Journal of Personality最新文献

Personality, Ideology, and Attitudes Toward Social Justice.

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13014

Xiaowen Xu, Autumn N Scarborough, Lachlan M Anthony, Luke D Smillie

{"title":"Personality, Ideology, and Attitudes Toward Social Justice.","authors":"Xiaowen Xu, Autumn N Scarborough, Lachlan M Anthony, Luke D Smillie","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13014","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The importance of diversity, inclusiveness, and social justice has been increasingly emphasized in different institutions and organizations around the world. The present research adopted an individual differences approach to understanding people's attitudes toward diversity and social justice.Method: Across three studies (Ns ranging from 371 to 700), participants completed measures of Big Five personality traits, political ideology, and attitudes toward a range of social justice issues (diversity, LGBTQ+, racial relations, abortion).Results: Higher Openness to Experience and Agreeableness emerged as the most consistent predictors of higher support for social justice. Higher Neuroticism and lower Conscientiousness also predicted support for social justice issues. Furthermore, consistent with the dual-process model of ideology, we found that right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation tended to predict social justice support above and beyond Openness to Experience and Agreeableness.Conclusion: This work provides important insights into the personality predictors of social justice support.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the Moderating Role of Neuroticism on Evaluative Conditioning: Threat Appraisal.

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13017

Darian Faur, Florin Alin Sava

{"title":"Beyond the Moderating Role of Neuroticism on Evaluative Conditioning: Threat Appraisal.","authors":"Darian Faur, Florin Alin Sava","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Reality perception is often altered by general dispositional factors that are associated with emotional vulnerability, both inherited and acquired, that emerge in a specific learning context. The current study will examine whether neuroticism and looming cognitive style, factors that account for emotional vulnerability, interact in a manner that influences the evaluative conditioning effect (the magnitude of valence change in a conditioned stimulus due to pairing with an unconditioned stimulus).Method: To achieve this, we will implement an evaluative conditioning procedure that pairs positive stimuli, nonthreatening negative stimuli, and threatening negative stimuli with neutral stimuli. Participants will also provide measures of valence and threat characteristics for the unconditioned stimuli, along with assessments of neuroticism and looming cognitive style.Results: We expect that the evaluative conditioning effect will be mediated by threat and valence evaluations of unconditioned stimuli. We also expect that neuroticism will moderate the valence and threat values of unconditioned stimuli, whereas cognitive looming will moderate the magnitude of valence transfer from unconditioned stimuli to conditioned stimuli.Conclusions: We presume that neuroticism will explain the reactivity to valenced and threatening stimuli, while looming cognitive style will account for the negative bias in the conditioned stimuli evaluation.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inter- and Intraindividual Relations Between Agentic, Communal Self-Enhancement and Hedonic, Eudaimonic Well-Being: Feedback and Mediation Mechanisms.

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13015

Jiangyong Li, Huaiyuan Qi, Huiqing Huang, Junyi Wang, Xuhai Chen, Yangmei Luo

{"title":"Inter- and Intraindividual Relations Between Agentic, Communal Self-Enhancement and Hedonic, Eudaimonic Well-Being: Feedback and Mediation Mechanisms.","authors":"Jiangyong Li, Huaiyuan Qi, Huiqing Huang, Junyi Wang, Xuhai Chen, Yangmei Luo","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13015","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Researchers seldom consider the interplay between self-enhancement (SE) and well-being at both inter- and intraindividual levels. Previous studies have primarily focused on agentic SE and hedonic well-being, often neglecting communal SE and eudaimonic well-being. This study aims to address these gaps by examining the reciprocal relationship between both agentic and communal SE and both hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Self-esteem is identified as a potential mediator in these relationships at both inter- and intraindividual levels.Method: Using experience sampling, 172 participants (Mage = 24.25, 75% female) responded to smartphone prompts four times daily for 10 days, yielding 5925 observations. Data were analyzed with Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling.Results: At the intraindividual level, stronger SE predicted increased hedonic and eudaimonic well-being within a short period (about 4 h). This enhanced well-being, in turn, was related to stronger SE, creating a positive feedback loop. At the interindividual level, higher agentic and communal SE correlated with greater well-being. Self-esteem mediated the reciprocal associations between SE and well-being at both levels.Conclusion: These findings offer new insights into the dynamics of SE and well-being, supporting the positive link between SE and well-being in everyday life, emphasizing the mediating role of self-esteem across different analysis levels.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating solitude as a tool for downregulation of daily arousal using ecological momentary assessments. 利用生态学瞬间评估，研究独处作为下调日常唤醒的工具。

