{"title":"The (Un)Attractiveness of Dark Triad Personalities: Assessing Fictitious Characters for Short- and Long-Term Relationships.","authors":"Yavor Dragostinov, Tom Booth","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study assessed how individuals evaluate potential romantic partners who display either low, medium, or high levels of DT traits for short-term (STR) and long-term (LTR) relationships.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine fictitious persons in the form of vignettes (description of behavior and facial image) were presented to every participant. The sex of the fictitious persons was determined by sexual orientation of each participant, while the displayed faces were selected from an existing image bank and matched for physical attractiveness. Study 1 (n = 475) used a fixed composition for face and trait description, while the composition for Study 2 (n = 794) was randomized. Mixed-effects modeling was implemented for both studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study 1 demonstrated people with a male preference (mostly women) perceived medium levels of the three traits as the most attractive STR. For Study 2, both men and women found the low levels the most attractive for both STRs and LTRs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from Study 1 were mostly consistent across previous DT attractiveness literature, while findings from Study 2 contradicted them. This could suggest that the concept of DT is not as attractive even for STRs unless it is accompanied by physical attractiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simon Fiore, Patrick Luyten, Nicole Vliegen, Bart Soenens
{"title":"Understanding Parenting Stress in Adoptive Parents: A Longitudinal Multilevel Study of Parents' Self-Criticism, Child Negative Emotionality, and Child Age at Placement.","authors":"Simon Fiore, Patrick Luyten, Nicole Vliegen, Bart Soenens","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research on parenting stress in adoptive parents during the early years post-placement reveals significant variability, yet few studies examine both parent- and child-related factors. This study investigates the role of the personality dimension of self-criticism and perceived negative child emotionality in relation to parenting stress during the first four years after transnational adoption. Additionally, it explores the moderating effect of child age at placement, a key factor associated with early adversity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drawing upon a longitudinal five-wave dataset in the first 4 years after the child arrived in the adoptive family, this study used multi-informant data of 96 adoptive mothers and fathers of transnationally adopted children (mean child age at placement = 13.48 months). Data were analyzed using a multilevel structural equation modeling approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Parents' self-criticism was positively associated with parenting stress at the between-parent level. At the within-parent level, year-to-year fluctuations in both parents' self-criticism and perceived child's negative emotionality were positively associated with corresponding fluctuations in parenting stress. Child age at placement did not moderate any of these associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, this study yielded convincing evidence for the dynamic nature of parenting stress in the first years after child placement, the role of parental self-criticism, and the child's perceived negative emotionality herein.</p>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas Poh‐Jie Tan, Maxim Trenkenschuh, Dana Ackermann, Leyla Anina Rosero Betancourt, Wiebke Bleidorn, Christopher J. Hopwood
{"title":"Personality and Meat Consumption Among Romantic Partners in Daily Life","authors":"Nicholas Poh‐Jie Tan, Maxim Trenkenschuh, Dana Ackermann, Leyla Anina Rosero Betancourt, Wiebke Bleidorn, Christopher J. Hopwood","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12992","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveEating is often a social activity that can be influenced by others, particularly in close relationships when dietary preferences reflect underlying value differences. We sought to examine the personality traits of meat‐eating couples who differ in their preferences for meat.MethodWe recruited Swiss romantic couples in which one partner typically consumed more meat than the other (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 272, couples = 136). At baseline, participants completed survey measures of self‐ and informant‐rated personality traits at the domain (e.g., agreeableness) and aspect level (e.g., compassion) and meat consumption. Participants then completed 28 daily meal surveys about their meat consumption.ResultsAmong high‐meat eating partners, those higher in openness/intellect and compassion ate less meat. Additionally, higher intellect among low‐meat eating partners predicted lower meat consumption among high‐meat eating partners.ConclusionsThese findings replicate evidence that personality plays an important role in meat‐eating and extend this evidence to meat consumption in a relational context.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142601939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agency and Communion in Brief Entire Life Narratives Across the Life Span","authors":"Nina F. Kemper, Theresa Martin, Lea Cohrs, Florian Schmiedek, Tilmann Habermas","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12990","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThe evolving life story is integral to personality, and motivational themes are central features of the life story. Personality implies individual differences that are relatively stable over time, but still allow for developmental processes. This study explored both long‐term stability and developmental change in thematic content of the life story.MethodFulfilled and unfulfilled agency and communion were studied in brief entire life narratives across 4 measurements in 12 years in a cohort‐sequential design including six cohorts (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 172; age 8–77).ResultsFulfilled agency and communion, as well as unfulfilled agency exhibited moderate rank order stability over 4 and 8 years, fulfilled communion showed even a modest 12‐year stability, whereas unfulfilled communion displayed an unsystematic pattern. Developmentally, multilevel analyses revealed an inverted U‐shaped association between age and both fulfilled and unfulfilled agency, peaking in mid‐life. Fulfilled communion declined after emerging adulthood, but unexpectedly did not increase again in old age. Unfulfilled communion showed no systematic age trends. Girls and women told life narratives with more fulfilled and unfulfilled communion, whereas genders did not differ in either kind of agency.ConclusionThe content of the life story exhibits rank‐order stability over time and systematic mean‐level development across the life span.