Psychology and Aging最新文献

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000890

Cara I Charles, Caitlin R Bowman

{"title":"Age-related differences in associative inference are larger than differences in direct associative memory.","authors":"Cara I Charles, Caitlin R Bowman","doi":"10.1037/pag0000890","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000890","url":null,"abstract":"Inferential reasoning is an important cognitive ability that allows us to make connections across past experiences to make decisions in the face of novel information. Making an inference involves the ability to remember separate experiences with overlapping elements (direct memory) and the ability to make connections between those experiences (inference/indirect memory). While older adults are known to have a deficit for direct associative memory, less is known about potential age differences in inference. In the present study, we administered an associative inference task to healthy young (aged 18-30; n = 83) and older adults (aged 60+; n = 80). We tested whether there is an age difference in inference abilities above and beyond age deficits in direct associative memory. Results showed an age-related deficit in inference that was larger than for direct associative memory. This finding is consistent with inferences in both age groups being based largely on overlapping memories encoded individually and recalled simultaneously when inferences were required, with older adults having more difficulty with this process than young adults. We also found that older adults were more likely than young adults to show source confusion after having made a successful inference, which is consistent with older adults tending to integrate across related experiences to a greater degree than young adults. Thus, we find a clear age-related deficit in inference abilities above and beyond direct associative memory, with age-related declines in flexible retrieval only partially offset by age-related increases in integration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"524-536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Borderline personality features moderate trajectories of health and well-being around retirement. 边缘人格特征是退休前后健康和幸福的适度轨迹。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000891

Isaiah Spears, Patrick J Cruitt, Sara J Weston, Aaron J Gorelik, Ryan Bogdan, Thomas F Oltmanns, Patrick L Hill

{"title":"Borderline personality features moderate trajectories of health and well-being around retirement.","authors":"Isaiah Spears, Patrick J Cruitt, Sara J Weston, Aaron J Gorelik, Ryan Bogdan, Thomas F Oltmanns, Patrick L Hill","doi":"10.1037/pag0000891","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000891","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing percentages of the population in retirement, or approaching retirement, it is important to better understand how an individual's health and well-being may change during the retirement transition and for whom this transition may be particularly beneficial or problematic. Toward this end, the present study evaluated borderline personality disorder features as predictors of well-being and health trajectories from pre-to-post retirement, using up to seven waves of longitudinal data from the St. Louis Personality and Aging Network study. Participants were 590 older adults (aged 55-65, M = 60.6 at baseline) who retired over the course of their participation in the study (55% women, 45% men; 65% White/Caucasian, 32% Black/African American). Nonlinear change models were used to assess participants' patterns of life satisfaction, physical functioning, and depressive symptoms throughout the retirement transition. Results showed that older adults with higher borderline personality disorder features tended to report worse well-being and health in general. However, counter to expectations, there was limited evidence suggesting that the retirement transition yielded differential trajectories for health and well-being based on borderline personality disorder features. Notably, there were modest moderation effects observed for depressive symptoms. Key findings are discussed in terms of how the current work contributes to the field's existing understanding of retirement as a significant life transition affecting personal well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"510-523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gamified working memory intervention enhances prefrontal neurocognitive plasticity during aging. 游戏化工作记忆干预增强了衰老过程中前额叶神经认知的可塑性。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000895

Ping Wang, Zi-Xuan Zhou, Peng Gao, Hai-Yan Hou, Jia-Xin Zhang, Hui-Jie Li, Xi-Nian Zuo

