Psychology and Aging最新文献_第2页

Are depressive symptoms associated with biological aging in a cross-sectional analysis of adults over age 50 in the United States. 对美国 50 岁以上成年人进行的横断面分析显示，抑郁症状是否与生理衰老有关。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000860

Herong Wang, Kelly M Bakulski, Freida Blostein, Brittany R Porath, John Dou, César Higgins Tejera, Lindsay H Ryan, Erin B Ware

{"title":"Are depressive symptoms associated with biological aging in a cross-sectional analysis of adults over age 50 in the United States.","authors":"Herong Wang, Kelly M Bakulski, Freida Blostein, Brittany R Porath, John Dou, César Higgins Tejera, Lindsay H Ryan, Erin B Ware","doi":"10.1037/pag0000860","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000860","url":null,"abstract":"Major depressive disorder accelerates DNA methylation age, a biological aging marker. Subclinical depressive symptoms are common, but their link to DNA methylation aging in older adults remains unexplored. This study analyzed the cross-sectional relationship between depressive symptoms and accelerated DNA methylation aging, considering gender and race/ethnicity in U.S. adults aged over 50. We used data from 3,882 diverse participants in the 2016 Health and Retirement Study wave, measuring blood DNA methylation age against chronologic age for acceleration. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Multiple linear regression evaluated the association between depressive symptoms and DNA methylation age acceleration, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, blood cell proportions, and health behaviors (physical activity, alcohol use, smoking, and chronic conditions). Gender and race/ethnicity modifications were also tested. Depressive symptoms, measured by continuous CES-D score, high depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 4), or any symptoms (CES-D ≥ 1), significantly correlated with increased GrimAge DNA methylation age acceleration (all p ≤ .001) in unadjusted and sociodemographic-adjusted models but were nonsignificant in fully adjusted models. No significant gender or race/ethnicity effect modifications were found in fully adjusted models. Health behaviors significantly influence DNA methylation age acceleration and depressive phenotypes, underscoring the need to understand their roles in assessing psychological factors related to DNA methylation age acceleration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"946-959"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What's time got to do with it? Appreciation of time influences social goals and emotional well-being. 时间与什么有关？珍惜时间会影响社会目标和情感幸福。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000856

Laura L Carstensen, Li Chu, Tyler J Matteson, Claire M Growney

{"title":"What's time got to do with it? Appreciation of time influences social goals and emotional well-being.","authors":"Laura L Carstensen, Li Chu, Tyler J Matteson, Claire M Growney","doi":"10.1037/pag0000856","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000856","url":null,"abstract":"Socioemotional selectivity theory (SST) maintains that perceived constraints on time horizons motivate people to optimize emotionally meaningful experiences in the present, whereas expansive time horizons lead people to pursue goals that hold future utility. Theoretically, the prioritizing of goals about emotional meaning contributes to the relatively high levels of emotional well-being and mental health observed in older people. The present article provides an overview of SST and places it in historical context, noting the differences and similarities it shares with contemporaneous approaches. We briefly review support for core theoretical postulates and consider a recent set of empirical findings that speak against the role of perceived time on emotional well-being. We argue that existing survey measures of time horizons do not capture the increasing value and appreciation of remaining time posited in SST and describe the development of and evidence for a new Appreciation of Remaining Time scale. We conclude with a discussion about the need for theoretical precision in research and, more broadly, the need to consider explanations for age differences that extend beyond compensation for loss to fully understand socioemotional development in adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":"39 8","pages":"833-853"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining the malleability of implicit views of aging in middle-aged and older adults. 研究中老年人对衰老的内隐看法的可塑性。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000867

