Psychology and Aging最新文献_第10页

A wandering (older) mind is a happy mind: Age moderates the combined effects of mind wandering and executive function on momentary affective state. 游移（年老）的心灵是快乐的心灵：年龄调节游移和执行功能对瞬间情感状态的综合影响。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000931

Yudhajit Ain, Simrit Rai, Ann Galbraith, Jessica R Andrews-Hanna, Julia W Y Kam, Brandy L Callahan

{"title":"A wandering (older) mind is a happy mind: Age moderates the combined effects of mind wandering and executive function on momentary affective state.","authors":"Yudhajit Ain, Simrit Rai, Ann Galbraith, Jessica R Andrews-Hanna, Julia W Y Kam, Brandy L Callahan","doi":"10.1037/pag0000931","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000931","url":null,"abstract":"Growing evidence suggests that healthy aging is reliably associated with a positivity bias, benefiting affective well-being in older age. The socioemotional selectivity theory suggests that the positivity bias is subserved by top-down attentional processes, whereas the dynamic integration theory suggests it is subserved by bottom-up attentional processes. However, little is known about whether the age-related positivity bias manifests to the same extent in individuals with lower levels of executive function, such as those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. It is also unclear whether the positivity bias is observed in naturalistic contexts and specifically how momentary attentional states in daily life, such as on-task attention, or mind wandering (intentionally or unintentionally), may moderate the positivity bias. To address these questions, we recruited 101 adults (aged 19-79) with self-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and probed their momentary attentional and affective states during everyday life, six times daily for 7 days. Using attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom levels as an index of executive dysfunction, we examined the interaction between age, executive function, and momentary attentional state in predicting momentary affective valence. Results indicate that older adults showed a more positive relationship between executive dysfunction and affective valence during unintentional mind wandering (compared with on-task attention), whereas younger adults exhibited the opposite pattern. Our findings provide preferential support for the dynamic integration theory rather than the socioemotional selectivity theory account of the positivity bias and highlight the moderating effect of age on a complex relationship between executive dysfunction, momentary attentional state, and affective valence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"189-204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The construct validity of daily cognitive variability. 日常认知变异性的构念效度。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000932

Andrew J Aschenbrenner, Joshua J Jackson

{"title":"The construct validity of daily cognitive variability.","authors":"Andrew J Aschenbrenner, Joshua J Jackson","doi":"10.1037/pag0000932","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000932","url":null,"abstract":"Cognition is a dynamic process and is subject to substantial variation across short and long timescales. It is becoming common to assess cognition repeatedly over short intervals to determine the correlates and consequences of such \"cognitive variability.\" A high-frequency cognitive assessment approach is also an ideal method for measuring how cognition operates in daily life. Nevertheless, several fundamental questions regarding the nature of cognitive variability remain unanswered. We utilize data from the COGITO study, which administered nine separate cognitive tests to more than 200 participants for 100 days to answer the following questions: Do different tasks exhibit similarly reliable levels of variability, and does variability cluster into distinct cognitive domains? This rich data set was analyzed using Bayesian mixed-effects location scale models which simultaneously estimate individual means and variability. All nine tasks exhibited significant variability across the 100 days of testing. Tasks within the domains of episodic memory or processing speed were moderately correlated with each other suggesting some degree of domain specificity. Working memory tasks, on the other hand, did not correlate well with each other suggesting variability in these tasks is dominated by momentary or task-specific influences. These findings not only advance our theoretical understanding of what cognitive variability is but also provide insight into which cognitive tests are most suitable for high-frequency administration and thus may be most amenable to use for studying aging and cognitive processes as they occur in daily life. Appropriate limits on the generalizability of our results are noted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"205-216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12373022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dynamic interplay of daily uplifts and stressors with subjective age. 日常提升和压力源与主观年龄的动态相互作用。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000914

Anna E Kornadt, Maria Wirth, Shevaun D Neupert, Yuval Palgi, Amit Shrira, Christoph Niepel

