Research Policy最新文献

{"title":"Spaces, forms, and levels engagement: Using the Powercube to explore social inclusion in digital energy and mobility systems","authors":"Marie Claire Brisbois ,&nbsp;Gerardo A. Torres Contreras ,&nbsp;Morten Ryen Loe ,&nbsp;Jessica Balest ,&nbsp;Adrian Smith ,&nbsp;Siddharth Sareen ,&nbsp;Håvard Haarstad ,&nbsp;Chiara Pellegrini ,&nbsp;Federico Voltolini ,&nbsp;Silvia Tomasi ,&nbsp;Sonia Gantioler ,&nbsp;Benjamin Sovacool","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy and mobility transitions are often coupled with digital innovations to meet decarbonisation goals. Enthusiasm for digitalisation arises from the belief that such technologies can democratize energy and mobility supply and use, empower homeowners and communities, maximise efficiencies, and generally improve quality of life. However, realising these benefits depends upon effective inclusion, strong governance, and clear conceptions of shared responsibilities and accountability. These features can be limited in practice. This study examines social inclusion in digital energy and mobility systems through a power lens, and based on extensive, original, mixed-methods data across three comparative case studies: smart and local energy systems in Brighton (UK); smart meter-enabled energy communities in Trento (Italy); and digitalisation of urban mobility systems in Bergen (Norway). Through Gaventa's “Powercube” approach, a combined analytical and co-productive tool, the study interrogates claims of equity, justice, and improved social outcomes. It examines the state of, and potential for, inclusion in digitalised energy systems. Methodologically, the paper presents insights into the Powercube method – currently underexplored in energy and mobility transition scholarship – by analysing its strengths and weaknesses in studying these contexts. Empirically, the paper discusses the potential of digitalisation to increase energy and mobility system inclusion, and what this means for energy and social outcomes. Findings highlight that, pursued in their current forms, digitalisation of energy and mobility systems is exacerbating existing inequalities, entrenching exclusive decision practices, and creating new closed off spaces as public energy data is moved into private ownership.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105323"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not like the others: Frontier scientists for inventive performance","authors":"Thomas Schaper ,&nbsp;Sam Arts ,&nbsp;Reinhilde Veugelers","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Linking scientific articles in PubMed and corporate biomedical U.S. patents, we study the role of inventors who are frontier scientists, identified as authors of recent articles in top-general biomedical journals. We find that inventions by these “frontier authors” receive more patent citations, are more likely to become technology hits, and have broad technology impact. They are also more likely to be internally further developed by the firm, hold greater private value, and feature broader claims—not only compared to inventions by non-author inventors but also to those by non-frontier authors, including “star” authors. This impact premium is especially strong in scaled-up young biopharmaceutical firms and for frontier authors internally employed at the patenting firm. To better understand the mechanism behind the impact premium of frontier-author patents, we analyze their boundary spanning role. We find that frontier-author patents are more likely to use and to be first users of frontier science. However, while frontier-author patents achieve peak impact when referencing frontier science, this advantage is comparable to other patents that reference frontier science. And as frontier-author patents also enjoy an impact premium on patents referencing other than frontier science, our results, thus, suggest that closeness to frontier science in only part of the story of the superior impact of inventions by frontier scientists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105339"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The paradox of competition: How funding models could undermine the uptake of data sharing practices","authors":"Thomas Klebel ,&nbsp;Federico Bianchi ,&nbsp;Tony Ross-Hellauer ,&nbsp;Flaminio Squazzoni","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although it is beneficial to scientific development, data sharing is still uncommon in many research areas. Various organisations, including funding agencies that endorse open science, are working to increase uptake. However, it is difficult to estimate the large-scale implications of different policy interventions on data sharing by funding agencies, especially in the context of intense competition among academics. In this study, we developed an agent-based simulation model to examine the impact of different funding schemes (e.g., highly competitive large grants versus distributive small grants), and the intensity of incentives on the uptake of data sharing by academic teams that adapt their strategy according to the context. Our results show that, in the short term, more competitive funding schemes may lead to higher rates of data sharing, but lower rates in the long term because the uncertainty associated with competitive funding negatively affects the cost/benefit ratio of data sharing. Conversely, more distributive grants imply a drastic reduction in initial uptake compared to more competitive funding schemes because they do not allow academic teams to cover the costs and time