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What do bequests in married couples with a surviving spouse tell us about bequest motives? 有在世配偶的已婚夫妇的遗赠告诉我们关于遗赠动机的什么？
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105333
Sean Fahle
{"title":"What do bequests in married couples with a surviving spouse tell us about bequest motives?","authors":"Sean Fahle","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the bequests that arise in married couples after the death of the first spouse. It provides the first systematic examination of these bequests using representative data from the United States on the actual (not intended or expected) bequests made to each of the couple’s children. I find that these bequests are divided among children very similarly to the bequests left by single individuals, which have been the near-exclusive focus of the literature. In both cases, I observe strong support for theories of bequests based on exchange and evolutionary psychology and no evidence for altruistic or dynastic models. Also novel to this paper, I document that different types of assets—residences, estates, and life insurance—exhibit different bequest patterns. While estates are typically equally divided, parents often divide life insurance and especially housing assets unequally, often leaving these assets to caregiving children. Selective disinheritance of certain children, particularly stepchildren, is common.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 105333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Poverty spillovers in human capital Formation: Evidence from randomized class assignments in China 人力资本形成中的贫困溢出效应：来自中国随机班级分配的证据
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105334
Wei Huang , Mi Luo , Yueping Song , Yiping Wang , Hantao Wu
{"title":"Poverty spillovers in human capital Formation: Evidence from randomized class assignments in China","authors":"Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Mi Luo ,&nbsp;Yueping Song ,&nbsp;Yiping Wang ,&nbsp;Hantao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the spillover effects of peer poverty on student outcomes using data from a nationally representative, randomly assigned sample of junior high school classes in China. We find that higher classroom poverty rates significantly reduce students’ academic performance, non-cognitive skills, and the likelihood of high school and college enrollment. These effects are particularly pronounced among students from lower-income families, while the presence of wealthier peers provides yields little benefit. Mechanisms driving these outcomes include diminished student motivation, poorer classroom climates, reduced parental involvement, and lower teacher attention. Our findings provide new evidence on the impact of peer socio-economic status on student achievement and long-term educational trajectories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 105334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rubbing shoulders: Class segregation in daily activities 擦肩：日常活动中的阶级隔离
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105335
Maxim Massenkoff , Nathan Wilmers
{"title":"Rubbing shoulders: Class segregation in daily activities","authors":"Maxim Massenkoff ,&nbsp;Nathan Wilmers","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We use location data to study cross-class encounters. Low-income and especially high-income individuals are socially isolated: they are more likely than other income groups to encounter people from their own class. Counterfactual exercises suggest this is explained largely by residential segregation and firms. Among firms, casual restaurants make the largest positive contribution to cross-class encounters through both scale and their diversity of visitors. Dollar stores and libraries isolate visitors. Our local measure of encounters is strongly associated with cross-class Facebook friendships, which have been previously shown to correlate with intergenerational mobility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 105335"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Target-based GDP manipulation: Evidence from China 基于目标的GDP操纵：来自中国的证据
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105349
Binlei Gong , Yuhui Shen , Shuai Chen
{"title":"Target-based GDP manipulation: Evidence from China","authors":"Binlei Gong ,&nbsp;Yuhui Shen ,&nbsp;Shuai Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GDP manipulation is a prevalent form of hidden action, often arising from the principal-agent problem. Utilizing Bunching Estimation within an innovative ratio form approach, this study identifies and quantifies target-based GDP manipulation. Our empirical analysis offers evidence of such manipulation at the prefectural level in China to meet predetermined targets. However, China’s target-based GDP manipulation is diminishing over time. Furthermore, the findings suggest that reducing the weight of economic performance in local government assessments and adopting the soft target-setting restrictions have served as effective strategies to significantly mitigate China’s GDP manipulation in recent years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 105349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Occupational licensing in US public schools: Nationwide implementation of Teacher Performance Assessment 美国公立学校的职业许可：教师绩效评估的全国实施
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105328
Bobby W. Chung , Jian Zou
{"title":"Occupational licensing in US public schools: Nationwide implementation of Teacher Performance Assessment","authors":"Bobby W. Chung ,&nbsp;Jian Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occupational licensing potentially benefits consumers by requiring workers minimum training but at the cost of reducing supply. We study this trade-off by evaluating the recent controversial roll-out of the educative Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA) that raises the entry requirement of public school teachers – the largest licensed profession in the US. Leveraging the quasi-experimental setting of different adoption timing by states, we analyze multiple data sources containing a national sample of prospective teachers and students of new teachers. With extensive controls of concurrent policies, we find that the edTPA reduced prospective teachers in undergraduate programs and less selective and minority-concentrated universities. Testing various specifications and sample criteria, we do not find evidence that the new license standard increased student test scores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 105328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of restrictive abortion legislation on cohort mortality evidence from 19th century law variation 限制性堕胎立法对群体死亡率的影响——来自19世纪法律变化的证据
