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Occupational licensing in US public schools: Nationwide implementation of Teacher Performance Assessment
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105328
Bobby W. Chung , Jian Zou
{"title":"Occupational licensing in US public schools: Nationwide implementation of Teacher Performance Assessment","authors":"Bobby W. Chung ,&nbsp;Jian Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Occupational licensing potentially benefits consumers by requiring workers minimum training but at the cost of reducing supply. We study this trade-off by evaluating the recent controversial roll-out of the educative Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA) that raises the entry requirement of public school teachers – the largest licensed profession in the US. Leveraging the quasi-experimental setting of different adoption timing by states, we analyze multiple data sources containing a national sample of prospective teachers and students of new teachers. With extensive controls of concurrent policies, we find that the edTPA reduced prospective teachers in undergraduate programs and less selective and minority-concentrated universities. Testing various specifications and sample criteria, we do not find evidence that the new license standard increased student test scores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 105328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of restrictive abortion legislation on cohort mortality evidence from 19th century law variation
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105329
Joanna N. Lahey , Marianne H. Wanamaker
{"title":"Effects of restrictive abortion legislation on cohort mortality evidence from 19th century law variation","authors":"Joanna N. Lahey ,&nbsp;Marianne H. Wanamaker","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permissive abortion policy is thought to improve the average well-being of born children, as evidenced by recent studies based on 20th century US data. Using 19th century restrictive abortion policy, we demonstrate a more nuanced relationship between policy and child well-being. Despite increased birth rates among abortion-restricted cohorts, we find little evidence of changes in well-being at birth through the standard channel of child selection, consistent with predictions from a generalized model. However, children in these larger cohorts were more susceptible to mortality from infectious disease throughout childhood, implying different mechanisms linking abortion policy to child well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105329"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
(Not) Everyone can be a winner — The role of payoff interdependence for redistribution
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105320
Louis Strang , Sebastian Schaube
{"title":"(Not) Everyone can be a winner — The role of payoff interdependence for redistribution","authors":"Louis Strang ,&nbsp;Sebastian Schaube","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequently, one person’s success comes at the expense of others. We contrast such zero-sum environments in which individuals’ payoffs are interdependent to those where payoffs are independent. In a laboratory experiment, we study whether the resulting inequality is perceived differently and how this affects redistribution. Across treatments, we compare a spectator’s redistribution of two workers’ earnings. If workers do not compete in a zero-sum setting, average redistribution decreases. In a representative survey, we replicate this finding and document that individuals who believe in a zero-sum world support higher levels of redistribution and are more likely to consider themselves a member of the Democratic party.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recession experiences during early adulthood shape prosocial attitudes later in life
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105327
Jan Bietenbeck , Uwe Sunde , Petra Thiemann
{"title":"Recession experiences during early adulthood shape prosocial attitudes later in life","authors":"Jan Bietenbeck ,&nbsp;Uwe Sunde ,&nbsp;Petra Thiemann","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores whether the experience of a recession during early adulthood shapes individuals’ prosocial attitudes. The analysis uses survey responses to experimentally validated questions that measure prosocial attitudes for approximately 64,000 respondents in 74 countries. The identification approach exploits variation in recession experiences across 75 different birth cohorts. We find that exposure to a recession during early adulthood is associated with lower levels of prosociality later in life. The effect only emerges for experiences during the impressionable years (age 18–25), mainly affects prosocial attitudes among men, and is orthogonal to the effect of experiences with democracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105327"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Property taxation as compensation for local externalities: Evidence from large plants
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105294
Rebecca Fraenkel , Sam Krumholz
{"title":"Property taxation as compensation for local externalities: Evidence from large plants","authors":"Rebecca Fraenkel ,&nbsp;Sam Krumholz","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large scale industrial plants often create broad economic benefits, but impose harms on nearby residents. When local jurisdictions have control over land use, such plants may not be built absent sufficient compensation. In this paper, we study the extent to which large plants’ property tax payments compensate for local harms and whether local governments internalize these fiscal benefits when making decisions about local industrial development. We first demonstrate that the tax base impact of plant openings are economically large, lead to increases in local expenditures and reductions in local property tax rates, and are valued by local residents. We next show suggestive evidence that limiting local jurisdictions’ access to property taxation reduces the likelihood that they will contain large industrial plants. Together, these results suggest that increases in the local tax base are an important benefit of large externality-producing projects that are valued by residents and that local governments may internalize the fiscal impact of these plants when making development decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Campaign contributions and legislative behavior: Evidence from U.S. congress
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105319
