Sex Roles最新文献_第8页

Children’s Accessible Gender Stereotypes About What Girls and Boys Approach, Avoid, and How They Are Similar and Different 儿童可理解的性别刻板印象，关于女孩和男孩接近什么，避免什么，以及他们如何相似和不同

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01629-8

Cindy Faith Miller

{"title":"Children’s Accessible Gender Stereotypes About What Girls and Boys Approach, Avoid, and How They Are Similar and Different","authors":"Cindy Faith Miller","doi":"10.1007/s11199-025-01629-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-025-01629-8","url":null,"abstract":"Given the essential role that gender stereotypes play in children’s perceptions and behaviors, it is important to investigate the stereotypes that are most accessible to them. The present research investigated kindergarten and fifth grade children’s ( N = 171; 56% girls; 36% White) accessible gender stereotypes by asking them three sets of open-ended questions. Children were asked to describe girls and boys (approach questions), the things that girls and boys do not do (avoidance questions), and how girls and boys are alike and different (comparison questions). Responses were coded according to gender role (i.e., feminine, masculine, or neutral) and domain (e.g., activity, appearance, trait). Comparing the responses for girl and boy targets, findings revealed that feminine appearance stereotypes were more prevalent in the descriptions of what girls approach and what boys avoid, and masculine activity stereotypes were more prevalent in the descriptions of what boys approach and what girls avoid. Results also revealed that children relied on biological neutral statements (e.g., girls and boys both have legs) when considering gender similarities and feminine appearance stereotypes when describing gender differences. Regarding grade differences, fifth graders were more likely to offer trait responses than kindergarteners across all question prompts, and more appearance stereotypes for the avoidance questions. In contrast, kindergarteners provided more appearance statements than fifth graders when making gender comparisons. Findings demonstrate that the accessibility of domain-specific stereotypes depend on the target’s gender, participant’s age, and question prompt. The present study highlights the multidimensional nature of stereotypes (e.g., domain and gender role) and the value of using open-ended methodology to measure the content of stereotypes.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145536608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prenatal Expectations and Postpartum Reality: How Gender Egalitarianism in Infant Care Division Shapes Parenting Stress and Relationship Functioning 产前期望和产后现实：婴儿护理部门的性别平等主义如何塑造父母压力和关系功能

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01627-w

Elizabeth C. Aviv, Gabriella Vavala, Matthew Pilgrim, Yael H. Waizman, Darby E. Saxbe

{"title":"Prenatal Expectations and Postpartum Reality: How Gender Egalitarianism in Infant Care Division Shapes Parenting Stress and Relationship Functioning","authors":"Elizabeth C. Aviv, Gabriella Vavala, Matthew Pilgrim, Yael H. Waizman, Darby E. Saxbe","doi":"10.1007/s11199-025-01627-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-025-01627-w","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research has found that mothers report greater relationship satisfaction when couples divide infant care more equally, but less is known about how parents arrive at their division of infant care. The present study examines the expectations for infant care that first-time coparents formulate together during pregnancy, how these expectations compare to their reported division of infant care at six months postpartum, how these expectations differ by the gender of the parent, and how they influence the couple’s postpartum wellbeing. A sample of 93 heterosexual, cohabitating couples expecting their first child participated in two discussion tasks—one during pregnancy and another at approximately six months postpartum—focused on the division of infant care. Couples completed an adapted version of the Who Does What scale (Cowan & Cowan, 1988) together. Couples on average predicted a more egalitarian division of infant care during pregnancy than they achieved after birth. Fathers both expected and reported a more equal division of labor than did mothers. A more equal division of postpartum infant care was associated with lower parenting stress for both parents and higher relationship satisfaction for mothers, but not for fathers. Couples who more accurately predicted their division of infant care reported higher relationship satisfaction at postpartum. Exploratory analyses revealed a curvilinear relationship between prenatal discussion specificity and expectation accuracy, such that parents who were moderately specific were most accurate. Understanding how prenatal expectations differentially shape parenting stress and relationship functioning for mothers and fathers has important implications for both practice and policy.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145485611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moral Emotions Mediate the Association Between Pro-Sexual Harassment Attitudes and Sexual Harassment Perpetration in Adolescents 道德情绪在支持性骚扰态度与青少年性骚扰行为之间的中介作用

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01628-9

Estrella Durán-Guerrero, Virginia Sánchez-Jiménez, Carlo Tramontano

引用次数: 0

Sexual Objectification, Sexualization, and Appearance-Related Themes in Anime: A Content Analysis 动漫中的性物化、性化和外表相关主题：内容分析