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105329
Joanna N. Lahey , Marianne H. Wanamaker
{"title":"Effects of restrictive abortion legislation on cohort mortality evidence from 19th century law variation","authors":"Joanna N. Lahey ,&nbsp;Marianne H. Wanamaker","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permissive abortion policy is thought to improve the average well-being of born children, as evidenced by recent studies based on 20th century US data. Using 19th century restrictive abortion policy, we demonstrate a more nuanced relationship between policy and child well-being. Despite increased birth rates among abortion-restricted cohorts, we find little evidence of changes in well-being at birth through the standard channel of child selection, consistent with predictions from a generalized model. However, children in these larger cohorts were more susceptible to mortality from infectious disease throughout childhood, implying different mechanisms linking abortion policy to child well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105329"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
(Not) Everyone can be a winner — The role of payoff interdependence for redistribution （不是）每个人都可以成为赢家——再分配的报酬相互依赖的作用
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105320
Louis Strang , Sebastian Schaube
{"title":"(Not) Everyone can be a winner — The role of payoff interdependence for redistribution","authors":"Louis Strang ,&nbsp;Sebastian Schaube","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequently, one person’s success comes at the expense of others. We contrast such zero-sum environments in which individuals’ payoffs are interdependent to those where payoffs are independent. In a laboratory experiment, we study whether the resulting inequality is perceived differently and how this affects redistribution. Across treatments, we compare a spectator’s redistribution of two workers’ earnings. If workers do not compete in a zero-sum setting, average redistribution decreases. In a representative survey, we replicate this finding and document that individuals who believe in a zero-sum world support higher levels of redistribution and are more likely to consider themselves a member of the Democratic party.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recession experiences during early adulthood shape prosocial attitudes later in life 成年早期的衰退经历塑造了以后的亲社会态度
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105327
Jan Bietenbeck , Uwe Sunde , Petra Thiemann
{"title":"Recession experiences during early adulthood shape prosocial attitudes later in life","authors":"Jan Bietenbeck ,&nbsp;Uwe Sunde ,&nbsp;Petra Thiemann","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores whether the experience of a recession during early adulthood shapes individuals’ prosocial attitudes. The analysis uses survey responses to experimentally validated questions that measure prosocial attitudes for approximately 64,000 respondents in 74 countries. The identification approach exploits variation in recession experiences across 75 different birth cohorts. We find that exposure to a recession during early adulthood is associated with lower levels of prosociality later in life. The effect only emerges for experiences during the impressionable years (age 18–25), mainly affects prosocial attitudes among men, and is orthogonal to the effect of experiences with democracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105327"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Property taxation as compensation for local externalities: Evidence from large plants 财产税作为对地方外部性的补偿：来自大型工厂的证据
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105294
Rebecca Fraenkel , Sam Krumholz
{"title":"Property taxation as compensation for local externalities: Evidence from large plants","authors":"Rebecca Fraenkel ,&nbsp;Sam Krumholz","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large scale industrial plants often create broad economic benefits, but impose harms on nearby residents. When local jurisdictions have control over land use, such plants may not be built absent sufficient compensation. In this paper, we study the extent to which large plants’ property tax payments compensate for local harms and whether local governments internalize these fiscal benefits when making decisions about local industrial development. We first demonstrate that the tax base impact of plant openings are economically large, lead to increases in local expenditures and reductions in local property tax rates, and are valued by local residents. We next show suggestive evidence that limiting local jurisdictions’ access to property taxation reduces the likelihood that they will contain large industrial plants. Together, these results suggest that increases in the local tax base are an important benefit of large externality-producing projects that are valued by residents and that local governments may internalize the fiscal impact of these plants when making development decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Campaign contributions and legislative behavior: Evidence from U.S. congress 竞选捐款和立法行为：来自美国国会的证据
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105319
Alberto Parmigiani
{"title":"Campaign contributions and legislative behavior: Evidence from U.S. congress","authors":"Alberto Parmigiani","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>What is the relationship between campaign contributions and legislative behavior of elected representatives? In this paper, I find that more concentrated donations negatively correlate with three costly legislative endeavors of members of Congress: bill sponsorship, speechmaking on the floor and witness appearances before committees. For bill sponsorship, the negative correlation is stronger for topics related to redistribution, such as health and social welfare bills. To interpret these results, I argue that a more skewed structure of contributions makes members of Congress more dependent on their top donors and thus potentially more inclined to represent their interests. By reciprocating favors to donors, by seeking to secure their continued financial support, or simply by enjoying more leisure time as a result of feeling secure in their financial backing, federal legislators are less active in activities related to the Congressional agenda and public policy. Overall, I contend that campaign contributions distort the incentives of elected representatives to allocate legislative effort in Congress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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