Alberto Parmigiani
{"title":"Campaign contributions and legislative behavior: Evidence from U.S. congress","authors":"Alberto Parmigiani","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>What is the relationship between campaign contributions and legislative behavior of elected representatives? In this paper, I find that more concentrated donations negatively correlate with three costly legislative endeavors of members of Congress: bill sponsorship, speechmaking on the floor and witness appearances before committees. For bill sponsorship, the negative correlation is stronger for topics related to redistribution, such as health and social welfare bills. To interpret these results, I argue that a more skewed structure of contributions makes members of Congress more dependent on their top donors and thus potentially more inclined to represent their interests. By reciprocating favors to donors, by seeking to secure their continued financial support, or simply by enjoying more leisure time as a result of feeling secure in their financial backing, federal legislators are less active in activities related to the Congressional agenda and public policy. Overall, I contend that campaign contributions distort the incentives of elected representatives to allocate legislative effort in Congress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vote early and vote often? Detecting electoral fraud from the timing of 19th century elections
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105317
Francesco Ferlenga , Brian Knight
{"title":"Vote early and vote often? Detecting electoral fraud from the timing of 19th century elections","authors":"Francesco Ferlenga ,&nbsp;Brian Knight","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a new approach to detecting electoral fraud. Our context involves repeaters, individuals voting in multiple states in the U.S. during 19th Century Congressional Elections. Given high travel times, and the associated difficulties of voting in multiple states on the same day, we exploit the staggered introduction of holding federal elections on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November (1T1M). The key finding is that county-level turnout rates fell when the closest neighboring state coordinated on 1T1M. This result is consistent with 1T1M adoption making repeating more difficult. In terms of mechanisms, the pattern is stronger in states that had not yet adopted the secret ballot, consistent with the secret ballot itself reducing voter fraud. The results are also stronger in open-seat elections, which tend to be more competitive. Finally, the pattern is also driven by smaller population counties, consistent with repeaters particularly inflating turnout rates in these places.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Testing above the limit: Drinking water contamination and test scores
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105313
Michelle Marcus
{"title":"Testing above the limit: Drinking water contamination and test scores","authors":"Michelle Marcus","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides estimates of the contemporaneous effect of drinking water quality violations on students’ academic achievement. Using student-level test score data with residential addresses, geographic information on water systems, and drinking water violations from North Carolina, I estimate the within-student impacts of poor water quality on student test scores. Exposure to a bacteria violation during the school year decreases math scores by about 0.038 standard deviations when the public is uninformed. Results suggest that poor water quality may impact retention or comprehension of material throughout the school year.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
OK Boomer: Generational differences in teacher quality
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105318
Nhu Nguyen , Ben Ost , Javaeria A. Qureshi
{"title":"OK Boomer: Generational differences in teacher quality","authors":"Nhu Nguyen ,&nbsp;Ben Ost ,&nbsp;Javaeria A. Qureshi","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We document that recent generations of elementary school teachers are significantly more effective at raising math test scores for students than those from earlier generations. Measuring teachers’ value-added for Black and White students separately, the improvements in teaching for Black students are significantly larger than those seen for White students. For reading, we find no evidence of generational differences in either overall or race-specific teacher quality. The race-specific improvements in teacher quality in math are driven by White teachers. Our results suggest reason for optimism since these teacher quality differences should lead to improved student learning and a narrowing of the Black-White test score gap over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105318"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of speed-schools in Niger
IF 4.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Public Economics Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105307
Anne Kielland , Andreas Kotsadam , Jing Liu
{"title":"Effects of speed-schools in Niger","authors":"Anne Kielland ,&nbsp;Andreas Kotsadam ,&nbsp;Jing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We evaluate a two-year accelerated education program in Niger. We use a two- phase experimental design where we first randomize the accelerated schools at the community level, and second, within treated communities, we randomize the available slots among interested participants. The program affected education and learning: Almost three times more treated children start lower secondary education (our main educational outcome), and they are more likely to be literate and numerate. Yet, most children still do not have basic reading and math skills after the program. We find no indications of spillover effects of the program. In particular, control children in treated communities are very similar to children in control communities at endline. Despite the effects on educational and learning outcomes, we find no effects on any of our other five main pre-registered outcomes: Beliefs about the appropriate marriage age and gender equality, well-being, support for violence, or engaging in hazardous work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48436,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Economics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105307"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143272345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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