Research Policy最新文献

{"title":"The impacts of U.S. Section 337 investigations on Chinese technology firms","authors":"Jiani Fan ,&nbsp;Xiuping Hua ,&nbsp;Miao Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Huayi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the valuation impact of investigations related to the alleged infringement of American intellectual property (IP) rights, specifically Section 337 investigations, on Chinese technology firms. Evidence suggests that the stock market responds negatively to announcements of Section 337 investigations in the short term; however, the long-term price impact varies significantly across firms. When focal firms actively formulate strategic adaptations, such as increasing R&amp;D investments, diversifying international sales, and seeking government support, they enhance their dynamic capabilities, thereby fostering long-term value creation. Moreover, further analysis shows that state-owned enterprises (SOEs) underperform private firms in strategic adaptation and value creation, while firms without venture capital (VC) backing are also worse positioned than VC-backed firms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 5","pages":"Article 105210"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death squad or quality improvement? The impact of introducing post-grant review on U.S. patent legal quality","authors":"Arianna Martinelli,&nbsp;Julia Mazzei","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate how the introduction of post-grant reviews at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office through the America Invents Act (AIA) has influenced the behavior of patent applicants and examiners. This reform may incentivize applicants to narrow the scope of their patents, thereby reducing the risk of post-grant reviews and enhancing patent legal quality. To test this hypothesis, we employ a standard Difference-in-Differences (DID) analysis and find that applicants are more likely to narrow the scope of their patents. This change has resulted in fewer challenges to U.S. patents, yielding estimated annual savings of 62 to 148 million. When applicants do not preemptively narrow the scope during filing, we observe tougher scrutiny during the examination process, as examiners effectively compensate for the applicant’s lack of action. However, this “disciplinary effect” of narrowing patent scope is absent in complex fields characterized by patent thickets, where the reform does not lead to significant improvements in U.S. patent legal quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 5","pages":"Article 105205"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CEO career horizon and innovation: A u-shaped tale of short-term profits and long-term legacy","authors":"Youngbin Joo,&nbsp;Dimitrios Georgakakis,&nbsp;Jatinder S. Sidhu","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In strategic‑leadership research, there is much interest in the influence of CEO's career horizon (CCH) on firm's resource investments and performance. While one line of CCH research, the traditional view, suggests that the shortening of CCH will reduce CEO risk-taking and firm's investments in radical innovation, intriguingly, a second emerging line of CCH research suggests the very opposite. The traditional view rests on the idea that CEO behavior is driven by the potential of personal gains through short-term profit optimization. Contrarily, the emerging view reflects the position that CEO behavior is driven by the potential of leaving long-term legacy by setting societal interests above personal ones. Reconciling these views, we theorize a U-shaped relationship between CCH and the pursuit of radical innovations, which recognizes that CEO motivations do not stay constant or fixed over their career trajectory. We also theorize two boundary conditions likely to attenuate this relationship: busyness of firm's board directors and firm's ownership by dedicated institutional investors. The study tests these ideas in the oil and gas industry, in which firms have opportunity to pursue radical innovations centering on renewable energies as well as incremental innovations centering on pollution reduction using traditional fossil fuels. Analysis of fifteen years of patent data for a panel of 105 firms shows support for our predictions. We discuss the study's contributions to research and practice, and its implications for policymaking to speed up transition to net-zero solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 5","pages":"Article 105216"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OrgTech: Evidence of organizational innovations in patent data","authors":"Valery Yakubovich ,&nbsp;Shuping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organization theorists have long claimed that organizational innovations are nontechnological, in part, because they are unpatentable. We show that the rise of organizational software (OrgSoft) opens opportunities for embodying organizational knowledge in digital tools and thus turns organizational innovations (OrgInn) into technological ones (TechInn) that are patentable. Applying machine learning algorithms to US patent data, we identify 205,434 US patent applications for OrgSoft submitted between 1971 and 2020. Among them, 141,285 applications or 68.8 % represent OrgInn. Our analysis shows how these innovations contribute to OrgSoft's patenting and thus recognition as TechInn. Specifically, organizational innovations enhance novelty and nonobviousness of the invention but raise concerns about the inventor's ability to embody these ideas in practical tools transferable across organizational contexts. We conclude that the present-day digital transformation turns the general debate about organizational innovations being technologies into the specific challenge of designing practical tools that embody novel ideas about organizing and make them applicable across a variety of contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 5","pages":"Article 105209"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Richard R Nelson (1930–2025): Evolutionary economist and innovation scholar","authors":"Ben R. Martin ,&nbsp;W. Edward Steinmueller","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article attempts to set out systematically Richard Nelson's contributions to the economics of innovation and to the emerging field of innovation studies. While focusing mainly on his fundamental research contributions, it also examines his impact on policy as well as his work supervising students and mentoring young researchers. In addition, it highlights his role at the centre of an expanding international network of scholars working to build the field of innovation studies over the last 60 years, and helping to imbue it with a set of values emphasizing openness, collaboration and intellectual generosity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105211"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does patent fee reform lower the bar? Evidence from the deferred patent examination system in Japan","authors":"Masayo Kani ,&nbsp;Yoichiro Nishimura","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The patent fee system is a substantial policy tool that enables the quality control of patents. In this study, we empirically examine whether the 2011 patent reform in Japan, which reduced the level of patent examination fees, has had a negative effect on the quality of pre-examination patents and post-examination patents. Using a difference-in-differences approach with comprehensive Japanese patent data, we find that even if there has been a negative effect of the 2011 patent reform on the quality of pre-examination patents, its impact has been very limited. In contrast, we find no negative effect of the 2011 patent reform on the quality of post-examination patents. We also find that the negative