{"title":"The dynamic interplay of daily uplifts and stressors with subjective age.","authors":"Anna E Kornadt, Maria Wirth, Shevaun D Neupert, Yuval Palgi, Amit Shrira, Christoph Niepel","doi":"10.1037/pag0000914","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000914","url":null,"abstract":"Negative experiences in daily life are related to feeling older, but the role of daily positive experiences for subjective age has rarely been investigated. Furthermore, the directionality of the relation between subjective age and daily experiences remains unclear. We thus investigated the dynamic interplay of daily subjective age and both daily stressors and uplifts. We hypothesized that the experience of daily stressors would be related to an older subjective age and daily uplifts to a younger subjective age. We also predicted reciprocal relations of stressors/uplifts and subjective age across days and addressed these questions using both a single item and a multidimensional operationalization of subjective age, asking about felt age in different domains. We used data from a daily diary study including N = 69 participants aged 52-75 years (Mage = 62.72, SD = 5.57, 58% women) who reported on their subjective age, daily stressors, and uplift experiences on 14 consecutive days. Dynamic structural equation models showed a differentiated picture: More uplifts were related to a younger subjective age within and between persons. Reporting more uplifts than usual on a given day predicted a younger subjective age than usual on the next day and vice versa, albeit the latter effect was only significant for the multidimensional operationalization. Surprisingly, stressors were unrelated to subjective age. The findings emphasize the importance of uplifts for daily aging experiences and provide empirical evidence for the conceptualization of subjective age as both a product and a driver of daily experiences in later life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"161-175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Momentary experience of successful aging among high-commitment volunteers and social innovators. 高投入志愿者和社会创新者成功衰老的瞬间体验。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000972

Dwight C K Tse, Kelsey P Finley, Linzi F Crawford, Jeanne Nakamura

{"title":"Momentary experience of successful aging among high-commitment volunteers and social innovators.","authors":"Dwight C K Tse, Kelsey P Finley, Linzi F Crawford, Jeanne Nakamura","doi":"10.1037/pag0000972","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000972","url":null,"abstract":"A significant body of research exists regarding the benefits of engaging in prosocial behaviors for older adults. However, less is understood about how prosocial behaviors are associated with the subjective experience and evaluation of successful aging in situ. Successful aging refers to a developmental process characterized by the achievement and maintenance of good health, high functioning, social engagement, and positive well-being. This study explored the relationship between prosocial engagement and subjective successful aging at the momentary level. The ebbs and flows of prosocial activity in daily life may carry costs and benefits at different times, especially among older adults who dedicate significant time and effort to prosocial avenues. A purposive sample of 165 older high-commitment volunteers and social innovators (Mage = 71.13, SD = 5.70) participated in a 7-day experience sampling study, responding to surveys at six random times per day. Results revealed that past-hour prosocial engagement was positively associated with both moment-level and person-level subjective successful aging indicators. These findings support an experiential, less static perspective on successful aging, highlighting how everyday prosocial actions are associated with older adults' momentary perceptions of aging well. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"231-240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146020242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social interactions buffer the effects of poor health on older adults' well-being. 社会互动可以缓冲健康状况不佳对老年人福祉的影响。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000915

Carlotta E Grünjes, Birthe Macdonald, Gizem Hülür

{"title":"Social interactions buffer the effects of poor health on older adults' well-being.","authors":"Carlotta E Grünjes, Birthe Macdonald, Gizem Hülür","doi":"10.1037/pag0000915","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000915","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines whether social interactions in different modalities buffer the effects of poor self-reported health on well-being in older adults. We apply multilevel models to experience sampling data including daily assessments of health, frequency of social interactions (face-to-face, telephone, and digital text-based) and well-being (positive and negative affect, loneliness) from 118 older adults (Mage = 71.75; SDage = 5.05). Between subjects, fewer health complaints were associated with higher well-being. Within-subjects, well-being was higher on days when subjects reported better health and fewer health complaints than their average. The findings regarding the buffering effects were inconsistent: In line with our hypothesis, on days with more face-to-face interactions, the effect of daily self-reported health on loneliness was smaller. Similarly, on days with more telephone interactions, the effects of daily self-reported health on positive affect and loneliness were smaller. Furthermore, for participants who experienced more telephone calls than others, the effect of overall health complaints on negative affect and loneliness was smaller. For participants who experienced more digital text-based social interactions than others, the effect of overall health complaints on positive affect and the effect of self-reported health on loneliness were weaker. Follow-up analyses that examined the pleasantness of social interaction as a buffering factor show that pleasantness did not buffer adverse effects of poor health on well-being more consistently than the frequency of social interactions did. Taken together, our findings show that poor health is a risk factor for well-being and social interactions in different modalities might partially buffer those adverse effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"217-230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A lifespan perspective on daily well-being: Differences in within-person variability by well-being domains and age. 日常幸福的生命周期视角：幸福领域和年龄的个人变异性差异。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000942