{"title":"Gamified working memory intervention enhances prefrontal neurocognitive plasticity during aging.","authors":"Ping Wang, Zi-Xuan Zhou, Peng Gao, Hai-Yan Hou, Jia-Xin Zhang, Hui-Jie Li, Xi-Nian Zuo","doi":"10.1037/pag0000895","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000895","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the critical role of working memory (WM) in age-related cognitive decline, WM interventions are proposed as an effective approach for promoting healthy aging. However, traditional WM interventions often yield limited results, possibly due to a lack of interest and challenge. In light of the recent prominent trend of gamification, this study developed a challenging gamified WM intervention aimed at improving WM and providing extensive cognitive benefits for older adults, along with entertainment. Seventy-six older adults were randomly assigned to either the WM intervention group or the active control group. All participants underwent twelve 1-hr training sessions spanning 6 weeks. For each participant, cognitive assessments were completed at pretest, posttest, and 6 months after the intervention while structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting-state functional MRI scans were conducted before and after intervention. The results revealed significant improvements in WM, inhibitory control, visuospatial processing, and episodic memory among older adults following the intervention. The left frontal pole, located in the rostral prefrontal cortex (rPFC), exhibited increased cortical thickness accompanied by reduced functional homogeneity and weakened connectivity with the left inferior temporal gyrus. Further statistical learning analysis demonstrated a consistent relationship between the changes at the left frontal pole and improved WM performance, suggesting that the rPFC may support WM and play a protective role in brain aging. The findings highlight the broad benefits of the gamified WM intervention on neurocognitive plasticity in the rPFC of older adults, indicating its potential as a promising tool for mitigating neurocognitive decline during the aging process. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"490-509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the return journey: Determinants of route retracing in younger and older adults. 了解返程：年轻人和老年人返程的决定因素。

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000886

Denise Head, Hannah Maybrier, Marta Stojanovic, Taylor F Levine, Cheyenne Parson

{"title":"Understanding the return journey: Determinants of route retracing in younger and older adults.","authors":"Denise Head, Hannah Maybrier, Marta Stojanovic, Taylor F Levine, Cheyenne Parson","doi":"10.1037/pag0000886","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000886","url":null,"abstract":"Route retracing (i.e., returning to your start location) is critical for successful navigation in everyday life. While age-related impairment in traversing a route from a start location to target destination has been well-established, age differences in the ability to reverse a previously learned path has been less examined. Previous work found that studying a map facilitates better route retracing for older adults than studying a route from an egocentric perspective during initial learning. However, the mechanism for this benefit is unclear. This study examined whether facilitating allocentric representation, egocentric perspective taking, or temporal sequencing would benefit route retracing performance in younger (n = 69; aged 18-36) and older (n = 70; aged 61-85) adults. In addition, the role of individual differences in allocentric representation development, egocentric perspective taking, temporal sequencing, procedural learning, as well as hippocampal and caudate volume in route performance was examined. Older adults benefited from developing an allocentric representation of the environment and simultaneous exposure to landmark temporal order when reversing a route but did not show a benefit from minimizing demands on egocentric perspective taking. Both cognitive map formation and egocentric perspective taking tasks were each more strongly associated with route retracing than route repetition across age groups. Results suggest that older adults may benefit from specific strategies to develop and retain a flexible environmental representation, which would allow for successful route retracing. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"537-557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The affect gap in risky choice is similar for younger and older adults. 年轻人和老年人在风险选择上的影响差距是相似的。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000889

