World Development最新文献_第8页

Gendered laws and Women’s financial inclusion 性别法律与妇女普惠金融

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107234

Caroline Perrin , Marie Hyland

引用次数: 0

Armed conflict, community-based cash transfers, and social cohesion: Evidence from a randomized intervention in Ethiopia 武装冲突、社区现金转移和社会凝聚力：来自埃塞俄比亚随机干预的证据

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107249

Halefom Yigzaw Nigus , Kibrom A. Abay , Martin Paul Jr. Tabe-Ojong

{"title":"Armed conflict, community-based cash transfers, and social cohesion: Evidence from a randomized intervention in Ethiopia","authors":"Halefom Yigzaw Nigus , Kibrom A. Abay , Martin Paul Jr. Tabe-Ojong","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid a surge in armed conflicts in Africa, the impact of armed conflicts on social cohesion and potential avenues to rebuild social cohesion in conflict-affected settings remain active areas of inquiry. Most importantly, identifying instruments and interventions that can effectively strengthen social cohesion in conflict-affected settings can inform and facilitate peace-building efforts. We examine whether community-based cash transfer and social protection programs can strengthen social cohesion in settings grappling with the adverse effects of armed conflict. We answer this question using the 2020 civil war in Ethiopia and combining this with a randomized community-based cash transfer program rolled out after the conflict. Exploiting temporal variation in the spread of large-scale armed conflicts (battles) across a two-wave panel survey, we show that battles are associated with a deterioration in social cohesion. Reassuringly, we demonstrate that a modestly sized community-based cash transfer can rebuild and restore social cohesion in communities grappling with armed conflict and deterioration in social cohesion. Heterogeneity analysis shows that households who belong to a minority ethnic group in each community reported a higher loss in social capital associated with their exposure to armed conflict and that the community-based cash transfer appears to be more effective in rebuilding social cohesion among these households.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 107249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Citizenization and urban–rural income inequality: Evidence from the reform of hukou system in China 市民化与城乡收入不平等：来自中国户籍制度改革的证据

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107238

Anbang Wang , Junqiao Ma , Ke He

{"title":"Citizenization and urban–rural income inequality: Evidence from the reform of hukou system in China","authors":"Anbang Wang , Junqiao Ma , Ke He","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid global income inequality, identity liberalization presents a viable solution. Overcoming traditional data acquisition limitations, this study integrated geographic information systems and gridded satellite dataset, utilizing 1 km-resolution nighttime light intensity, population and township-level administrative data. Theil index quantifies county-level urban–rural income inequality, while the generalized difference-in-differences method, using China’s reform of hukou system as a quasi-experiment, demonstrates that citizenization significantly mitigates urban–rural income inequality, especially under institutional discrimination. The underlying mechanisms operate through two channels: First, dismantling identity barriers enhances rural residents’ access to health security and social mobility, fostering their market integration capacity; Second, eliminating regional constraints optimizes regional market absorption capacity by facilitating the farmland marketization, technology diffusion, and job opportunities. As a complement to informal institutions, regions with deep-rooted Confucian and clan cultures exhibit stronger reform synergy, whereas pronounced dialect barriers hinder effectiveness. Over time, citizenization mitigates urban–rural income inequality exacerbated during early urbanization, accelerates income convergence, and advances the inflection point of urban–rural disparity, fostering societal income equalization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 107238"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145570206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Balancing efficiency and equity in fiscal decentralization: theory and evidence from China 财政分权的效率与公平平衡：来自中国的理论与证据

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107226

Yixin Chen , Bingyang Lyu , Mengqi Niu

{"title":"Balancing efficiency and equity in fiscal decentralization: theory and evidence from China","authors":"Yixin Chen , Bingyang Lyu , Mengqi Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiscal decentralization is widely acknowledged as a pivotal contributor to China’s economic growth. However, there is a paucity of literature examining the underlying drivers of fiscal decentralization in China. This paper examines the drivers of intergovernmental fiscal relations in China: fostering economic development and mitigating regional disparities. After reviewing the evolution of the fiscal system since the <em>Reform and Opening Up,</em> we build a theoretical model to shed light on the objectives of fiscal decentralization and derive two theoretical propositions. By using panel data of prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2016 and incorporating a newly developed fiscal decentralization indicator, we empirically test the theoretical propositions. The empirical analysis shows that the degree of fiscal decentralization decreases with an increase in GDP growth goals or larger fiscal disparities of subordinate county-level governments. This paper not only shows that balancing efficiency and equity in determining fiscal decentralization, but also offers insights for developing countries on how to build a more effective fiscal decentralization system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 107226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145479131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of foreign media on political mobilization during the Arab Spring 阿拉伯之春期间外国媒体对政治动员的影响