Gabrielle N Pfund, Jonathan Rush

{"title":"A lifespan perspective on daily well-being: Differences in within-person variability by well-being domains and age.","authors":"Gabrielle N Pfund, Jonathan Rush","doi":"10.1037/pag0000942","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000942","url":null,"abstract":"To better understand age-related processes tied to well-being, the current work explores how fluctuations in well-being in daily life differ based on age and various well-being domains. Additionally, this research investigates whether the magnitude of concurrent within-person changes in well-being domains varies based on age. Accordingly, the present study called upon daily diary data from two age-diverse samples: a young adult sample (N = 144; age: M = 19.56, SD = 2.09, range = 17-28) and older adult sample (N = 81; age: M = 69.04, SD = 9.06, range = 55-94). Mixed effect location scale models suggested that older adults on average scored higher than young adults on daily self-acceptance, engagement, sense of purpose, autonomy, competence, personal growth, relatedness, vitality, and positive affect; scored lower on negative affect; and did not score differently on life satisfaction. Meanwhile, young adults experienced more daily within-person variability in all 11 well-being domains. Finally, multigroup, multilevel structural equation models showed that, at the between-person level, negative affect was more strongly tied to other well-being domains in young adults, while positive affect and vitality were more strongly tied to other well-being domains in older adults. At the within-person level, changes in one daily well-being domain were more strongly associated with changes in another 65% of the time for young adults and 33% of the time for older adults. The present study highlights differences in daily well-being processes tied to age and the larger role that daily events and experiences may play in shaping the short-term experiences of well-being in young adults' daily lives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"268-284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subjective semantic search space as an estimate of prior knowledge predicts curiosity to learn among younger and older adults. 主观语义搜索空间作为先验知识的估计预测好奇心的年轻人和老年人的学习。

IF 3.6 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000980

Ashley Chen, Alan D Castel

{"title":"Subjective semantic search space as an estimate of prior knowledge predicts curiosity to learn among younger and older adults.","authors":"Ashley Chen, Alan D Castel","doi":"10.1037/pag0000980","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000980","url":null,"abstract":"Although aging is associated with changes in cognitive functioning, older adults can show an intact ability to remember information that they are curious to know about. Some research suggests that older adults may exhibit greater states of curiosity during laboratory tasks compared to younger adults, as larger semantic networks characteristic of older age (e.g., more prior knowledge) may support learning and motivation. Still, what exactly constitutes prior knowledge remains ambiguous, raising the question of whether curiosity may be the outcome of an inferential appraisal whereby one estimates the number of answer candidates in their search space. In two experiments, younger and older adults saw a series of trivia questions, reported how many answer candidates were accessible, and rated their confidence and curiosity to learn the correct answer. We found that older adults were more likely to endorse having one answer candidate, but the presence of multiple (e.g., two, three, or more) answer candidates was associated with high states of curiosity and low confidence across both age groups. Therefore, observed age-related differences in state curiosity may stem less from differences in search space and more from a general motivation to learn. Overall, while curiosity may manifest differently across the lifespan, subjective semantic search space as an inferred estimate of prior knowledge appears to be a reliable predictor of one's desire to learn among younger and older adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12948148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147291462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000939

Marianna Pope, Joseph H R Maes, Joukje M Oosterman, Roy P C Kessels, Iris Wiegand

{"title":"Age-related differences in performance on a categorical visual foraging task.","authors":"Marianna Pope, Joseph H R Maes, Joukje M Oosterman, Roy P C Kessels, Iris Wiegand","doi":"10.1037/pag0000939","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000939","url":null,"abstract":"Older adults often exhibit reduced performance in visual search tasks and more exploitation in foraging tasks. Target-distractor similarity-a common difficulty manipulation in visual search-can offer insight into age-related differences in visual attention and foraging strategies. However, this manipulation has rarely been assessed with categorical information or been implemented in foraging tasks, which could enhance the ecological validity of such paradigms. This study investigated age-related differences in a foraging task using a categorical target-distractor similarity manipulation. Younger adults (aged 18-35 years, n = 65) and older adults (aged 55-80 years, n = 66) without cognitive impairment completed an online foraging task, where they searched for multiple target objects belonging to a specific category (e.g., \"bed\") among distractors from either high similarity categories (e.g., \"furniture\") or low similarity categories (e.g., \"clothes\"). Older participants were generally slower, collected fewer targets, and showed less search efficiency in the high similarity condition. However, both age groups demonstrated similar foraging strategies, showing slightly more exploitation in the high similarity condition. Target-distractor similarity appeared to increase demands on attentional control, especially for older participants. Nonetheless, exploration-exploitation behavior was less affected, suggesting that older participants attempted to mitigate the cognitive demands of target-distractor similarity by strategies such as collecting fewer targets. These findings indicate age-related differences in categorical search and highlight how older adults can adapt to increased cognitive control demands to maintain optimal foraging behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"104-115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subjective age in proximal and distal contexts: Both momentary pain and long-term trajectories of physical health shape daily dynamics of subjective age. 主观年龄在近端和远端语境：短暂的疼痛和身体健康的长期轨迹塑造了主观年龄的日常动态。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000944