Colleen C Frank, Thorsten Pachur

{"title":"The affect gap in risky choice is similar for younger and older adults.","authors":"Colleen C Frank, Thorsten Pachur","doi":"10.1037/pag0000889","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000889","url":null,"abstract":"While risky decision making is often studied using decisions with relatively affect-poor outcomes (typically moderate amounts of money), many decisions in the real world elicit higher levels of affect (e.g., medical decisions). Research suggests that choices diverge between relatively affect-rich decisions and relatively affect-poor monetary decisions. However, it is unknown to what extent this \"affect gap\" holds in older adults, who make some of the most consequential medical and financial decisions among the population and have been shown to process affect differently than younger adults. In the present study, we compared decision quality and risk attitude in affect-rich choice problems (with medical side effects as possible outcomes) to that in structurally identical and economically matched affect-poor choice problems (with monetary losses as possible outcomes) in 100 older (aged 65-80 years, M = 69.7) and 100 younger (aged 18-29 years, M = 23.5) adults. Replicating previous findings on the affect gap, individuals were more risk averse (odds ratio [OR] = 1.52) and made worse quality decisions (OR = 2.13) for affect-rich than for affect-poor problems. Importantly, this pattern emerged very similarly for younger and older adults. Computational modeling with cumulative prospect theory indicated that participants tended to weight probability information less strongly for affect-rich than for affect-poor choices, regardless of age. Yet, while younger adults were more sensitive to differences in affect-rich than in affect-poor outcomes, older adults showed similar sensitivity to differences in affect-rich and affect-poor outcomes. These findings demonstrate the robustness of the affect gap across age groups and have implications for risk communication. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"575-582"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age differences in social affective forecasting. 社会情感预测的年龄差异。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-28 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000888

Daphne J Wootton, Julie D Henry, Sarah P Coundouris, Olivia P Demichelis, Sarah A Grainger

{"title":"Age differences in social affective forecasting.","authors":"Daphne J Wootton, Julie D Henry, Sarah P Coundouris, Olivia P Demichelis, Sarah A Grainger","doi":"10.1037/pag0000888","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000888","url":null,"abstract":"Almost all prior literature on affective forecasting in older age has focused exclusively on discrete outcomes in nonsocial contexts (such as winning monetary rewards) and not a single study to date has examined age-related differences in affective forecasting in social contexts. Because close social relationships are prioritized as people age, the present study was designed to provide the first test of how younger and older adults forecast their emotions when anticipating an interaction with a real social partner. We recruited younger and older adults and asked them to forecast their positive and negative emotions in response to a brief face-to-face interaction with a social partner (female confederate) before reporting their actual experienced emotions after the interaction. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions in which they were either primed to perceive closeness with their conversation partner or not. Overall, older adults predicted and experienced more positive and less negative emotions relative to their younger counterparts. However, no other age effects emerged. Both age groups overestimated their negative and underanticipated their positive future emotions to a similar degree (although this latter effect was stronger in the perceived closeness vs. control condition). These findings offer support for the hypothesis that normative shifts in goal orientation and affective experience associated with aging may influence the valence of forecasted and experienced emotion and, importantly, demonstrate that affective forecasting accuracy is not negatively impacted by age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"479-489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rule-based learning among older adults: Overcoming prior beliefs for better trust-related decisions. 老年人中基于规则的学习：克服先前的信念以获得更好的与信任相关的决策。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000897

Shuyao Liao, Jianbo Chen, Linlin Chen, Chao Chen, Hang Zhang, Xin Zhang

{"title":"Rule-based learning among older adults: Overcoming prior beliefs for better trust-related decisions.","authors":"Shuyao Liao, Jianbo Chen, Linlin Chen, Chao Chen, Hang Zhang, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1037/pag0000897","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000897","url":null,"abstract":"Older adults are known to prioritize unreliable facial cues (facial trustworthiness) over relevant behavioral information (behavioral evaluation) when judging trustworthiness, increasing their risk of falling victim to fraud. This study examines age-related difference in the initial preference for facial over behavioral cues, and whether older adults could overcome such biased preference through learning. An associative memory-free, rule-based one-shot trust game was used, where 104 younger adults (aged 18-28, Mage = 21.38, SDage = 2.41; 31 males) and 105 older adults (aged 60-77, Mage = 65.55, SDage = 4.15; 32 males) each completed 96 trials, deciding whether to invest in trustees based on their face and behavioral evaluation of trustworthiness. Computational modeling revealed that compared to younger participants, older adults relied more on perceived facial trustworthiness, rather than using the diagnostic cue of behavioral evaluation at the beginning. Nevertheless, older adults were able to learn to increase their decision weight for the diagnostic cue progressively, as younger adults did, with the feedback provided during the task. Such results showcased older adults' capability to learn the implicit rules and adjust their decisions from feedback. These findings contribute to the development of interventions aimed at preventing fraud victimization and promoting decision-making quality among older adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"449-461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age differences in the reactivity effect of judgments of learning on recognition memory. 学习判断对识别记忆反应效应的年龄差异。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000901