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"245 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142597305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Mattoni, Holly Sullivan‐Toole, Thomas M. Olino
{"title":"Development of Self‐Reported Reward Responsiveness and Inhibitory Control and the Role of Clinical and Neural Predictors","authors":"Matthew Mattoni, Holly Sullivan‐Toole, Thomas M. Olino","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12991","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveUnderstanding the development of adolescent reward responsiveness and inhibitory control is important as they are implicated in key outcomes, such as depression. However, relatively few studies have examined the self‐reported experience of this development longitudinally, and past findings have been mixed. Here, we examined the longitudinal development of self‐reported reward responsiveness and inhibitory control in youth, as well as clinical and neural measures as predictors of these longitudinal trajectories.MethodWe assessed 223 youth aged 9–17 across 36 months. We modeled growth trajectories of several measures of reward responsiveness and inhibitory control using multilevel models. We tested reward‐related functional connectivity, depression symptoms, and parental risk for psychopathology as moderators of longitudinal growth.ResultsSelf‐reported inhibitory control increased linearly across adolescence. However, contrary to hypotheses and common models of adolescent development, self‐reported reward responsiveness decreased linearly across adolescence. Baseline functional connectivity and clinical risk measures did not significantly moderate trajectories.ConclusionResults suggest that within‐person changes in the phenomenological experience of reward responsiveness may not match developmental expectations based on cross‐sectional and neuroimaging studies. More attention is needed to the longitudinal study of subjective experience of reward responsiveness.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142597303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Skye C. Napolitano, Isabella K. Peckinpaugh, Sean P. Lane
{"title":"Negative Emotion (dys)regulation Predicts Distorted Time Perception: Preliminary Experimental Evidence and Implications for Psychopathology","authors":"Skye C. Napolitano, Isabella K. Peckinpaugh, Sean P. Lane","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12988","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveAccurate time perception is crucial to daily life but vulnerable to interference, particularly through negative affect, which dilates individuals' sense of time passing. Regulation strategies like rumination, and disorders like borderline personality disorder (BPD), are linked to time distortion, yet their interrelationships remain untested. We investigated whether rumination and BPD symptoms increase time dilation in negative affective states to understand the clinical implications of time distortion.MethodsIn an online pilot study, we tested whether negative affect (NA) predicts subjective time perception and explored how rumination, BPD symptoms, and their interaction predicted time perception using a between‐subjects online experimental mood induction. Adult participants (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic><jats:sub>combined</jats:sub> = 760) were recruited from Prolific Academic and a large, Midwestern U.S. university.ResultsState NA and increased BPD features predicted increased time dilation. The role of trait‐level rumination was nuanced, with individuals low in BPD symptoms and elevated trait rumination exhibiting <jats:italic>reduced</jats:italic> time dilation in response to NA. Conversely, those with elevated rumination and BPD symptoms reported increased time dilation in the neutral condition.ConclusionFindings offer foundational evidence of NA and rumination's roles in time dilation for individuals across levels of BPD symptom endorsement. Subsequent replication and extension could flesh out these relationships and inform psychotherapeutic treatment targets.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142597304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miao Miao, Jie Wen, Yiqun Gan, Megan E Edwards, Laura A King
{"title":"The Central Role of Daily Hopeful Feelings in Predicting Well-Being: A Network Perspective.","authors":"Miao Miao, Jie Wen, Yiqun Gan, Megan E Edwards, Laura A King","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hope is associated with many positive outcomes. However, most research on hope has focused on its cognitive aspect, with few studies examining the affective aspect. To further clarify the nature of hope and its association with well-being, this study examined the relationship between the affective aspect of hope-namely, hopeful feelings-and various aspects of well-being.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A daily diary analysis was conducted with 187 Chinese adults (mean<sub>age</sub> = 28.17 ± 5.56). Hopeful feelings and affective (positive and negative emotions), eudaimonic (meaning in life), and evaluative (life satisfaction) aspects of well-being were assessed twice per day (morning and night) for 14 consecutive days. A multilevel vector autoregressive model was used to investigate the temporal, contemporaneous, and between-person networks of hopeful feelings with positive emotion and well-being.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hopeful feelings had the strongest outstrength in the temporal networks and were the most central node in the between-person networks. In addition, hopeful feelings exhibited significant cross-lagged predictive roles on all the well-being nodes except negative emotion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings revealed a close association between hopeful feelings and well-being, with hopeful feelings predicting various aspects of daily well-being. Future interventions to improve well-being should focus on the enrichment of daily hopeful feelings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eleanor J Junkins, Brian G Ogolsky, Jaime Derringer