Han-Yun Tseng, Alison L Chasteen, Manfred Diehl

{"title":"Examining the malleability of implicit views of aging in middle-aged and older adults.","authors":"Han-Yun Tseng, Alison L Chasteen, Manfred Diehl","doi":"10.1037/pag0000867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000867","url":null,"abstract":"Negative views of aging (VoA) present a motivational barrier to healthy aging. Although prior interventions have demonstrated success in making adults' negative VoA more positive, reliance on self-report-based explicit measures is insufficient to examine whether these interventions also affected individuals' implicit VoA. Thus, this study assessed the impact of the AgingPLUS program, a 4-week psychoeducational intervention, on implicit measures of VoA in a randomized controlled trial. Participants aged 45-75 years (Mage = 60.1 years, SDage = 8.3) were randomized to either the AgingPLUS program (n = 162) or a health education control group (n = 173). Implicit VoA were assessed using two computer-administered tasks: the Implicit Association Test and a lexical decision-making task. Data on implicit VoA were collected at baseline and two follow-up assessments over a 32-week period and analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. The results showed limited evidence of temporal changes or group differences regarding implicit VoA. However, participants with more positive baseline implicit VoA demonstrated greater improvements in explicit VoA, particularly in their awareness of age-related gains. Overall, explicit intervention approaches, such as the AgingPLUS program, can lead to substantial improvements in adults' self-reported VoA, although their effect on implicit VoA remains unclear. The findings underscore the importance of future interventions to (a) evaluate both explicit and implicit VoA and (b) tailor intervention designs to specific outcomes to achieve sustained, long-term positive changes in negative VoA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explicit and implicit timing across the adult lifespan. 成年人一生中的显性和隐性计时。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000866

Antonino Visalli, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Giovanna Mioni

引用次数: 0

A cross-sectional exploration of cognitive ability across age via stacked ensembles. 通过堆叠组合对不同年龄段认知能力的横断面探索。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000868

Eliza L Congdon, Samuel Liu, Elizabeth M Upton

{"title":"A cross-sectional exploration of cognitive ability across age via stacked ensembles.","authors":"Eliza L Congdon, Samuel Liu, Elizabeth M Upton","doi":"10.1037/pag0000868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000868","url":null,"abstract":"Age-related changes in cognitive and biological processes mean that older adults show markedly lower performance on cognitive assessments than younger adults. Characterizing the precise nature of age-related differences in cognitive performance and whether they vary as a function of key demographic characteristics has been challenging due to small effect sizes, underpowered samples, and blunt analysis methods. In the present study, we address these issues by using a massive cross-sectional data set of approximately 750,000 English-speaking participants who completed at least one battery from the NeuroCognitive Performance Test. We employ stacked ensembles, a machine learning approach, to model differences in age-related cognitive performance from 25 to 80 years based on gender and education. We utilize bootstrapping to quantify uncertainties and compare predicted performances across age, gender, education, and subtest while accounting for data variability. We then use clustering techniques to identify cognitive subtests with similar patterns across demographics. Our novel approach reveals several notable trends. For example, tasks reliant on semantic knowledge and fluid reasoning, such as completing patterns or arithmetic word problems, exhibit similar education-dependent variation. On tasks where men outperform women at early ages, men's predicted performance also shows greater decline across the age range, resulting in a narrower or nonexistent gender gap at older ages. We discuss additional age, gender, and education interactions, as well as variations in the magnitude and onset age of change in the predicted slope of performance, most of which appear dependent on the specific cognitive area being evaluated. Implications for theories of aging are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attention to event segmentation improves memory in young adults: A lifespan study. 对事件分割的关注可改善青少年的记忆力：寿命研究

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000842

Maverick E Smith, Christopher S Hall, Rachel Membreno, Daniel Quintero, Jeffrey M Zacks