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12939

Thuy-Vy T Nguyen, Delali Konu, Samuel Forbes

{"title":"Investigating solitude as a tool for downregulation of daily arousal using ecological momentary assessments.","authors":"Thuy-Vy T Nguyen, Delali Konu, Samuel Forbes","doi":"10.1111/jopy.12939","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jopy.12939","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This research explored arousal levels as a motivating factor for solitude-seeking. We hypothesized that solitude becomes more desirable when high-arousal emotions were heightened and individual differences in extraversion and neuroticism would moderate this pattern.Method: We tracked individuals' hourly experiences throughout a day. We assessed their high-arousal positive (e.g., excitement) and negative emotions (e.g., tension), whether they were alone or with others, and their preferred situation at the time of the signal. We gathered 4338 surveys from 362 participants, with 103 participants completing all hourly surveys.Results: Preference for and incidence of solitude changed throughout the day. Contrary to our hypotheses, lagged analyses did not indicate high-arousal emotions predicting reports of being alone an hour later. However, individuals were more likely to express a preference for solitude while experiencing high-arousal negative emotions, and less so while experiencing positive emotions. Younger individuals display stronger preference for solitude during experiences of high-arousal negative emotions. Extraversion and neuroticism did not moderate these patterns.Conclusions: The results highlight the distinctive appeal of solitude as a space for young adults to deal with negative emotions. We discussed how these findings are connected to existing literature and implications for future research.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":"31-50"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Embodied Cognition and the Structure of Personality: An Exploratory Study of Longitudinal Pathways From Early Psychomotor Function

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13011

Dimitris I. Tsomokos

{"title":"Embodied Cognition and the Structure of Personality: An Exploratory Study of Longitudinal Pathways From Early Psychomotor Function","authors":"Dimitris I. Tsomokos","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13011","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveTo explore the developmental pathways linking infant psychomotor function with personality in late adolescence through cognitive, social, and self‐regulation skills. The broader research question, seen through the lens of embodied cognition, is whether cognition and personality in youth develop from basic sensorimotor and communicative systems in infancy.MethodThe sample included 9202 participants from a representative UK birth cohort. A structural equation model examined the prospective associations between motor and communicative functions at age 9 months, cognition, self‐regulation, and prosociality at 5 years, and the five‐factor model of personality at 17 years. The associations between psychomotor function and the meta‐traits of stability and plasticity were also explored.ResultsEven after controlling for confounders and correcting for multiple paths, there was robust evidence that psychomotor development significantly predicts personality structure, with indirect pathways mediated by self‐regulation skills and general or social cognitive skills in middle childhood. While infant communicative function was significantly associated with both meta‐traits, gross motor function was significantly associated with plasticity but not stability.ConclusionsEarly psychomotor function may have long‐term effects on personality, mediated by cognitive, social, and self‐regulation skills. This finding can inform the development of socio‐educational interventions and tailored curricula in early childhood education.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143071345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does a Small Country Have Meaningful Regional Personality Differences? The Case of Estonia

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13013

Ling Xu, Friedrich M. Götz, Tobias Ebert, Siiri Silm, Uku Vainik, Wendy Johnson, René Mõttus