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01626-x

Lydia Y. Cho, Madeline R. Dougherty, Hee Joo Roh, Jennifer A. Harriger

引用次数: 0

Explaining Societal Shifts in Victim Blaming and Perpetrator Culpability for Sexual Violence: Evidence From the #MeToo Era. 解释性暴力的受害者指责和肇事者罪责的社会转变：来自#MeToo时代的证据。

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01590-6

Zoe Abrams

{"title":"Explaining Societal Shifts in Victim Blaming and Perpetrator Culpability for Sexual Violence: Evidence From the #MeToo Era.","authors":"Zoe Abrams","doi":"10.1007/s11199-025-01590-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-025-01590-6","url":null,"abstract":"Despite increasing public condemnation of sexual violence, it is unclear how these social and political changes correspond to shifts in individual attitudes. This study investigates how attitudes toward sexual violence changed in Scotland, in the context of the #MeToo movement. This study applies the threefold Kitagawa-Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition to the cross-sectional 2014 and 2019 Scottish Social Attitudes Surveys (N = 2133) to investigate how attitudes towards victim blaming and perpetrator culpability have changed over time. Perceptions of perpetrator culpability increased and victim blaming decreased significantly between 2014 and 2019. Reduction in victim blaming was associated with the liberalization of gender role attitudes and the increased influence of political interest on attitudes in 2019. Heightened perceptions of perpetrator culpability were associated with declining levels of authoritarianism, as well as greater attitudinal changes amongst women and left-wingers relative to other social groups. The findings highlight the importance of both societal shifts in value orientations and gender attitudes, as well as divergent patterns of change amongst different social groups. Implications for other populations, policy, and consent education are discussed.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11199-025-01590-6.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"11 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender Identity Awareness as a Shadow Pillar of the Gender Hierarchy: How It Can Undermine Women in Leadership 性别认同意识作为性别等级的影子支柱：它如何破坏女性的领导地位

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01589-z

Crystal L. Hoyt, Sa-kiera Tiarra Jolynn Hudson, Sylvia Chin, Alafair Cutler

{"title":"Gender Identity Awareness as a Shadow Pillar of the Gender Hierarchy: How It Can Undermine Women in Leadership","authors":"Crystal L. Hoyt, Sa-kiera Tiarra Jolynn Hudson, Sylvia Chin, Alafair Cutler","doi":"10.1007/s11199-025-01589-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-025-01589-z","url":null,"abstract":"Believing that differences between women and men should be recognized and valued—that is, endorsing gender identity awareness—is a common way of approaching gender diversity, including efforts to promote equity. However, such approaches can also reinforce stereotypes and justify existing inequalities, particularly when they reflect essentialist attributions for gender differences (Martin, 2023). To the extent that an identity awareness approach to managing gender diversity serves a system-justifying function, it should be associated with rejecting efforts focused on promoting women in the gender hierarchy, such as promoting women into leadership positions. Across five studies (one pre-registered; N = 1,421), we found that stronger beliefs in the fairness of the gender system predicted greater endorsement of gender identity awareness. Further, whether those who endorsed gender identity awareness supported or opposed gender-aware policies depended on the policy’s implications for the gender hierarchy: gender identity awareness predicted opposition to hierarchy-challenging policies and support for policies that reinforce traditional gender relations. These associations were driven in part by the endorsement of gender essentialism and rejection of opportunity attributions for gender differences. Finally, we provide preliminary experimental evidence suggesting that gender identity awareness functions as a motivated belief. This research offers insights into how gender identity awareness can undermine efforts to promote women in leadership.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceptions of Trans Dating and Romantic Partners: The Role of Gender and Transphobia 对跨性别约会和浪漫伴侣的看法：性别和跨性别恐惧症的作用

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01586-2

Dirk Kranz

引用次数: 0

Gender, Self-Stereotyping, and Life Goals Predict Career Interest in Germany, Nigeria, and Turkey 性别、自我刻板印象和人生目标预测德国、尼日利亚和土耳其的职业兴趣

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01579-1

Ihuoma Faith Obioma, Merve Nur Şahin, Yağmur Rumeli, Rolf van Dick, Alina S. Hernandez Bark