{"title":"Attention to event segmentation improves memory in young adults: A lifespan study.","authors":"Maverick E Smith, Christopher S Hall, Rachel Membreno, Daniel Quintero, Jeffrey M Zacks","doi":"10.1037/pag0000842","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000842","url":null,"abstract":"People spontaneously segment an observed everyday activity into discrete, meaningful events, but segmentation can be modified by task goals. Asking young adults to attend to event segmentation while watching movies of everyday actions improved their memory up to 1 month later (Flores et al., 2017). Does attending to event segmentation improve memory across the lifespan? Participants between the ages of 20 and 79 watched movies of actors performing everyday activities while intentionally encoding them for a recall and a recognition memory test 1 week (Experiment 1) or 1 month (Experiment 2) later. In addition to intentionally encoding the movies, half of the participants segmented the movies into fine-grained events. Young adults who segmented recalled more words in their recall responses than those who intentionally encoded 1 week and 1 month later. Middle-aged adults benefited from the intervention after a 1-week delay but not after a 1-month delay. Older adults over the age of 70 did not benefit from attending to segmentation. Of those who segmented, young and older adults showed similar agreement about the locations of event boundaries. Together, the results suggest that older adults are less able, compared to young adults, to maintain or retrieve well-encoded event memories after a delay. In addition, individual differences in segmentation agreement predicted memory up to 1 month later, regardless of age. These results suggest a practical and easy-to-implement intervention for improving recall of everyday events in young and middle-aged adults that is ineffective in older adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"750-769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decreased resting-state brain function in older adults predicts enlarged representational momentum. 老年人大脑静息状态功能的降低预示着表象动量的扩大。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000832

Xiaokang Jin, Juntao Chen, Shizhen Yan, Ziping Liang, Ziliang Zhu, Shilin Wei, Hua Jin, Hengyi Rao

{"title":"Decreased resting-state brain function in older adults predicts enlarged representational momentum.","authors":"Xiaokang Jin, Juntao Chen, Shizhen Yan, Ziping Liang, Ziliang Zhu, Shilin Wei, Hua Jin, Hengyi Rao","doi":"10.1037/pag0000832","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000832","url":null,"abstract":"Representational momentum (RM) refers to the phenomenon in which an observer's judgment of the final location of a previously viewed moving target is often displaced forward in the direction of motion. This phenomenon is an adaptive mechanism that compensates for neural processing delays and is closely associated with visual cortex function. However, the impact of age-related decline of visual cortex function on the manifestations of RM remains unclear. The present study examined differences in the RM effect between older (N = 82) and younger adults (N = 74) using a cursor-positioning task. Additionally, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to explore the potential neural substrates that underlie these differences, employing amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF, reflecting the intensity of neural activity) and regional homogeneity (ReHo, reflecting the synchronization of neural activity) as indicators. Our findings indicate a significant increase in RM among older adults compared with younger adults. Neuroimaging data revealed a significant decrease in ALFF and ReHo within extensive regions of the visual cortex in older adults, validating age-related differences in this cortical area. More importantly, ALFF values in the bilateral visual area 3 and ReHo values in the bilateral visual area 2 in older adults exhibited a strong negative correlation with their RM effects. These results suggest that larger RM in older adults may be functional compensation for aging of the visual cortex. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"792-803"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-perceptions of aging predict adjustment during the COVID-19 pandemic. 对衰老的自我认知可预测 COVID-19 大流行期间的适应情况。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000855

Hannah L Giasson, William J Chopik, Hyewon Yang

{"title":"Self-perceptions of aging predict adjustment during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Hannah L Giasson, William J Chopik, Hyewon Yang","doi":"10.1037/pag0000855","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000855","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals faced extraordinary challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, psychosocial strengths may promote individuals' adjustment during times of challenge. Positive self-perceptions of aging (SPA) have been found to predict a variety of health and well-being indicators outside the context of the pandemic. In the present study, we examined SPA (measured prior to the pandemic) as a prospective predictor of COVID-19-related behavior, adaptation, and functioning in a sample of 3,620 adults (Mage = 65.88; 61.1% women; 65.4% White) from the 2016 to 2020 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Linear regressions revealed that more positive SPA in 2016 were associated with a higher likelihood of socially distanced behavior (β = .07, p < .001), less worry (β = -.27, p < .001), less stress (β = -.24, p < .001), less loneliness (β = -.27, p < .001), and greater positive functioning (β = .20, p < .001) during the first year of the pandemic (2020). Confounding variables explained SPA's associations with preventive behavior and (to an extent) socially distanced behavior. Findings support SPA theories, suggesting linkages between SPA and flexible, adaptive behaviors and outcomes in the face of external challenges. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":"39 7","pages":"818-828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduced interhemispheric transfer in older adults: Evidence from a divided visual field one-back task. 老年人大脑半球间转移的减少：来自分割视野单回任务的证据。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000838