impact of the 2011 patent reform can be observed only in the lower tail of the patent quality index distribution, not in the upper tail. Thus, we conclude that the detrimental effect of the reform on patent quality in Japan has been negligible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105208"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the degree of early-stage failure on entrepreneurial pivoting and success: Evidence from crowdfunding","authors":"Luca Berchicci ,&nbsp;Mark Boons","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entrepreneurs often respond to early-stage failure by pivoting their nascent ventures. While the nature of the experienced failure is likely to play a crucial role in determining how an entrepreneur will respond, it remains unclear how different failure experiences influence entrepreneurs to engage in different types of pivots. This study explores how the <em>degree</em> of failure affects the extent to which entrepreneurs engage in market positioning pivots, by targeting a different customer segment, and/or in campaign narrative pivots, where they change the narrative about how the venture will fulfil a relevant customer need. Using data from 8262 crowdfunding campaign pairs, each consisting of an initial failed campaign and a subsequent campaign on Kickstarter's reward-based crowdfunding platform<strong>,</strong> we investigate how the degree of early-stage failure affects the extent to which entrepreneurs engage in these two types of pivots. We also explore the impact of these pivots on subsequent crowdfunding campaign success. Our findings indicate that the greater the failure, the more substantial the narrative pivot, whereas the likelihood of a market positioning pivot only greatly increases after experiencing very severe failures. Contrary to our expectations, both pivots are negatively associated with subsequent campaign success. Post-hoc analyses reveal that when entrepreneurs pivoted, instead of becoming more similar to successful campaigns, they tended to move away from the strategies of successful campaigns. The findings of this exploratory study highlight the important role of the failure experience in understanding different types of entrepreneurial pivots. They also suggest that researchers might want to revisit the widely held assumption that pivoting away from a failing position inherently improves a venture's chances of success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105206"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The female finance penalty: Why are women less successful in academic finance than related fields?","authors":"Chris Brooks ,&nbsp;Lisa Schopohl ,&nbsp;Ran Tao ,&nbsp;James Walker ,&nbsp;Millie Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the publication patterns of male and female finance scholars, contrasting them with their counterparts in the related fields of accounting, economics and general management by analysing a large sample of more than 400,000 journal outputs spanning over two decades. We show that, in particularly stark contrast to accounting and management publications, women are vastly under-represented as authors of finance ones. Further, our results demonstrate that work produced by female finance academics is published in lower-rated journals and garners fewer citations, a phenomenon we refer to as the ‘female finance penalty’. We find that the topics on which women in academic finance work and the methodological approaches they use are highly associated with this penalty. In particular, we show that female finance authors are more likely to engage in interdisciplinary and qualitative work, and to investigate topics that are linked with lower research success. Moreover, when it comes to journal placement, we find that female-authored work in finance is ‘penalised’ more for its interdisciplinarity than that authored by men. Finally, we show that female finance authors are less likely to be affiliated to US-based or highly ranked institutions – factors that typically increase both publication success and future citation – and when they are, there is some evidence that their citation rates are less likely to benefit from these affiliations than those of their male colleagues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105207"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology discontinuation as a continuous process: diesel, sustainability, and the politics of delay","authors":"Stefania Sardo ,&nbsp;Sebastian M. Pfotenhauer","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discontinuation of technologies - such as combustion engines, coal and nuclear power generation, or certain types of plastics - has become central to debates on sustainability, public health, and safety. Much of the existing literature and policy discourse, however, treats discontinuation as a discrete, well-defined phase at the end of a technology's lifecycle and as the implicit flipside of technology introduction. In this article, we propose conceptualizing discontinuation as a continuous process that unfolds throughout the entirety of a technology's lifespan, playing a critical role in its long-term survival. Drawing on a longitudinal, in-depth case study of diesel cars in Europe, we analyze how significant discontinuation pressures have existed for decades, repeatedly challenging, destabilizing, reconfiguring, and ultimately re-stabilizing diesel as a socio-technical system. We present a framework that captures how discontinuation efforts emerge, gain credibility, evolve, or are dismissed in relation to broader, stable imaginaries of socially desirable futures. In the case of diesel, we find that discontinuation efforts and counter-efforts specifically engaged two competing imaginaries of sustainability - one focused on local air quality and the other on global climate change - which allowed actors to strategically frame and rationalize the technology in ways that served their interests. By viewing discontinuation controversies as an inherent and continuous feature of a technology's durability, new policy options come to the fore. These include the need to shift the focus from the technology in question to what persists underneath, challenging the stability of underlying sustainability framings rather than merely reacting to moments of crisis. It also entails scrutinizing the politics of delay and the “technological neutrality”, which tend to favor continuation, and treating discontinuation policy more seriously as a form of innovation policy supported by long-term strategies, toolkits, and equivalent levels of funding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105198"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More jobs for our foes? Global R&D strategy in the age of techno-nationalism","authors":"Hyungseok David Yoon ,&nbsp;Evis Sinani ,&nbsp;Marina Papanastassiou ,&nbsp;Ioannis G. Economou","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In light of rising techno-nationalism, MNEs (multinational enterprises) face heightened scrutiny over the legitimacy of their cross-border R&amp;D investments, especially in host countries with strained diplomatic relations with the MNEs' home countries. Drawing from a realism-based international relations perspective and legitimacy theory, our study explores the effect of diplomatic relations between home and host countries on MNEs' global R&amp;D strategy. We find that, in the face of adversarial diplomatic relations, MNEs increase their commitment to R&amp;D-related jobs as a strategy to gain legitimacy. This finding extends the R&amp;D internationalization literature by informing how MNEs navigate their efforts for legitimacy of their global R&amp;D investments in an era marked by techno-nationalism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 4","pages":"Article 105196"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}