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Chinese state media persuades a global audience that the “China model” is superior: Evidence from a 19-country experiment 中国国家媒体说服全球受众相信 "中国模式 "是优越的：来自 19 国实验的证据
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12887
Daniel Mattingly, Trevor Incerti, Changwook Ju, Colin Moreshead, Seiki Tanaka, Hikaru Yamagishi
{"title":"Chinese state media persuades a global audience that the “China model” is superior: Evidence from a 19-country experiment","authors":"Daniel Mattingly,&nbsp;Trevor Incerti,&nbsp;Changwook Ju,&nbsp;Colin Moreshead,&nbsp;Seiki Tanaka,&nbsp;Hikaru Yamagishi","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12887","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajps.12887","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many are skeptical of the appeal of authoritarian political systems. We argue that global audiences will embrace authoritarian models when they believe that autocracies can meet governance challenges better than democracies. We collect comprehensive data on the external messaging of the Chinese and American governments. We then conduct a randomized experiment in 19 countries across six continents exposing global citizens to real messages from the Chinese and American governments’ external media arms. We find that exposure to a representative set of Chinese messages strengthens perceptions that the Chinese Communist Party delivers growth, stability, and competent leadership. It also moves the average respondent from slightly preferring the American model to slightly preferring the Chinese model. In head-to-head matchups, messages from the US government are less persuasive. Our findings show how autocracies build global support by selling growth and competence, with important implications for democratic resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 3","pages":"1029-1046"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajps.12887","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Selective exposure and echo chambers in partisan television consumption: Evidence from linked viewership, administrative, and survey data 党派电视消费中的选择性曝光和回音室：来自关联收视率、行政和调查数据的证据
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12886
David E. Broockman, Joshua L. Kalla
{"title":"Selective exposure and echo chambers in partisan television consumption: Evidence from linked viewership, administrative, and survey data","authors":"David E. Broockman,&nbsp;Joshua L. Kalla","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12886","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajps.12886","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Influential theories doubt that partisan television's audience is sufficiently large, moderate, or isolated from cross-cutting sources for it to meaningfully influence public opinion. However, limitations of survey-based television consumption measures leave these questions unresolved. We argue that nonpolitical attributes of partisan channels can attract voters to form habits for watching channels with slants they do not fully share. We report findings from three novel datasets which each link behavioral measures of television consumption to political administrative or survey data. We find that approximately 15% of Americans consume over 8 hours/month of partisan television. Additionally, weak partisans, independents, and outpartisans comprise over half of partisan channels’ audiences. Finally, partisan television consumers largely consume only one partisan channel and remain loyal to it over time, consistent with “echo chambers.” These findings support our argument and suggest partisan television's potential to influence public opinion cannot be dismissed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 3","pages":"847-865"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajps.12886","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antipolitical class bias in corruption sentencing 腐败判决中的反政治阶级偏见
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12885
Luiz Doria Vilaça, Marco Morucci, Victoria Paniagua
{"title":"Antipolitical class bias in corruption sentencing","authors":"Luiz Doria Vilaça,&nbsp;Marco Morucci,&nbsp;Victoria Paniagua","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12885","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajps.12885","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Are corruption trials that involve the highest ranks in the public sphere and large private companies biased against some groups? Existing research predominantly focuses on corruption prosecutions of politicians, leaving unresolved the extent to which judges apply differential treatment when convicting and sentencing the political class compared to other defendants, including those in the private sector. To address this gap, we investigate judicial bias within Brazil's famous “Operação Lava Jato,” the largest corruption investigation carried out in history. Leveraging an original database that traces the trajectory of the universe of the 3154 cases of Lava Jato, we show that judges' sentencing decisions were not governed by a partisan logic. Instead, judges were more inclined to impose longer prison times and higher fines to elected politicians when compared to all other defendants, particularly those from the private sector. We interpret these findings as evidence of <i>antipolitical class bias</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 2","pages":"701-717"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajps.12885","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The rise of and demand for identity-oriented media coverage 以身份为导向的媒体报道的兴起和需求
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12875
Daniel J. Hopkins, Yphtach Lelkes, Samuel Wolken
{"title":"The rise of and demand for identity-oriented media coverage","authors":"Daniel J. Hopkins,&nbsp;Yphtach Lelkes,&nbsp;Samuel Wolken","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12875","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajps.12875","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While some assert that social identities have become more salient in American media coverage, existing evidence is largely anecdotal. An increased emphasis on social identities has important political implications, including for polarization and representation. We first document the rising salience of different social identities using natural language processing tools to analyze all tweets from 19 media outlets (2008–2021) alongside 553,078 URLs shared on Facebook. We then examine one potential mechanism: Outlets may highlight meaningful social identities—race/ethnicity, gender, religion, or partisanship—to attract readers through various social and psychological pathways. We find that identity cues are associated with increases in some forms of engagement on social media. To probe causality, we analyze 3,828 randomized headline experiments conducted via Upworthy. Headlines mentioning racial/ethnic identities generated more engagement than headlines that did not, with suggestive evidence for other identities. Identity-oriented media coverage is growing and rooted partly in audience demand.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 2","pages":"483-500"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Uncertain times: The causal effects of coups on national income 不确定的时代：政变对国民收入的因果影响
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12884
Kevin Grier, Robin Grier, Henry J. Moncrieff
{"title":"Uncertain times: The causal effects of coups on national income","authors":"Kevin Grier,&nbsp;Robin Grier,&nbsp;Henry J. Moncrieff","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12884","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We use doubly robust difference-in-differences models to estimate the causal effect of successful coups on national incomes. We find that real per capita gross domestic product (GDP) decreases by 10%–12% 5 years after a coup and the effect has not begun to diminish at that point. When we investigate the economic and political mechanisms behind this outcome, we find that our result is mostly driven by a fall in investment and in the rule of law, along with an increase in repression. Given the size of the effect, preventing coups can be seen as a significant development issue, and though the international community has taken steps to discourage coups, further consideration of anticoup policies seems well-warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 2","pages":"560-577"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Voted in, standing out: Public response to immigrants' political accession 投票，脱颖而出：公众对移民政治地位的反应