Markus Wettstein, Johanna Drewelies, Anna E Kornadt, Sandra Düzel, Ulman Lindenberger, Ilja Demuth, Christiane A Hoppmann, Nilàm Ram, Denis Gerstorf

{"title":"Subjective age in proximal and distal contexts: Both momentary pain and long-term trajectories of physical health shape daily dynamics of subjective age.","authors":"Markus Wettstein, Johanna Drewelies, Anna E Kornadt, Sandra Düzel, Ulman Lindenberger, Ilja Demuth, Christiane A Hoppmann, Nilàm Ram, Denis Gerstorf","doi":"10.1037/pag0000944","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000944","url":null,"abstract":"Subjective age-the age people feel-fluctuates considerably across days and even within days. We investigated how subjective age fluctuations are intertwined with experiences of momentary pain and how the within-person couplings of subjective age and pain are shaped by long-term changes in physical health using data from 139 older individuals participating in the Berlin Aging Study II (age 67-88, 41.3% women). After providing long-term longitudinal data across on average 7 years on central facets of physical health (pain severity, pain interference, chronic diseases) study participants completed repeated daily-life assessments of subjective age and pain up to six times per day across one full week. Results from dynamic structural equation models that combine latent change score models with location scale models of intraindividual variability indicate that in moments when individuals report pain that is 10 points above their overall average pain (on a scale from 0 = no pain to 100 = most intense pain), they feel a third of a year older than their average subjective age. Individuals who experienced steeper long-term 7-year increases in both pain severity and pain interference exhibited a stronger subjective age reactivity to momentary pain (i.e., within-person couplings of elevated momentary pain with an older subjective age) and greater subjective age systemic noise (i.e., nonpain-related momentary fluctuations in subjective age). Our findings suggest that moment-to-moment fluctuations in older adults' subjective age in daily life are shaped both by moment-to-moment fluctuations in pain and cumulative long-term physical health trajectories. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"85-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145439580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are work characteristics related to personality development during the retirement transition? 退休过渡期的工作特点是否与人格发展有关？

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000937

Lena Schimanski, Johanna Hartung, Gizem Hülür

{"title":"Are work characteristics related to personality development during the retirement transition?","authors":"Lena Schimanski, Johanna Hartung, Gizem Hülür","doi":"10.1037/pag0000937","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000937","url":null,"abstract":"Work is one major developmental context in adulthood, as most adults spend considerable time at work. Retirement causes extensive changes in social contexts, daily routines, and individuals' identity. Little is known about how work characteristics are associated with personality trajectories, especially during the retirement transition. In the present study, we examined associations between changes in Big Five personality traits during the retirement transition and work environment characteristics (autonomy, skill discretion, and demands) as well as work effort. Based on three-wave longitudinal data from the Midlife in the United States study, we identified n = 286 adults (50-77 years, M = 57.83, SD = 5.00; 51% women), who retired during the study period, and a control group who did not retire (n = 260, 50-71 years, M = 54.28, SD = 3.82; 54% women). We analyzed data using latent change score models. The measurement model for conscientiousness was not time-invariant, therefore mean differences could not be analyzed. Significant mean-level decreases were found for neuroticism in both groups and for openness in retirees. There were only few significant associations between preretirement work characteristics and personality change: In retirees, higher preretirement skill discretion was associated with greater neuroticism decline and higher autonomy with less openness decline. In nonretirees, higher autonomy was associated with greater decline in extraversion. These findings suggest that work characteristics are not a major influence on personality trait changes during the retirement transition. Possible explanations and research desiderata concerning personality development in the context of retirement are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"68-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0