualizes work as a set of processes, each consisting of a sequence of events. In each event, a worker and/or machine make judgments and take actions to move to the next event. The processual approach asks whether and how machines influence workers' judgments or actions during each event and interrupt or transform relationships between judgments and actions. The approach enables micro-to-middle-range, inductive theorization of skill changes. To further refine the approach and demonstrate how to apply the approach, we study the case of taxi and ride-hailing, finding that service skill changes emphasize the repositioning and refocusing of skills and the interruption of workers' micro-adaptations rather than the replacement or elimination of skills. We also compare our theory with the classic Zuboffian reskilling thesis, revealing that the dual potential—automating and informating—of the current automation technologies influence distinct and separate parts of organizations, excluding platform workers from opportunities to learn transferable skills. The processual approach avoids pre-assigned and hierarchical categorization of skills, adopts a symmetric view of the role of technological and social factors in skill changes, and applies to a wide spectrum of work, especially service work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105190"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genealogical academic inbreeding and its effect on performance: Evidence for scientists at Dutch universities (1815–1943)","authors":"Giovanna Capponi,&nbsp;Koen Frenken","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most view academic inbreeding as detrimental to academic careers. We argue that the effects of inbreeding on individual careers depend on the stage of the lifecycle of local research programs at universities. We propose a new ‘genealogical’ view whereby scientists are considered ‘inbred’ if their PhD was supervised by a professor who holds a PhD from the same university and within the same discipline. We can then measure ‘genealogical academic inbreeding’ by reconstructing the number of generations of inbreds preceding an individual scholar at the time of PhD training. We test the effect of inbreeding on seven academic performance indicators for 473 scientists at Dutch universities during the period 1815–1943. We further investigate the main local research programs across disciplines and universities in The Netherlands using historical sources. Our analysis provides evidence that inbreeding generally enhances academic performance, but only in the early lifecycle stages of a new intellectual movement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105194"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cluster-based routines and paradigm-bound innovation","authors":"Pengfei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper explores the limitations of innovation in clusters, proposing that innovation advantages of clusters are contingent upon technological paradigms. Technological paradigms manifest in the heuristics of ‘how to do things’ and ‘how to improve them’ in a domain, embedded in organizational routines. The paper argues that new product development routines can be enacted in clusters, turning into cluster-based routines. Cluster-based routines are efficient in guiding search for rapid solutions within established technological trajectories but become ineffective during paradigm shifts. Consequently, cluster-based routines tend to promote paradigm-bound innovation rather than paradigm-setting innovation. Using an original, product-level database of mobile handsets in China from 2007 to 2016 — a period which witnessed a paradigm transition from feature phones to smartphones — the study presents robust evidence that being in a dominant cluster in Shenzhen has a positive impact on product innovation in the feature phone regime but casts significantly negative effects on paradigm transition and subsequent innovation in the smartphone era. The findings indicate that the temporal and spatial processes of innovation are deeply interwoven.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 3","pages":"Article 105192"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The governance of open science: A comparative analysis of two open science consortia","authors":"Ellen Abrams ,&nbsp;Paolo V. Leone ,&nbsp;Alberto Cambrosio ,&nbsp;Samer Faraj","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent open science efforts recognize that the efficient, credible, and transparent development of scientific knowledge relies on the capacity to verify and reuse the “intermediate resources” employed throughout the research process, including data, computer code, and other research material. Prior research has shown that the disclosure of such resources is often hindered by the incentives and disincentives perceived by individual scientists. Beyond the level of individual incentives, however, the sharing of intermediate resources is obstructed by the governance norms that inform these incentives in the first place, such as the norms of authorship and evaluation. Thus, our central research question asks how the limitations of the established norms of authorship and evaluation are addressed at the organizational level within open science consortia that are premised on the sharing of intermediate resources. Drawing on qualitative methods, we present an in-depth comparative analysis of two open science consortia–the Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform (CONP) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)–that illustrates how the limitations of the established norms of authorship and evaluation are navigated in brain and cancer research, respectively. Our findings show that the governance mechanisms designed and implemented in CONP and TCGA reflect two distinct forms of governance, one distributed and the other layered, which are characterized by different understandings of scientific authorship and evaluation. Our study thus contributes to ongoing debates on open science and the governance of scientific collaboration by shedding light on the relationship between governance forms and variable conceptions of authorship and evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 3","pages":"Article 105195"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143312004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dominance of leading business schools in top journals: Insights for increasing institutional representation","authors":"Rodrigo Romero-Silva ,&nbsp;Erika Marsillac ,&nbsp;Sander de Leeuw","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The competitive push for business schools to publish in prestigious journals has resulted in a disproportionate number of papers in prestigious Management and Operations Research/Management Science (OR/MS) journals coming from a select group of institutions. Our analysis shows the Matthew effect of prestigious journals favors established schools with 51.2 % of papers in 18 Management ABS 4* journals and 61.3 % of papers in 3 OR/MS ABS 4* journals involving authors from the 100 top business schools identified by the University of Texas at Dallas (UTD). Citation patterns are similarly concentrated among papers authored by scholars from UTD-listed business