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12877
Stephanie Zonszein, Guy Grossman
{"title":"Voted in, standing out: Public response to immigrants' political accession","authors":"Stephanie Zonszein,&nbsp;Guy Grossman","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12877","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How do dominant-group natives react to immigrants' political integration? We argue that ethnic minority immigrants winning political office makes natives feel threatened, triggering animosity. We test this dynamic across the 2010–2019 UK general elections, using hate crime police records, public opinion data, and text data from over 500,000 regional and local newspaper articles. While past work has not established a causal relationship between minorities' political power gains and dominant-group animosity, we identify natives' hostile reactions with a regression discontinuity design that leverages close election results between immigrant-origin ethnic minority and dominant-group candidates. We find that minority victories increase hate crimes by 67%, exclusionary attitudes by 66%, and negative media coverage of immigrant groups by 110%. Consistent with power threat and social identity theories, these findings demonstrate a strong and widespread negative reaction—encompassing a violence-prone fringe and the mass public—against ethnic minority immigrants' integration into majority settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 2","pages":"718-733"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajps.12877","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Informational lobbying and commercial diplomacy 信息游说和商业外交
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12873
Calvin Thrall
{"title":"Informational lobbying and commercial diplomacy","authors":"Calvin Thrall","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12873","url":null,"abstract":"<p>What determines the <i>content</i> of bilateral diplomacy? I argue that the foreign policy issues prioritized by specific embassies are influenced by their diplomats' sources of information. For evidence, I study the proliferation of American Chambers of Commerce (AmChams)—private interest groups composed of US firms that are operating in specific host states—over the 20th and early 21st centuries. AmChams became key sources of information for US embassies, particularly on issues of relevance to the private sector (such as tax, trade, and investment regulations). Using novel text data from approximately 1500 oral history interviews with former diplomats, and leveraging the institutional structure of diplomatic rotation, I show that diplomats who were exposed to active AmCham branches paid significantly greater attention to commercial issues. These results identify a new avenue through which interest groups can influence foreign policy, help explain the proliferation of probusiness international agreements over the past several decades, and contribute to the growing literature on diplomacy in the international political economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 3","pages":"1147-1162"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Race, legislative speech, and symbolic representation in Congress 种族、立法演讲和国会的象征性代表
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12874
Arjun Vishwanath
{"title":"Race, legislative speech, and symbolic representation in Congress","authors":"Arjun Vishwanath","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12874","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We know little about the extent to which racial minorities are symbolically represented by members of Congress. This stands in contrast to a wealth of research analyzing the extent to which minorities are substantively and descriptively represented. This article provides the most comprehensive analysis of symbolic representation to date. Using data on legislators’ speech from 105,875 newsletters and 620,838 floor speeches, I find that White legislators of both parties are more likely to symbolically represent Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians if those groups are more populous in their constituency. However, these effects only hold cross-sectionally; using a difference-in-differences setup from redistricting shocks, I find that there is little within-legislator variation in speech patterns as their constituencies change. Lastly, I show that, unlike on the symbolic dimension, legislators’ substantive representation is not influenced by group size. I conclude that White legislators are symbolically responsive to their constituents’ identities in their speech patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 2","pages":"578-593"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajps.12874","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The politics of rejection: Explaining Chinese import refusals 拒绝的政治：解释中国的进口拒绝
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12883
Sung Eun Kim, Rebecca L. Perlman, Grace Zeng
{"title":"The politics of rejection: Explaining Chinese import refusals","authors":"Sung Eun Kim,&nbsp;Rebecca L. Perlman,&nbsp;Grace Zeng","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12883","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Health and safety standards offer a convenient means by which governments can claim to be protecting the population, even while pursuing more parochial goals. In the realm of international trade, such standards have most often been studied as a means of veiled protectionism. Yet precisely because health and safety standards create ambiguity about their intent, nations may seek to use them for goals that extend well beyond protecting domestic industry. We theorize that governments will, at times, enforce regulations in ways intended to exact political retribution. To show this, we collect original data on import refusals by Chinese border inspectors between 2011 and 2019. Though ostensibly intended to keep dangerous products out of the hands of Chinese consumers, we demonstrate that import refusals have systematically been used by the Chinese government as a way to punish states that act against China's interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 2","pages":"438-454"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Encouraging loyalty and defection: The impact of campaigns on tactical voting in Britain 鼓励忠诚和背叛：竞选对英国策略性投票的影响
IF 5 1区 社会学
American Journal of Political Science Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12882
Lucas Núñez
{"title":"Encouraging loyalty and defection: The impact of campaigns on tactical voting in Britain","authors":"Lucas Núñez","doi":"10.1111/ajps.12882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12882","url":null,"abstract":"<p>I study the impact of party campaigns on tactical voting, focusing on voters with tactical incentives. Focusing on three UK Elections, I exploit panel data within each election to address endogeneity in party behavior, which would otherwise bias the estimates of campaign effects. My findings show that party contacts during campaigns have an influence in encouraging loyalty to preferred nonviable parties and defection to alternative viable ones. These findings are important as relatively little is known about what influences voters’ decision to cast tactical votes, beyond their demographic characteristics and the electoral circumstances they may find themselves in.</p>","PeriodicalId":48447,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Political Science","volume":"69 3","pages":"981-994"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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