required for data sharing. However, they ensure higher long term uptake. Our findings suggest that any attempt to reform reward and recognition systems in line with open science principles must carefully consider the potential impact and long-term side effects of their proposed policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105340"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science knowledge localizes","authors":"B. Balsmeier ,&nbsp;S. Lück ,&nbsp;L. Fleming","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Science research and socio-economic advantage appear to co-locate geographically. As with technology knowledge spillovers, these benefits of science research are often ascribed to the localization of interpersonal science knowledge spillovers. Well-crafted causal designs have failed, however, to confirm knowledge spillovers in science or estimated the differences between technology and science spillovers. If published science did not localize – and was freely available to all – then firms would have little reason to locate near its source and nations little reason to fund science research. We isolate the mechanism of interpersonal spillovers and provide arguably causal evidence and quantitative visualization of the localization of science knowledge; following the unexpected departure of a scientist, and leveraging death as a quasi-natural experiment, papers without local co-authors receive 28 % fewer science paper, 45 % fewer medical paper, and 67 % fewer patent citations, from within a radius of 20 miles around the deceased, relative to still-living co-authors in other geographical locations. The effects first deepen and then attenuate with time, hold for within scientist estimations, and decrease monotonically up to 180 miles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105333"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How intermediaries manage knowledge to support public procurement of innovation: The case of UK defence","authors":"Kostas Selviaridis ,&nbsp;Elvira Uyarra","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate how innovation intermediaries mobilise their knowledge management capacities to support public procurement of innovation (PPI). Prior research on PPI intermediation has highlighted various knowledge-intensive roles of intermediaries (e.g., as subject experts and trainers), but how exactly intermediaries are organised internally and how they operate to source, process, and transfer PPI-related knowledge remains elusive. We offer novel insights through a rich case study of intermediation in the UK defence context, where intermediaries are tasked with addressing gaps in innovation-oriented procurement knowledge and capabilities and help to improve procurement performance. We contribute to PPI intermediation literature by showing how intermediaries utilise their absorptive capacity and desorptive capacity to manage technical, commercial, and managerial knowledge in support of PPI implementation. We also extend the broader literature on innovation intermediaries by unveiling the organisational structures, processes, and routines underpinning the enactment of intermediary absorptive and desorptive capacities; and elucidating the distinctive nature of desorptive capacity in the context of innovation intermediation. We additionally demonstrate that intermediaries' absorptive capacity, rather than that of client organisations, creates value for intermediaries and their clients alike.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105335"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of investments in research infrastructures of higher education institutes: Evidence from Poland and Czechia","authors":"Krzysztof Klincewicz,&nbsp;Mansour Esmaeil Zaei","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investments in research infrastructures (RIs) enable universities to enhance scientific excellence, internationalization and industrial collaboration. The study leverages a unique, large dataset of RIs funding awarded to higher education institutes (HEIs) in Czechia and Poland, based on EU cohesion funds, 2007–2013. Both countries benefited from disproportionally high shares of funding allocated to RIs in this relatively short period. The study analyzes the effects of RIs funding for HEIs, including the counts of publications, publishing scientists and collaborations with scientific and industrial partners. It uses the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to explore conditions necessary and sufficient to accomplish the expected outcomes. fsQCA identified equifinal pathways for large/small, generalist/specialized universities, health and life science / physical science and engineering infrastructures as well as levels of regional economic development. The results revealed 5 distinctive approaches that HEIs might adopt while investing in RIs, depending on existing configurations of organizational and environmental variables that influence the effectiveness of RIs funding. The findings offer valuable insights for policy makers and HEI management considering how to optimally allocate funds for RIs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105338"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reaching for the society: The commercialization effects of NASA technology licensing","authors":"Marek Giebel ,&nbsp;Anja Rösner","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How does technology transfer of government inventions affect follow-on innovation? Recognizing the importance of technology development and commercialization, the