Psychology and Aging最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive functioning in perimenopause: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Amanda Bangle, Danielle Williams, Jared Walters, Lan Nguyen","doi":"10.1037/pag0000946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perimenopause is a transitional stage of reproductive aging characterized by fluctuating hormone levels which impact cognition. Cognitive concerns (e.g., forgetfulness, difficulty concentrating) are frequently reported during this stage and can affect daily functioning, work, and relationships. Numerous studies have reported that perimenopause is associated with subjective cognitive complaints and objective cognitive deficits; however, findings have been inconsistent due to methodological variability including different comparison groups (premenopause/postmenopause) and different outcomes investigated (attention, memory, etc.). This systematic review and meta-analytic investigation therefore sought to provide clarity by exploring differences in cognition during perimenopause compared to both premenopause and postmenopause. Across 26 articles comprising 9,428 participants, group differences were examined between perimenopausal and premenopausal women (21 studies), and between perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (21 studies). Overall, perimenopausal women exhibited poorer cognitive outcomes than premenopausal women (moderate effect), though, notably, this negative effect was only found in studies utilizing the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW+10) criteria to categorize menopausal/reproductive stages. In contrast, no differences were found between perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, though moderator analyses indicated that studies not utilizing the STRAW+10 criteria yielded significant effects (better cognition in perimenopausal than postmenopausal groups). Additionally, compared to postmenopausal women, perimenopausal women demonstrated better objective cognitive outcomes (accuracy, reaction time), with a trend for poorer self-reported outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of applying standardized reproductive staging (STRAW+10) and the inclusion of subjective and objective assessments in future research. A clearer understanding of cognitive changes during perimenopause may improve clinical assessment and inform interventions to support cognitive health in midlife women. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational social interaction is associated with reduced dementia risk: The Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT).","authors":"Bernt Bratsberg, Jennifer R Harris, Vegard Skirbekk, Yaakov Stern, Asta Kristine Håberg, Geir Selbæk, Bjørn Heine Strand, Trine Holt Edwin","doi":"10.1037/pag0000940","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lifetime social engagement could build cognitive reserve and lower the risk of dementia through compensatory effects on brain health. We aimed to investigate whether social interaction at work is protective of later-life cognitive impairment. Data from 9,248 participants of the population-based Norwegian HUNT4 70+ Study (2017-2019), with cognitive assessments at or after age 70, were linked retrospectively to longitudinal registry-based employment information spanning ages 30-65 years. An occupational social interaction score was computed using occupational characteristics from the O*NET database. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between occupational social interaction and dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), while linear regression was used to model the association with cognition using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The models were subsequently adjusted for confounding variables age, sex, education, and apolipoprotein E-ε4 genotype, as well as for midlife family, health, and lifestyle-related variables collected from national registries and earlier Trøndelag Health Study waves. Higher occupational social interaction was associated with reduced risks of dementia and MCI, and better MoCA performance. Adjusted for confounding from age, sex, education, and apolipoprotein E-ε4, each standard deviation higher occupational social interaction score was associated with a relative risk ratio of 0.89 for dementia (<i>p</i> = .003), 0.88 for MCI (<i>p</i> < .001), and a 0.31-point higher MoCA score (<i>p</i> < .001). Our findings highlight the importance of occupational social interaction in preserving and promoting cognitive health in later life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wandering (older) mind is a happy mind: Age moderates the combined effects of mind wandering and executive function on momentary affective state.","authors":"Yudhajit Ain, Simrit Rai, Ann Galbraith, Jessica R Andrews-Hanna, Julia W Y Kam, Brandy L Callahan","doi":"10.1037/pag0000931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing evidence suggests that healthy aging is reliably associated with a positivity bias, benefiting affective well-being in older age. The socioemotional selectivity theory suggests that the positivity bias is subserved by top-down attentional processes, whereas the dynamic integration theory suggests it is subserved by bottom-up attentional processes. However, little is known about whether the age-related positivity bias manifests to the same extent in individuals with lower levels of executive function, such as those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. It is also unclear whether the positivity bias is observed in naturalistic contexts and specifically how momentary attentional states in daily life, such as on-task attention, or mind wandering (intentionally or unintentionally), may moderate the positivity bias. To address these questions, we recruited 101 adults (aged 19-79) with self-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and probed their momentary attentional and affective states during everyday life, six times daily for 7 days. Using attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom levels as an index of executive dysfunction, we examined the interaction between age, executive function, and momentary attentional state in predicting momentary affective valence. Results indicate that older adults showed a more positive relationship between executive dysfunction and affective valence during unintentional mind wandering (compared with on-task attention), whereas younger adults exhibited the opposite pattern. Our findings provide preferential support for the dynamic integration theory rather than the socioemotional selectivity theory account of the positivity bias and highlight