{"title":"Does a Small Country Have Meaningful Regional Personality Differences? The Case of Estonia","authors":"Ling Xu, Friedrich M. Götz, Tobias Ebert, Siiri Silm, Uku Vainik, Wendy Johnson, René Mõttus","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13013","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundRegional differences in the Big Five personality domains have been observed in several countries at different geographical granularities, often correlating with regional political, economic, social, and health (PESH) indicators.ObjectiveWe examined the extent of regional personality differences in Estonia and whether these differences were meaningfully correlated with PESH indicators.MethodsUsing data from the Estonian Biobank (N = 72,268; 7% of the adult population, providing unprecedented representativeness), we tested regional personality differences and their relations with PESH indicators with and without spatial smoothing.ResultsWe found that regional Big Five scores varied by 1.19 (extraversion) to 2.78 (openness) T‐score units across counties (N = 15) and by 2.80 (extraversion) to 4.74 (openness) units across municipalities (n = 74). Also, the correlations with the PESH indicators at the county and municipality levels persisted even after controlling for gender, age, and spatial dependency, and were moderately consistent with our predictions (r = 0.23 to 0.30) and between the county and municipality levels (r = 0.41).ConclusionsEstonian residents tended to be similar in personality traits regardless of their location, replicating results from other countries. Yet, small regional personality domain differences could represent valid and possibly consequential psychological variation.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143071346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empathy During Crises: Investigating Attitudes, Tolerance, and Ingroup–Outgroup Dynamics in Response to Refugee Movements

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13012

Ronja Demel, Lena Masch, David Schieferdecker, Hanna Schwander, Swen Hutter, Jule Specht

{"title":"Empathy During Crises: Investigating Attitudes, Tolerance, and Ingroup–Outgroup Dynamics in Response to Refugee Movements","authors":"Ronja Demel, Lena Masch, David Schieferdecker, Hanna Schwander, Swen Hutter, Jule Specht","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13012","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveIn times of societal crises, it is pivotal to understand and share others' feelings. Yet, the role of empathy in fostering prosocial responses during societal crises has not gained enough attention. Our study uses the onset of Russia's war on Ukraine to examine three key questions: (1) Is empathy related to attitudes toward pro‐refugee policies? (2) Does empathy correlate with a higher tolerance for diverse opinions on refugee policies? (3) Is empathy linked to perceived interpersonal closeness toward social in‐ and outgroups, including refugees?Methods and ResultsUsing observational data from online surveys conducted with a largely representative quota sample from Germany (N = 1199–1631) during the initial months of the war, we found that empathy was associated with significantly higher support of pro‐refugee policies, driven primarily by empathic concern. Additionally, more empathetic individuals exhibited greater opinion diversity and showed smaller distinctions in perceived interpersonal closeness between in‐ and outgroups.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the critical role of empathy in fostering solidarity and social cohesion during societal crises.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Perfectionism Affect Parental Identity Development? A One‐Year Longitudinal Study 完美主义影响父母身份发展吗？为期一年的纵向研究

