Journal of Personality最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Religious Belief and Sentencing Decisions in a UK Sample","authors":"Isaac Halstead, Alex Lloyd","doi":"10.1111/jopy.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.70067","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This is a stage 1 registered report submission that seeks to examine whether religious belief and a range of other individual differences variables are associated with youth justice preferences. Method As this is a stage 1 registered report, these are liable to change. Results As this is a stage 1 registered report, we have no results. Conclusions As this is a stage 1 registered report, we have no results. Consequently, we have no conclusions.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147598058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contingent Leader Identity and Leader Emergence.","authors":"Robert E Wood,Shuang Ren,Bichen Guan","doi":"10.1111/jopy.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.70070","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONTraits, including leader identity, represent cross-situational consistency in responses. Cross-situational variability is treated as random error. We explore cross-situational variability in leader identity goals as a function of self-evaluations and construct an individual difference variable, contingent leader identity, which we hypothesis will supplement the effects of trait leader identity in prediction of leader emergence.METHODSData were collected biweekly over 36 weeks from 263 participants in 35 single-sex, initially leaderless student groups. Leader emergence ratings were provided by peers. Multilevel analyses using Mplus 8.6, incorporated within-person ratings of self-evaluations of leadership ability and leader identity, peer ratings of leadership, and control variables. Participants were nested within teams and completed up to 18 questionnaires, creating a three-level design. Slope betas from regression of leader identity on self-evaluations provided the measure of individual contingent leader identity.RESULTSContingent leader identity scores ranged from -0.48 to 0.84 and were stable across the first and second half of the study (r = 0.75, p < 0.001). As predicted, individual's contingent leader identity was a significant predictor of their recognition as a leader by their peers in final weeks of the study.CONCLUSIONContingent leader identity and related CAPS constructs provide an explanatory mechanism for leader behavior in descriptive models of leadership. They also offer the prospect of retesting contingency theories of leadership to establish if leaders do vary their behavior across situations and if situation-behavior contingencies predict effectiveness as proposed in contingency models. Leadership development programs should focus on self-evaluation skills, not just leadership behaviors.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147583847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How a Mismatch Between Actual and Desired Fertility Relates to Well-Being Across Adulthood.","authors":"Laura Buchinger,Michael D Krämer,Manon A van Scheppingen,Denis Gerstorf","doi":"10.1111/jopy.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.70069","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONMost people want two or more children, but many do not realize their fertility desires. At the same time, recent studies suggest that up to 15% of parents regret having children. To investigate how fertility mismatch relates to well-being (i.e., affect balance, life satisfaction, family life satisfaction, and work satisfaction), this preregistered study used nationally representative cross-sectional data of private households in Germany (N = 23,843 age range 18-100 years).METHODWe applied multilevel modeling to investigate if individual characteristics and regional factors moderated the link between well-being and fertility (mis)match.RESULTSInvoluntary childless people, people who were childfree by choice, parents who fell short of their fertility desires, and parents who met their fertility desires reported similar well-being. Only exceeding one's fertility desires was robustly linked to lower well-being, whereas falling short was only linked to lower well-being in adults past the fertile age. We found no evidence for moderation effects of regional-level religiosity, social norms, and childcare infrastructure.CONCLUSIONResearchers should consider both fertility outcomes and desires when studying well-being in the context of parenthood. Longitudinal research is needed to explore mechanisms such as goal striving, basic needs fulfillment, or social roles discrepancies that link fertility (mis)match to well-being.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147583843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Intellectual Humility Enhances Affective Well‐Being: Daily Diary Studies on the Mediating Roles of Daily Uplift and Stressor Exposure","authors":"Ysabel A. Guevarra, K. T. A. Sandeeshwara Kasturiratna, Andree Hartanto, Eddie M. W. Tong, Verity Y. Q. Lua, Nadyanna M. Majeed","doi":"10.1111/jopy.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.70066","url":null,"abstract":"Objective While intellectual humility has gained increasing prominence as a cognitive construct, its implications for affective well‐being remain less understood. Method The present paper draws on 7‐day daily diary datasets (Study 1: <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>participants</jats:sub> = 253, <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>observations</jats:sub> = 1721; Study 2: <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>participants</jats:sub> = 485, <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sub>observations</jats:sub> = 3218) to examine how trait intellectual humility relates to daily positive and negative affect during uplifting and stressful events. We also tested potential mechanisms underlying the link between intellectual humility and affective well‐being by examining whether intellectual humility moderates affective reactions to daily events or whether it indirectly enhances affective well‐being by influencing the frequency of daily uplift and stressor exposure. Results Across both studies, intellectual humility was associated with less daily negative affect. Associations with daily positive affect remained significant until Big Five personality was included. There was no evidence that intellectual humility moderated affective reactivity to daily uplifts or stressors. Instead, mediation analyses supported a pathway where intellectual humility indicated more daily uplift exposure, which predicted less daily negative affect. Daily stressor exposure showed limited indirect effects. Conclusions These findings suggest that intellectual humility supports affective well‐being by influencing the frequency and nature of daily experiences. This research demonstrates how intellectual humility contributes to emotional well‐being in everyday life.