the moderating effect of age on a complex relationship between executive dysfunction, momentary attentional state, and affective valence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preserved context sensitivity in language production: Lexical differentiation in older adults.","authors":"Si On Yoon, Abigayle Shekleton, Daphna Heller","doi":"10.1037/pag0000941","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is often associated with cognitive decline, particularly in memory, which can impact language production. However, older adults (OA) do not exhibit a decline in crystallized intelligence, which reflects accumulated knowledge and expertise. The present study focuses on the referential phenomenon of lexical differentiation: When speakers refer to an object after earlier referring to a different exemplar from the same category, younger speakers sometimes use modified expressions (e.g., \"the open umbrella\") even though the earlier referent is no longer visible. We examine two hypotheses regarding lexical differentiation in older adults: the memory-based view that predicts less lexical differentiation in older adults due to memory decline, and the communication-based view that predicts equal or more lexical differentiation in older adults due to communicative and linguistic expertise. Results show that older adults produced similar levels of lexical differentiation (when considering all modifiers) and more lexical differentiation than younger adults (when focusing on prenominal modification), supporting the communication-based view. In addition, older adults produced more postnominal modifiers, which do not require early planning. These results highlight the adaptability of older adults in language production and provide new insights into how aging influences context-sensitive language use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental change and invariance in verbatim and gist memory: Cross-sectional and longitudinal applications of the dual-retrieval model.","authors":"C J Brainerd, Valerie F Reyna, Minyu Chang","doi":"10.1037/pag0000936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The verbatim-decline/gist-sparing principle has been proposed as a universal law of healthy aging. According to that principle, remembering that relies chiefly on verbatim retrieval declines steadily with age, whereas remembering that relies chiefly on retrieval of semantic gist is spared. The most definitive support for this principle comes from studies in which verbatim and gist retrieval were cleanly separated with the parameters of measurement models but that work is restricted to recognition data. Because recall is more sensitive to aging trends, we hypothesized that measurement models of recall might yield a richer picture of verbatim and gist development. To test that hypothesis, we conducted a combined cross-sectional/longitudinal study of the multitrial recall of large samples of younger adults (<i>M</i> = 20 years), younger old adults (<i>M</i> = 76 years), and older old adults (<i>M</i> = 84 years). When the data were analyzed with the dual-retrieval model, the model's verbatim parameters declined substantially between each of these age levels, but they also recovered substantially over learning trials. Crucially, the effects of learning on verbatim retrieval did not decline between the 20s and mid-70s. Unlike recognition, the model's gist parameters displayed robust aging trends, including counterintuitive age <i>improvements</i>: One component of gist retrieval (reconstruction) improved with age during later recall but declined with age during earlier recall, and the other component (familiarity judgment) improved with age during earlier recall. A critical new finding was that verbatim retrieval is much more responsive to learning opportunities than gist retrieval is. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of situational factors in momentary emotion regulation tactic and acceptance use in adulthood and older age.","authors":"Marissa A DiGirolamo, Shevaun D Neupert, Derek M Isaacowitz","doi":"10.1037/pag0000934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>What role do situational factors play in emotion regulation behavior in everyday life, and is this moderated by age? We present data from a longitudinal experience sampling study (<i>N</i> = 236, ages 18-87) measuring emotion regulation tactic and acceptance use and everyday life situations, with 35 reports over 7 days in three total bursts 4 weeks apart. Older ages were nonlinearly associated with increased likelihood of using positive-approaching tactics, peaking among the oldest individuals. However, tactic use fluctuated with certain self-reported objective situational types and subjective perceived characteristics of situations, with some age-related moderation: Older adults were more likely to use positive-approaching tactics specifically during emotion regulation events involving social interaction. In general, older ages were associated with a lower likelihood of using negative-receding tactics; younger adults were more likely to use these tactics in emotion regulation events involving romantic partners. Age also moderated the use of acceptance in some situations: Older adults were more likely to use emotional acceptance in romantic partner contexts and situational acceptance in objective work-related contexts. Examining emotion regulation tactic and acceptance use within situational contexts may help isolate the specific emotional situations that amplify (or minimize) age differences in emotion regulation behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145066033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leisure activities and working memory in older age: The mediating roles of affect and cortisol.","authors":"Minxia Luo, Elisa Weber, Theresa Pauly, Karolina Kolodziejczak-Krupp, Denis Gerstorf, Christiane A Hoppmann, Nilam Ram, Gizem Hülür, Christina Röcke","doi":"10.1037/pag0000935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leisure activities may protect cognitive performance in older age, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study examined the short-term time-lagged associations between leisure activities that are minimally physically active (e.g., meeting friends; hereinafter referred to as \"leisure activities\") and working memory, and whether affect and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (i.e., cortisol) mediate such associations. We examined 7,928 observations provided by 235 participants (aged 56-88 years, 49% women) from the German socioeconomic panel. Over 7 days, participants reported their leisure activities and affect (i.e., valence and arousal), completed