Jean-François Delvenne

{"title":"Reduced interhemispheric transfer in older adults: Evidence from a divided visual field one-back task.","authors":"Jean-François Delvenne","doi":"10.1037/pag0000838","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000838","url":null,"abstract":"One of the pivotal structural changes observed in the ageing brain pertains to the corpus callosum, the largest neural pathway interconnecting the two cerebral hemispheres. Studies have highlighted the degeneration of the corpus callosum, particularly in its anterior segments, as individuals age. This prompts an essential question regarding the potential functional repercussions of these structural changes on interhemispheric communication among older adults. Two experiments were conducted to explore potential compromises in the interhemispheric transfer of visual working memory (VWM) in older adults. Both young individuals (aged 18-28 years) and healthy older adults (aged 65-85 years) engaged in modified versions of the one-back paradigm. In this task, stimuli were sequentially presented in either the left or right hemifield, and participants indicated whether each stimulus matched the preceding one. Notably, when two stimuli are matched, they could appear either in the same hemifield or in opposite hemifields. The results revealed that, in comparison to young adults, older adults demonstrated a significant increase in matching errors when the two stimuli were presented in opposite hemifields rather than the same hemifield. This new finding strongly suggests a reduced interhemispheric transfer of VWM in older adults, potentially attributed to age-related atrophy in the anterior part of the corpus callosum. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"781-791"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced multisensory gain in older adults may be a by-product of inverse effectiveness: Evidence from a speeded response-time task. 老年人多感官增益的增强可能是逆效能的副产品：来自加速反应时间任务的证据。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000850

Laura C Schneeberger, Alyssa Lynn, Vanessa Scarcelli, Ala Seif, Ryan A Stevenson

{"title":"Enhanced multisensory gain in older adults may be a by-product of inverse effectiveness: Evidence from a speeded response-time task.","authors":"Laura C Schneeberger, Alyssa Lynn, Vanessa Scarcelli, Ala Seif, Ryan A Stevenson","doi":"10.1037/pag0000850","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000850","url":null,"abstract":"Older adults experience a greater benefit from multisensory integration than their younger counterparts, but it is unclear why. One hypothesis is that age-related sensory decline weakens unisensory stimulus effectiveness, causing a boost in multisensory gain through inverse effectiveness. Many previous studies present stimuli at the same intensity for both younger and older adults (i.e., stimulus-matched), as opposed to accounting for each participant's unique perceptual ability (i.e., perception-matched). This makes it difficult to discern the source of age-related differences in multisensory gain. As such, we used two experiments to examine whether sensory decline is contributing to age-related differences in multisensory gain. In the first, we presented auditory (pure tones in noise), visual (Gabor patches in noise), and audiovisual stimuli and recorded response times from 31 younger (18-25) and 30 older (55-80) adults. Importantly, all participants were given identical stimuli, with the expectation that older adults would show worse unisensory performance, inducing inverse effectiveness. The second task was identical (younger N = 31, older N = 34), except stimuli were presented at each participant's 50% detection threshold, identified with an adaptive psychophysical staircase, controlling for any influence of inverse effectiveness. Older adults were found to exhibit greater multisensory gain (as measured by race model violations) on stimulus- but not perception-matched tasks, thus aligning with the principle of inverse effectiveness. That is, when accounting for potential age-related differences in perceptual abilities, older adults no longer experienced greater benefit from multisensory integration. These two experiments together suggest that the age-related increases in multisensory integration previously reported may be in part due to age-related declines in vision and audition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"770-780"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0