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13010

Konrad Piotrowski, Kamil Janowicz, Lavinia Damian‐Ilea, Oana Negru‐Subtirica

{"title":"Does Perfectionism Affect Parental Identity Development? A One‐Year Longitudinal Study","authors":"Konrad Piotrowski, Kamil Janowicz, Lavinia Damian‐Ilea, Oana Negru‐Subtirica","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13010","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionPrevious studies have revealed that perfectionism and identity development during adolescence are related. However, no longitudinal study has been conducted on the impact of perfectionism on identity development in adulthood. In the present study, we analyzed for the first time the longitudinal relationship between personal standards, an indicator of perfectionistic strivings, and concern over mistakes and doubts about actions, indicators of perfectionist concerns, and identity development in one of the most important yet least understood domains for adults, parental identity.MethodsThis 1‐year, three‐wave longitudinal study investigated reciprocal relationships between perfectionism and parental identity among 1275 parents (aged 18–30, M = 26.11; SD = 3.00). We analyzed the results using cross‐lagged panel model analysis and random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel model analysis.ResultsThe results revealed that personal standards were associated with a relative increase in seeking in‐depth information about parenthood, and doubts/concerns were associated with a relative increase in disappointment and parenthood regret. Parental identity was not reciprocally related to changes in perfectionism at the between‐person level. However, we observed the effect of parental identity on the decrease in personal standards at the within‐person level.ConclusionThe results suggest mutual relationships between perfectionism and parental identity at the between‐person and within‐person levels.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Becoming as Open-Minded and Organized as My Classmates? Peer Effects on Self-Reported Personality Trait Development in the Classroom. 变得像我的同学一样思想开放和有条理？同伴对课堂自述人格特质发展的影响。

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13009

Mieke Johannsen, Naemi D Brandt, Oliver Lüdtke, Jenny Wagner

{"title":"Becoming as Open-Minded and Organized as My Classmates? Peer Effects on Self-Reported Personality Trait Development in the Classroom.","authors":"Mieke Johannsen, Naemi D Brandt, Oliver Lüdtke, Jenny Wagner","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: How does a student's personality development relate to the personality of their classmates? The school class builds a pertinent comparison group during adolescence that has been identified as a critical factor in students' development of abilities and self-perceptions. This study empirically tests the impact of classroom personality composition on changes in adolescents' Big Five personality traits. We hypothesized positive associations between class-level openness and conscientiousness and the individual development of these traits given their role in academic performance.Method: To test these hypotheses and explore additional composition effects, we employed three approaches of multilevel structural equation modeling on two large longitudinal samples of German adolescents (N1 = 5470; N2 = 788).Results: Our analyses yielded two principal findings: First, individual personality levels remained highly stable across different time periods. Second, contrary to our hypotheses, baseline class-level openness and conscientiousness were not positively linked to individual personality development. Instead, there were some indications that higher class-level openness was negatively linked to individual openness to experiences at the second measurement point.Conclusions: We discuss the absence of systematic composition effects at the classroom level and consider methodological challenges in investigating these effects.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Process‐ and Status‐Centered Approach to Educational Identity Development in Late Adolescence: The Importance for Well‐Being 青少年晚期教育认同发展的过程中心和地位中心研究：对幸福感的重要性

IF 5 1区心理学

Journal of Personality Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.13008

Elisabeth L. de Moor, Annabelle H. T. Christiaens

{"title":"A Process‐ and Status‐Centered Approach to Educational Identity Development in Late Adolescence: The Importance for Well‐Being","authors":"Elisabeth L. de Moor, Annabelle H. T. Christiaens","doi":"10.1111/jopy.13008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.13008","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveDuring late adolescence, adolescents' educational identity may be especially salient as they need to make important decisions regarding their education around the transition from secondary school to tertiary education. The way adolescents shape their identity during this period may have important implications for their academic functioning and psychological well‐being.MethodIn the present study, we used four half‐yearly measurements of educational identity from 208 Dutch adolescents (Mage = 17.8, 73.6% female) to examine identity change in late adolescence. We combined an identity process‐centered approach, focusing on identity commitment, exploration, and self‐doubt processes, with an identity status‐centered approach, focusing on their constellation, and linked individual differences in identity to well‐being.ResultsFindings evidenced some developmental change, generally in the direction of a more mature identity (i.e., lower exploration and self‐doubt; transitions toward a status characterized by high commitment, average exploration, and low self‐doubt), but also much stability. Furthermore, being in an identity status characterized by low engagement in all three processes was associated with poorer psychological well‐being.ConclusionsOur findings emphasize the need to examine identity, especially across identity‐salient periods, and highlight important next steps in the pursuit of a better understanding of educational identity in late adolescence.","PeriodicalId":48421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142887980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0