an ambulatory working memory task, and provided saliva samples five times per day. Results from multivariate multilevel time series analyses show that a bout of leisure activity (that happened within the recent 3 hr) was associated with subsequent better working memory performance as captured 6 hr later, but not 3 hr later or at the same time. Moreover, high- and low-arousal positive affect and low-arousal negative affect mediated the temporal association. That is, a bout of leisure activity was associated with concurrent more high- and low-arousal positive affect and less low-arousal negative affect, which were associated with subsequent better working memory performance. In contrast, high-arousal negative affect and cortisol did not mediate the association. In addition, we observed heterogeneity across participants and reported generalizability of our hypothesis on leisure activities that are physically active (e.g., walking). In conclusion, engagement in leisure activities may have short-term benefits for working memory performance by enhancing affective well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older adults' double-step reaching is associated with motor imagery: A mouse-tracking task.","authors":"Shan Wang, Shujing Zhang, Kate Wilmut","doi":"10.1037/pag0000903","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related declines in motor control are well-documented. However, mixed findings are reported on the age-related changes in the ability to rapidly adjust ongoing movements in response to target perturbations. When age-related differences are observed, they are often attributed to a general age-related slowing rather than a specific decline in online correction. The lack of age-related differences is often speculated to result from compensatory strategies or preserved neurocomputational processes for online correction in older adults. This study was to (a) investigate whether there are age-related changes specific to online motor control and (b) explore the association between online motor control and motor imagery ability in older adults, as both processes rely on forward modeling to predict movement outcomes. Fifty-six young and 29 older participants completed a computer-based double-step reaching task. We found that older adults exhibited longer correction latencies, more rigid corrective movements, and reduced endpoint accuracy compared with younger adults. Notably, the prolonged correction times could not be fully explained by general age-related slowing in information processing. While older adults could use a speed-accuracy trade-off to enhance single-step reaching accuracy, this strategy was insufficient for double-step reaching, indicating age-related challenges in online motor correction. Moreover, older adults' online correction and double-step reaching accuracy were linked to their motor imagery ability, suggesting a reliance on forward modeling. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"658-668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associative memory for honest and dishonest faces in younger and older adults.","authors":"Kylie O Alberts, Mary C Whatley, Alan D Castel","doi":"10.1037/pag0000898","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Older adults often show a deficit in associative memory for faces paired with pieces of information. Older adults also have a heightened trust for faces despite the information the faces are associated with, in some cases. The present study investigated young and older adults' associative memory for faces associated with scams, donations, or a neutral label and whether trustworthiness would be reflective of these associations. In three experiments, participants viewed faces associated with these labels for either 6 s (Experiment 1), 3 s (Experiment 2), or unlimited time (Experiment 3) and were tested on their memory for the labels. In addition, they rated the faces on their honesty before and after the label was presented. While young adults were more accurate than older adults when recalling the associated labels overall, both age groups showed a significant reduction in honesty ratings for the faces associated with scams after the association was made in all experiments. Therefore, these results illustrate that despite associative memory deficits, older adults can adjust their trust ratings for faces based on learning associative information regarding scams and fraud. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"610-627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midlife blues: A lifespan perspective on midlife depressive symptoms.","authors":"Tita Gonzalez Avilés, Frank J Infurna, Nutifafa E Y Dey, Yesenia Cruz-Carrillo, Kevin J Grimm, Margie E Lachman, Denis Gerstorf","doi":"10.1037/pag0000906","DOIUrl":"10.1037/pag0000906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Midlife is often accompanied by a range of challenges that can heighten the risk of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. In this study, we seek to offer a comprehensive understanding of midlife depressive symptoms through a lifespan perspective. Toward that end, we draw on harmonized data from longitudinal studies across 17 nations (the United States, Mexico, China, South Korea, England, and countries in Continental, Mediterranean, and Nordic Europe), comprising a total of 119,534 middle-aged adults (<i>M</i> = 55.5 years at first assessment) born between 1938 and 1974. This approach allows us to examine both broader historical and sociocultural factors, as well as individual characteristics (i.e., gender, socioeconomic status, marital status, and health conditions), in relation to midlife depressive symptoms. Results revealed that middle-aged adults in the United States, England, Continental Europe, China, and Mexico reported higher levels of depressive symptoms compared to Nordic and Mediterranean Europe. Historical improvements were observed in England, where later born middle-aged adults reported fewer depressive symptoms than their earlier born counterparts. Our findings also highlight individual differences that operated consistently across historical time and nations (though with varying effect sizes): Middle-aged adults with lower education levels, those who were separated/divorced, and those with more health conditions reported higher depressive symptoms. Together, our findings highlight that midlife is not a uniform experience but rather differs by individual characteristics and broader sociocultural contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48426,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Aging","volume":" ","pages":"685-700"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}