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147536407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Spark to Strain? Changes in Relationship Satisfaction as a Function of Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry","authors":"Gwendolyn Seidman, William J. Chopik","doi":"10.1111/jopy.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.70065","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Narcissism is often proposed to drive attraction early in relationships but ultimately leads to poor long‐term outcomes that are distressing to narcissistic individuals' partners. We examined changes in relationship satisfaction over a six‐year period as a function of narcissistic admiration and narcissistic rivalry. Method Data came from 5869 romantic dyads and a subsample of 533 early relationships within their first year. Participants were part of the German Family Panel (pairfam). Respondents completed the short form of the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire. For 6 years, both respondents and their partners completed a single‐item relationship satisfaction measure. Results Both one's own and one's partner's narcissistic rivalry were associated with lower satisfaction in the full sample, but not the new relationships sample. Narcissistic admiration was not significantly associated with satisfaction. Contrary to predictions, neither partner's narcissism moderated relationship satisfaction changes in either sample. Conclusions Despite its association with lower baseline satisfaction, narcissistic rivalry failed to moderate longitudinal changes in relationship satisfaction. These findings challenge the assumption of a linear cost to narcissism over time and highlight the need to investigate alternative time scales or heterogeneous relationship outcomes.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147507886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Negative Emotionality in Mothers Across 18 Years: Does Relationship Breakup Matter?","authors":"Ingrid Borren, Filip De Fruyt, Evalill Bølstad, Fartein Ask Torvik, Espen Røysamb, Kristin Gustavson","doi":"10.1111/jopy.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.70064","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Negative emotionality (NE) tends to decrease with age. However, we lack information about how divorce and other social role experiences predict long‐term development of NE in women after the transition to parenthood. Methods The current study used data from an 18‐year longitudinal study with eight data collection waves, including 823 mothers living with their child's father at baseline. Mixed models and Random Intercept Cross‐Lagged Panel Models were run. Results NE decreased over the 18‐year study period. The decline was steeper among mothers who were no longer in the relationship with the child's father at the end of the study period compared to mothers who stayed in that relationship. Mothers who broke up from a relationship with relatively high problem levels showed the steepest decline. Having four or more children living in the household was associated with less decrease in NE, probably due to initial low NE levels. Not living with a partner predicted temporarily elevated NE levels among mothers. Conclusion Decrease in NE among mothers is not entirely dependent on particular social role experiences or transitions. However, some experiences moderate the magnitude of this decrease, suggesting interrelatedness between decline in NE and social roles among mothers.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147478008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Father Trait Anger and Exposure to Infant Cry: Effects on Emotion, Appraisals of Infants, and Cognitive Performance","authors":"Lauren M. Francis,&nbsp;Bridgette E. Speranza,&nbsp;Liam G. Graeme,&nbsp;Ashlee Curtis,&nbsp;Peter G. Enticott,&nbsp;Jacqui A. Macdonald","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jopy.13029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trait anger can impact emotional states, appraisals of others, and cognition. The study aim was to assess in fathers whether these associations are exacerbated by infant crying.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three hundred sixty-eight fathers were randomly assigned to infant cry, infant babble, or a non-infant-related control while completing assessments of cognitive scope, impulse control, or mentalizing. Trait anger (pre-exposure), emotional state (pre- and post-exposure), and appraisals of the infant (post-exposure) were assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regression analyses revealed that trait anger was associated with increased angry emotional state post-exposure, including feeling like yelling at someone, feeling like hitting someone, and with negative appraisals of infant temperament. Fathers exposed to cry were more likely to feel angry and like yelling at someone post-exposure than fathers exposed to babble or pink noise, and appraised the infant more negatively and as having less positive intent than fathers exposed to babble. Neither trait anger nor sound condition were associated with cognitive scope, impulse control, or mentalizing performance. No significant interaction effects between trait anger and infant cry condition were found on any of the dependent variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fathers may benefit from support to modulate their responses to infant cry. Fathers with higher trait anger may benefit from intervention to manage responses to both positive and negative infant expressions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"94 2","pages":"264-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jopy.13029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authoritarianism and Threat in 59 Nations","authors":"Lucian Gideon Conway III","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13026","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jopy.13026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most prominent theories of authoritarianism maintain that it is deeply tied to threat, and yet few large-scale cross-cultural tests have evaluated this link. Furthermore, there are ongoing debates about (a) the degree that realistic (versus symbolic) threats predict authoritarianism and (b) the degree that the threat–authoritarianism link occurs across the political spectrum.