{"title":"Gender, Self-Stereotyping, and Life Goals Predict Career Interest in Germany, Nigeria, and Turkey","authors":"Ihuoma Faith Obioma, Merve Nur Şahin, Yağmur Rumeli, Rolf van Dick, Alina S. Hernandez Bark","doi":"10.1007/s11199-025-01579-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-025-01579-1","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated how one’s gender, life goals, and self-stereotyping influence career interests in Germany, Nigeria, and Turkey. We examined agency and communion traits, as well as future goals related to status and family, to explore how gendered self-perceptions and life goals are associated with career interests among emerging adults (18–25 years) and adults under the age of 35 (25–34 years). In Study 1, we analysed gender differences in self-stereotyping and gendered career interests across the three countries. Results showed no gender differences in agency in any country. In Germany, women rated themselves higher on communal than men. Men in Germany and Turkey reported greater interest in male-typed careers, but no gender differences emerged for female-typed career interests in any country. Study 2, extended these findings by testing mediation models with future goals and self-stereotyping as parallel mediators between gender and career interests. Mediation pathways differed by country. The indirect effect of communion and family goals was significant for female-typed career interests in Nigeria and Turkey. Agency and status goals indirectly influenced the relationship between gender and male-typed career interests in Turkey. These findings suggest that social expectations and cultural norms significantly influence career decisions. Implications for practitioners and policymakers, highlight cultural variation in gendered career interest pathways. Supporting egalitarian self-concepts in Germany, addressing traditional gender norms in Turkey, and considering both cultural expectations and socio-economic constraints in Nigeria to promote gender-equitable career choices.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating Abortion Stigma: Abortion Identity Centrality, Stigma Management Strategies, and Psychological Outcomes 流产污名化：流产身份中心性、污名化管理策略和心理结果

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01588-0

Kathleen O’Shea, Laurel B. Watson

{"title":"Navigating Abortion Stigma: Abortion Identity Centrality, Stigma Management Strategies, and Psychological Outcomes","authors":"Kathleen O’Shea, Laurel B. Watson","doi":"10.1007/s11199-025-01588-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-025-01588-0","url":null,"abstract":"On June 24, 2022, the Supreme Court overruled Roe v. Wade in a landmark decision that reversed decades of legal precedent for abortion access at the national level, instead returning decisions about reproductive autonomy to individual states. This decision both reflects and produces abortion stigma, which has been linked to harmful psychosocial outcomes among abortion recipients. In a sample of 269 primarily White, heterosexual, cisgender women, this study sought to examine the relation between abortion stigma and psychological outcomes through abortion identity centrality. Additionally, we explored the role of two potential stigma-management strategies in these relations—abortion history disclosure and reproductive justice advocacy. Results indicated that abortion stigma was related to greater levels of distress and lower psychological well-being. The relation between abortion stigma and psychological well-being through abortion identity centrality was non-significant at high levels of reproductive justice advocacy, primarily due to advocacy’s buffering role in the relation between abortion identity centrality and psychological well-being. Furthermore, abortion stigma was significantly negatively related to psychological well-being at moderate to higher levels of disclosure. Mental health providers are encouraged to consider the roles of abortion stigma on the mental health of those who have experienced abortion, while also considering potential stigma-management strategies.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perceptions of Gender Role Discontinuity and Collective Nostalgia for Traditional Gender Relations Shape Men’s Support for Gender Equality 性别角色不连续性的认知和对传统性别关系的集体怀旧塑造了男性对性别平等的支持

IF 3.8 2区社会学

Sex Roles Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-025-01578-2

Anna Stefaniak, Michael J. A. Wohl, Kate Higgison

{"title":"Perceptions of Gender Role Discontinuity and Collective Nostalgia for Traditional Gender Relations Shape Men’s Support for Gender Equality","authors":"Anna Stefaniak, Michael J. A. Wohl, Kate Higgison","doi":"10.1007/s11199-025-01578-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-025-01578-2","url":null,"abstract":"Men’s gender roles have changed dramatically over the past few decades. We examined whether the evaluation of this discontinuity in men’s gender roles predicts cis men's attitudes toward gender equality, and whether nostalgic reverie for traditional gender relations mediates this association. Support was found for our hypothesized mediation model across three studies (and an internal meta-analysis of the main effects) conducted in two different countries (United Kingdom and United States): one correlational (N = 333) and two experimental (Ns = 368 and 432, respectively). Specifically, when discontinuity in men’s gender roles (measured or manipulated) was perceived to be negative relative to positive, men expressed greater nostalgia for traditional gender relations, which reduced support for gender equality. Results not only address a gap in understanding the factors that shape men’s attitudes towards gender equality but also inform the development of interventions that promote gender equality and challenge traditional gender roles and gender stereotypes.","PeriodicalId":48425,"journal":{"name":"Sex Roles","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0