schools, with nearly 80 % of citations from 4* Management journals directed to equally rated 4* Management journals (67.8 % for 4* OR/MS journals). An initial regression analysis suggested a positive correlation between the percentage of papers in a journal attributed to authors affiliated with those leading business schools and journal citation performance. However, further examination using multi-level regression adjusted for journal prestige, using the ABS and FT50 lists, showed a negative interaction effect on citation rates for papers from these schools in prestigious OR/MS journals. This insightful finding was confirmed by a post-hoc comparison revealing no significant citation advantage in prestigious journals for papers from leading business schools over those from a broader range of institutions. Thus, while leading business schools benefit from disproportionate space in prestigious journals, this does not translate to a citation advantage for the journals themselves, indicating no Matthew effect at the journal level driven by these schools. We argue that our findings show a unique opportunity for prestigious journals and business schools to expand collaborations with institutions in geographies historically underrepresented without a significant impact on the citation performance of those journals. This inclusion would only benefit research excellence, as our results demonstrate convergence in citation rates, citation patterns on external research areas, and topics across both subsets of papers—from leading institutions and those from a broader institutional spectrum—published in prestigious journals, indicating that diversifying contributions does not compromise the performance of these journals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 3","pages":"Article 105193"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143312003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Workforce sleep and corporate innovation","authors":"Gianni De Bruyn ,&nbsp;Paul G. Freed","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the relationship between workforce sleep and corporate innovative output. Using comprehensive data on average sleep durations and corporate patenting, we present robust evidence demonstrating that aggregate sleep deficits among employees, engineers, and scientists are associated with declines in corporate patent output. The results further suggest that the decreases in output are greater for novel, breakthrough patents. Reductions in workforce sleep are also associated with declines in total factor productivity at high research-oriented firms. For identification, we apply a spatial regression discontinuity design and a novel natural experiment which induce exogenous changes in workforce sleep durations. Our findings are consistent with the notion that sleep has important value for efficiency and creativity in a firm's innovative process. This work highlights the importance of flexible work policies that allow employees to adjust their schedule to fit their own natural sleep cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 3","pages":"Article 105191"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Great expectations: The promises and limits of innovation policy in addressing societal challenges","authors":"Mart Laatsit ,&nbsp;Markus Grillitsch ,&nbsp;Lea Fünfschilling","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the policy discourse on societal challenges, it has become common to think of innovation policy as a key tool for addressing societal challenges. However, we argue that innovation policy has limits to what it can do, and for it to remain a useful tool for tackling societal challenges, it is necessary to re-assess its role. Thus, this paper addresses the following research questions: To what extent and how do innovation policy instruments meet the augmented expectations on innovation policy to address grand societal challenges? How can innovation policy instruments best be mobilised to contribute to a system transformation that tackles societal challenges? We analyse the potential of innovation policy instruments for addressing transformative failures and develop a new take on how innovation policy can deal with wicked problems by targeting cumulative transformations and critical intervention points. Acknowledging both the potential and limitations of innovation policy, we make a proposition for how an ambitious innovation policy contributing to solving societal challenges may be conceived.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 3","pages":"Article 105184"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to science and innovation in the developing world","authors":"Alexander Cuntz ,&nbsp;Frank Mueller-Langer ,&nbsp;Alessio Muscarnera ,&nbsp;Prince C. Oguguo ,&nbsp;Marc Scheufen","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2024.105153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2024.105153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine the implications of lowering barriers to access to scientific publications for science and innovation in developing countries. Specifically, we investigate whether and how free or low-cost online access to scientific publications through the UN-led Access to Research for Health (Hinari) Programme leads to more scientific publications and clinical trials of authors affiliated with research institutions in developing countries. We find that free or reduced-fee access to health science literature increases the scientific publication output and clinical trial output of institutions in developing countries by about 41% and 21%, respectively. We also investigate the Hinari effect on scientific input, as measured by backward citations. Our results indicate that – while Hinari-related papers account for about 9% in total references on average – Hinari increases the average number of Hinari-related articles in total references by about 1 percentage point.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 3","pages":"Article 105153"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recessions, institutions, and regional exploration","authors":"Amit Kumar ,&nbsp;Elisa Operti","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates how recessions affect regional exploration, defined as innovation in technologies that extend beyond a region's existing knowledge base. By analyzing USPTO patent data from 2002 to 2015 across the United States, we demonstrate that regional exploration is counter-cyclical. We further examine whether changes in regional institutions – specifically, public R&amp;D, university R&amp;D, and banking – partially mediate the effect of recessions on regional exploration. Our results indicate that only the increasing predominance of international banks in regional banking systems serves a partial mediator. These findings broaden our understanding of how business cycles impact innovation, suggesting that recessions may encourage the creation of new technological trajectories within regions. Furthermore, our study identifies which institutional factors during recessions support regional exploration, enhancing a region's potential for future growth and adaptability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 3","pages":"Article 105189"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}