United States enacted several policies in the 1980s aimed at promoting the commercialization of government-funded research through licensing. However, it remains debated whether patenting and licensing effectively stimulate welfare-enhancing follow-on innovation. To address this question, we leverage technology data from NASA’s Technology Transfer Program, which facilitates licensing of NASA inventions to third parties, and combine it with United States patent data. Our analysis shows that exclusive licensing announcements are associated with increases in subsequent technological developments. These follow-on innovations originate from diverse entities and locations and span various technology fields, indicating substantial knowledge spillovers. Consequently, our findings suggest that commercialization via licensing of government inventions represents a policy instrument for increasing societal benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105337"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrepreneurial ecosystems and the persistence of regional high-growth firm shares: A reply to van Dijk, Leendertse, Stam, and van Rijnsoever (2025)","authors":"Alex Coad ,&nbsp;Stjepan Srhoj","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>van Dijk et al. (2025)</span></span> attempt to replicate our previous study. Major problems are discussed. First, their replication (in Study 1) uses three datasets, but none of the three are suitable for the task. Second, there is confusion about the time period covered by the data, and confusion about whether growth is measured over three years or two years. Third, ideally, the replication should use an indicator that has the same denominator, and also the same numerator. Fourth, the proposed indicator of persistence in Study 2 seems incapable of distinguishing between cases of positive persistence and negative persistence, which is of course a fundamental requirement of a persistence indicator. To summarize, we refer the reader instead to our own recently-published replication on 20 EU countries, that finds different results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105325"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The fine print of collaboration: How contractual provisions govern IP and disclosure in publicly funded research","authors":"Haakon Thue Lie ,&nbsp;Knut Jørgen Egelie ,&nbsp;Christoph Grimpe ,&nbsp;Roger Sørheim","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate how public funding and competing orientations shape the contractual provisions regarding intellectual property (IP) and disclosure in university–industry collaborations. By systematically coding and analysing the contracts of 484 collaborations funded by the Research Council of Norway, we identify considerable heterogeneity in IP ownership, exploitation rights, publication policies, and confidentiality rules. Our cluster analysis reveals three distinct governance models: proprietary partnerships, controlled access agreements, and open science collaborations. Controlled access agreements—where universities retain IP ownership, but industry partners hold exploitation rights and impose disclosure restrictions—are the most common. Regression analyses show that higher public funding shares are significantly associated with reduced industry ownership and use rights, but not with publication or confidentiality restrictions. Moreover, projects with more diverse consortia and research-oriented funding instruments tend to adopt less restrictive disclosure provisions. These findings challenge the simplistic open–closed dichotomy and offer a nuanced understanding of how contractual provisions mediate the diffusion of publicly funded research. Our study contributes to debates on open science, knowledge monopolies, and the strategic governance of research outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105336"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's empowerment and participation in innovation: Evidence from the one-child policy in China","authors":"Zhijie Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingqing Zong","doi":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.respol.2025.105334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Women have historically been underrepresented in technological innovation activities, leading to a substantial underutilisation of human resources. This study examines the impact of family-level women's empowerment on their participation in innovation using China's one-child policy and patent data from 2009 to 2021. The findings indicate that strengthening women's empowerment can effectively enhance their participation in innovation by increasing human capital, reducing domestic responsibilities, reinforcing gender equality awareness, and increasing the likelihood of remaining unmarried. Furthermore, the heterogeneity analysis of enterprise characteristics and regional factors reveals that the positive impact of women's empowerment on participation in innovation is more pronounced in enterprises with a higher proportion of female directors, lower market uncertainty, and weaker competition. The effect is also more significant in regions with weaker fertility culture, son preference, and gender identity norms. This study contributes to eliminate occupational gender segregation and fully use women's intellectual resources to promote innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48466,"journal":{"name":"Research Policy","volume":"54 10","pages":"Article 105334"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}