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107218

Laura Angelini , Luisito Bertinelli , Rana Cömertpay , Jean-François Maystadt

引用次数: 0

“A snake with no teeth”: Urbanization shifts perceptions of men who support women’s empowerment in Northwestern Tanzania “一条没有牙齿的蛇”：在坦桑尼亚西北部，城市化改变了人们对支持女性赋权的男性的看法

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107239

Joseph A Kilgallen , Alexander M Ishungisa , Pius Charles , Theresia Marco Chizi , Anuarite John , Israel Nicholaus , Ernest Sebarua , Mark Urassa , David W Lawson

{"title":"“A snake with no teeth”: Urbanization shifts perceptions of men who support women’s empowerment in Northwestern Tanzania","authors":"Joseph A Kilgallen , Alexander M Ishungisa , Pius Charles , Theresia Marco Chizi , Anuarite John , Israel Nicholaus , Ernest Sebarua , Mark Urassa , David W Lawson","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving gender equality requires the support of all genders, but efforts to engage men in women’s empowerment initiatives have been fraught with resistance. Existing research demonstrates that men often anticipate negative consequences for opposing patriarchal norms but has less frequently addressed variability in such perceptions within communities and their modification by socioecological change. Here, we examine the ramifications men face when deemed supportive of women’s empowerment with regard to their social status and prospects for marriage and reproduction, and how these ramifications are shifting with urbanization. Data come from a Tanzanian community, selected because it combines patriarchal norms, with shifting gender roles accompanying urbanization, offering a relevant case for understanding gender norm change in similar low and middle-income settings. Focus groups and in-depth interviews with community members (young men, young women, and elders) confirm severe social costs for men who support women’s empowerment, primarily in the form of reputational damage and social ostracism. Both men and women also frequently question the sexuality, desirability, and reproductive prospects of men engaging in gender atypical behaviors that support women. However, these costs are giving way to emerging incentives for a subset of supportive men who gain social prestige, at least among relatively well-educated peers, via their association with ‘modern’ values, attractiveness to women, access to novel employment opportunities, and adaptability to urban life. Through identifying entrenched costs for supportive men and emerging incentives accompanying urbanization, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the barriers and pathways to effectively engaging men in women’s empowerment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 107239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145521259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urbanization and decentralization in the Congo: Examining governance in rural towns 刚果的城市化和权力下放：考察农村城镇的治理

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107219

Soeren J. Henn , Aimable Lameke , Mastaki Mugaruka , Vincent Tanutama

{"title":"Urbanization and decentralization in the Congo: Examining governance in rural towns","authors":"Soeren J. Henn , Aimable Lameke , Mastaki Mugaruka , Vincent Tanutama","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How are rural towns governed in a context of fragility? This paper provides descriptive evidence to describe and quantify urbanization and the local organization of the state in 67 rural towns in four provinces of the Democratic Republic and the Congo. We present rich data on urbanization, state and local governance, taxation, public good provision, and citizens’ perceptions of governance. Three stories emerge. First, rural towns are growing, boosting high levels of ethnic diversity, and local trust, but are still largely agrarian and with unclear property rights. Second, a recent decentralization reform has been poorly implemented ten years on. Less than half the towns have a state administrators, no local elections took place, and revenue sharing is limited. Third, the governance goals of the reform remain largely unfulfilled. We observe a lack of democratic accountability, high levels of corruption, and an acute gap in financing. Finally, we find that these governance challenges are not correlated with levels of urbanization, implementation of the reforms, or levels of state capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 107219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145570205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of women’s inclusion on conservation and management practices of Water User Associations 妇女参与用水户协会养护和管理做法的影响