{"title":"Not Like Everybody Else but We're the Same: Psychosocial Variables Compared Across Diverse Sexual and Gender Identities.","authors":"Eleanor J Junkins, Brian G Ogolsky, Jaime Derringer","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are underrepresented in psychological research. Part of the underrepresentation of SGM people likely stems from potential participants' unwillingness to join a study, but more concerningly, researchers exclude data from SGM participants. Furthermore, much of SGM research focuses on existing health disparities and risk factors rather than wellness-framed and personality research. To fill in this gap, the current study aims to quantify effect sizes of similarities/differences across a broad range of psychosocial measures.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Applying the framework of the Gender Similarities Hypothesis, we compare means, variances, and correlations across 34 psychosocial variables between categories of SGM, gender identity, sexual orientation, relationship status, and monogamy (N = 1743). Data was collected online mainly through paid ads on Instagram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistently, we find largely similarities across gender identity, sexual orientation, and relationship structure categories. These results support a general expectation that similarities are more common than differences in normative psychological domains, although clear differences in means and variances exist for specific experiences and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work informs the inclusion of diverse identities in basic psychological research and further speaks to the generalizability of past findings to populations historically underrepresented in psychological science.</p>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dulce Wilkinson Westberg, Moin Syed, Aerika Brittian Loyd, William Dunlop
{"title":"Using Intersectionality to Understand How Structural Domains Are Embedded in Life Narratives.","authors":"Dulce Wilkinson Westberg, Moin Syed, Aerika Brittian Loyd, William Dunlop","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study draws on life narrative data and an intersectional framework to explore features of narratives around structural domains, aiming to better understand the possible impacts of these domains on identity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 177 young adults from primarily minoritized groups (73% Asian American or Latine, 59% Women, Median Parent Income = $50,001 to $75,000), we gathered 885 life narratives. Young adults narrated a domain-general, ethnic/racial, gender, social class, and intersectional experience. Features capturing the content (Presence of Structural Domains, Connection to and Between Structural Domains) and process (Meaning Making, Affective Tone) of narratives were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural domains manifested uniquely within narratives such that ethnicity/race was discussed most frequently across narratives, whereas gender and social class were mentioned more in narratives about those domains. Additionally, Meaning Making was highest in self-defining narratives and positively correlated with the number of structural domains present within and across narratives. Affective Tone was most positive in self-defining narratives and most negative in social class narratives, which also contained the lowest Connection to Structural Domain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study combines an intersectional framework and life narrative data to understand how structural domains manifest within young adults' experiences, revealing how those domains are interconnected and may impact identity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Competing Models of the Structure of Subjective Well-Being: Have All Won and Must All Have Prizes?","authors":"Veljko Jovanović","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The tripartite model of subjective well-being (SWB) posits three components: positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction. The fundamental issue regarding the structure of SWB and the meaning of the general SWB factor remains unresolved.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Across three studies and six samples (total N = 9304), we evaluated competing models of SWB and tested the criterion-related validity of SWB components operationalized within different models. In addition to a standard confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and bifactor-CFA, we used exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and bifactor-ESEM approaches. Latent factor models were applied to examine the nomological network of SWB in relation to several external criteria (e.g., positive expectations, depression, and anxiety).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found evidence supporting the three-factor and bifactor-ESEM models of SWB. The meaning and interpretability of the general and specific factors of SWB were found to depend on the indicators used to assess affective well-being. Several issues concerning the bifactor-CFA model were identified. Both the general and specific factors of SWB exhibited meaningful and interpretable nomological networks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The structure of SWB, the value of incorporating a general factor, and the nature of general and specific SWB factors depend on the instruments used to measure SWB.</p>","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}