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To fill in these gaps, the present study evaluated the threat–authoritarianism link in 84,677 persons from 59 nations while measuring multiple different types of realistic threat, employing a relatively ideologically unbiased authoritarianism measurement (autocracy support), and measuring ideological controls/moderators.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multilevel models revealed that realistic threat predicted autocracy support in both WEIRD and non-WEIRD countries around the world, although the effect was significantly stronger in WEIRD nations. Furthermore, threat predicted autocracy support for both left- and right-wing persons, although the effect was significantly stronger for right-wing persons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results provide the largest multinational test to date on the threat–authoritarianism link and offer numerous advances over prior research on the topic. Not only do they contribute large-scale evidence for a key assumption of most authoritarianism theories in an era where many theories and findings are being reevaluated, but they also provide theoretical advances in our understanding of the specific nature of the threat–authoritarianism link.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"94 2","pages":"226-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Childhood Shapes Adolescents' Belief in Justice: A Longitudinal Study Examining the Link Between Childhood Stressful Environment and Belief in a Just World","authors":"Yuqing Jin,&nbsp;Ying Yang","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jopy.13028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Belief in a just world refers to a personal belief regarding justice and serves adaptive functions in adolescent development. Previous research has mainly focused on the outcome variables of belief in a just world, such as psychological and behavioral responses related to injustice, while the predictors and mechanisms underlying its longitudinal development remain underexplored. Based on cognitive schema theory, justice capital theory, and life history theory, this study aimed to investigate the predictive role of childhood stressful environments—specifically, childhood harshness and unpredictability—and the mediating effect of discrimination perception on belief in a just world.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A three-wave longitudinal study was conducted with 515 high school students in southeast China (<i>M</i>_{age at Time 1} = 17.20, SD_age = 0.46; 45.54% women).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed that the childhood harshness negatively predicted belief in a just world, whereas childhood unpredictability was not significantly associated with it. Additionally, personal discrimination perception, rather than group discrimination perception, mediated the longitudinal relationship between childhood harshness and belief in a just world.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study offers a perspective focusing on individuals' former experiences for future research on the predictors of belief in a just world, highlighting how childhood adversity can shape perceptions of injustice during adolescence and jointly influence belief in a just world.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"94 2","pages":"252-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humility Throughout the Lifespan and a Global Pandemic: Evidence From a Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Wendy W. L. Cheung,&nbsp;Sakshi S. Sahakari,&nbsp;Friedrich M. Götz","doi":"10.1111/jopy.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jopy.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provide a fine-grained portrait of age-graded differences in Humility across the lifespan. Specifically, we shed light on year-by-year differences and explore differences-in-differences in the wake of the COVID pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used large-scale cross-sectional data (<i>n</i> = 2,025,004) and employed multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, ANOVAs, and multilevel modeling to examine mean-score differences in Humility from age 10 to 70 across the entire sample, and for temporal (pre-COVID, COVID) and geographical (9 countries, 6 US states) subsamples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Across cultures and geographies, Humility mean scores were lowest in late childhood and rose steadily thereafter. They reached their highest levels in late adulthood and exhibited more erratic patterns around retirement age. In the overall and pre-COVID samples, mean-score differences were most pronounced during the transition from early to middle adulthood. In the COVID sample, similar patterns emerged, though we observed generally higher Humility scores, pronounced adolescent disruption, and the biggest differences between early and middle adulthood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age-graded trends in Humility aligned fully with some established patterns of personality trait development (i.e., psychological maturation, maturation reversal) and partially with others (i.e., disruption hypothesis). Moreover, the COVID analyses provide preliminary insights into the potential effects of the pandemic on personality development trajectories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"94 2","pages":"320-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jopy.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}