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107255

Ariana Montoya-Lozano, Tara Grillos

{"title":"Effect of women’s inclusion on conservation and management practices of Water User Associations","authors":"Ariana Montoya-Lozano, Tara Grillos","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water scarcity remains a pressing challenge in rural areas of developing countries, making it essential to adopt more effective water governance. This study explores whether women’s inclusion in the executive committees of Water User Associations (WUAs) may enhance both management and conservation activities meant to improve rural water governance. Focusing on rural areas in Colombia, Honduras, Nicaragua and Bolivia, we analyze over 4,000 survey observations from the Rural Water and Sanitation Information System (SIASAR). We use cardinality matching to compare activities by WUAs with more women on the executive committee to statistically comparable WUAs with fewer women on the committee. Our study finds that the presence of women on WUA boards is significantly associated with increased conservation activities, such as protection of water sources, and recommended management practices, such as the formal legalization of the association. These improvements help strengthen both ecological and social systems against environmental degradation. Our findings suggest that promoting women’s inclusion in water governance could improve the effectiveness and sustainability of water management in rural Latin America. These results contribute to the ongoing discourse on gender, water governance, and environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 107255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating dynamic macroeconomic effects of exogenous remittances 估计外生汇款的动态宏观经济影响

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107252

Markus Brueckner , Sudyumna Dahal , Haiyan Lin

引用次数: 0

Using an online journal club to improve Asian speakers' comfort in using English to discuss and understand research papers written in English. 利用在线期刊俱乐部提高亚洲人使用英语讨论和理解用英语撰写的研究论文的舒适度。

IF 4.8 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/10781552221107548

Masami Tsuchiya, Manit Saeteaw, Suphat Subongkot, Trai Tharnpanich, Jitprapa Konmun, Izumi Nasu, Yumiko Shimanuki, Toshiaki Tsuchitani, Mio Ezura, Koji Hashiguchi, Jeffrey C Bryan, Hitoshi Kawazoe

{"title":"Using an online journal club to improve Asian speakers' comfort in using English to discuss and understand research papers written in English.","authors":"Masami Tsuchiya, Manit Saeteaw, Suphat Subongkot, Trai Tharnpanich, Jitprapa Konmun, Izumi Nasu, Yumiko Shimanuki, Toshiaki Tsuchitani, Mio Ezura, Koji Hashiguchi, Jeffrey C Bryan, Hitoshi Kawazoe","doi":"10.1177/10781552221107548","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10781552221107548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate the participants' comfort in understanding research papers written in English and discussing such research in English via an Asian online journal club.MethodsA self-administered online survey was delivered to seven journal club meeting attendees from July 2020 to July 2021. A customer satisfaction analysis was performed to assess the association between the participants' perspectives on program logistics and satisfaction.ResultsThe recovery rate was 37.0% (44/119). After participating in the journal club, the median scores of critical appraisal skills, knowledge and/or pharmaceutical care skills in clinical practice, and discussion skills in English (assessed using a seven-point Likert scale) improved significantly (compared to pre-participation median scores) from 4 (interquartile range [IQR]: 3-5) to 5 (IQR: 4-6), 5 (IQR: 4-5) to 5 (IQR: 5-6), and 4 (IQR: 2-5) to 5 (IQR: 3-5), respectively (<i>P </i>< 0.0001). The respondents also expressed great appreciation for the benefits and overall qualities of the journal club. Additionally, regarding patient care behavior after participation in the journal club, 34 (77.3%), 17 (38.6%), 16 (36.4%), and 14 (31.8%) respondents reported improvement in \"drug information services,\" \"patient assessments,\" \"patient counseling,\" and \"multidisciplinary rounds,\" respectively. Customer satisfaction analysis revealed that sharing information, mutual discussion, a shift system of presenters and co-chairs, and session duration should be improved as a matter of highest priority.ConclusionThe findings suggest that our program could be helpful for Asian pharmacists, pharmacy students, and faculty members of the department of pharmacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"26 1","pages":"208-216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78324931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0