Jun Zheng, Baike Li, Ningxin Su, Wenbo Zhao, Dahua Wang, Xiao Hu, Zhaomin Liu, Chunliang Yang, Liang Luo

{"title":"Age differences in the reactivity effect of judgments of learning on recognition memory.","authors":"Jun Zheng, Baike Li, Ningxin Su, Wenbo Zhao, Dahua Wang, Xiao Hu, Zhaomin Liu, Chunliang Yang, Liang Luo","doi":"10.1037/pag0000901","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000901","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies established that engaging metacognitive monitoring via making judgments of learning (JOLs) can directly enhance young adults' recognition memory, a phenomenon termed the reactivity effect of JOLs. The present study explored the reactive influence of making JOLs on older adults' recognition memory and probed the potential age-related differences in this effect. In three experiments, participants were instructed to study four lists of words, with two lists studied with concurrent JOLs and the other two without, followed by a recognition test. The results provided strong evidence that making JOLs improves older adults' recognition performance (Experiments 1-3) through enhancing both recollection- and familiarity-based recognition (Experiment 3). But the positive reactivity effect on recognition memory for older adults was weaker than that for young adults (Experiments 2 and 3). To elucidate potential mechanisms underlying age-related differences in the reactivity effect, the present study also measured participants' learning engagement and cognitive abilities. The model results substantiated the mediating role of learning engagement, supporting the enhanced learning engagement theory, rather than the dual-task hypothesis, as an account for the reactivity effect on recognition memory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"558-574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial navigation strategy in older adults: Preference or ability? 老年人空间导航策略：偏好还是能力？

IF 3.5 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000896

Adam J Barnas, Jeffrey T Kunath, Eliany Perez, Zachary Boogaart, Dawn Bowers, Natalie C Ebner, Steven M Weisberg

{"title":"Spatial navigation strategy in older adults: Preference or ability?","authors":"Adam J Barnas, Jeffrey T Kunath, Eliany Perez, Zachary Boogaart, Dawn Bowers, Natalie C Ebner, Steven M Weisberg","doi":"10.1037/pag0000896","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000896","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial navigation strategies change in aging. Whereas younger adults use more shortcuts (place-based strategies), older adults use more familiar routes (response-based strategies). Does this bias in older adults reflect a preference for familiar routes or deficits in the ability to take shortcuts? We tested this question by providing an instructions-based intervention in which participants were told to take shortcuts rather than follow a learned route. We predicted that when instructed to do so, participants would increase shortcut taking overall, but older adults to a lesser extent than younger adults, supporting the notion that preference, rather than an inability to use place-based strategies, underlies the predilection for response-based strategies in older age. Younger (n = 64) and older (n = 65) adults completed two sessions of a desktop virtual navigation strategy task in which they could navigate to goal locations following a familiar route or taking a novel shortcut. In the first session, all participants received the instruction to navigate to goal locations. In the second session, half received the same instruction as before and the other half was instructed to take shortcuts. We computed participants' tendency toward place- or response-based strategies in each session. We replicated the finding that younger adults took more shortcuts when instructed; however, counter to our prediction, the instruction manipulation had no effect in older adults. These findings suggest that navigation strategy in younger adults is flexible and may reflect preference, whereas older adults more rigidly adhere to familiar routes, implying impaired or degraded survey knowledge. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"462-478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender disparities in the development of information and communication technology (ICT) literacy across adulthood: A two-wave study. 成人信息和通信技术（ICT）素养发展中的性别差异：两波研究。

IF 3.7 1区心理学

Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000923

Timo Gnambs, Mariann Schwaß

引用次数: 0