Emotion最新文献

{"title":"Suppression of fear-conditioned stimuli.","authors":"Jan Theeuwes, Jonna van Doorn, Dirk van Moorselaar","doi":"10.1037/emo0001515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study demonstrates that even objects generating acute fear through shock conditioning can be attentionally suppressed. Participants searched for shapes while a color singleton distractor was presented. In a preconditioning phase, participants learned to suppress a color singleton distractor frequently appearing in a specific location. Following fear conditioning, suppression remained in place even for those color distractors that were now associated with receiving an electric shock. This finding provides evidence that people can learn to suppress stimuli they fear. The current results are important as they challenge prevailing theories that suggest attentional capture by fearful stimuli is inflexible and driven by innate, bottom-up processes. Moreover, the finding that fearful stimuli can be suppressed opens up potential avenues for developing behavior modification techniques aimed at counteracting attentional biases toward fearful stimuli. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful mood repair in the laboratory predicts successful mood repair in daily life for typical but not for depression-prone young adults.","authors":"Shimrit Daches, Andrew J Seidman, Lauren M Bylsma, Charles J George, Enikő Kiss, Krisztina Kapornai, Ildikó Baji, Maria Kovacs","doi":"10.1037/emo0001469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Successful mood repair (i.e., attenuating sad, dysphoric affect) is a critical form of emotion regulation that is necessary for healthy functioning. Laboratory-based studies have examined how well individuals can reduce sadness and how this process is affected by psychopathology like depression and cognitive mechanisms like attentional control. However, the extent to which laboratory-based findings inform about the regulation of sadness in daily life is unknown. To examine the ecological validity of laboratory-based mood repair paradigms, we compared mood repair success in the laboratory and daily life (assessed via ecological momentary assessment) among young adults remitted from depression (<i>n</i> = 126) and those never depressed (<i>n</i> = 104). Participants completed an experimental mood repair task followed by a 7-day ecological momentary assessment protocol during which they reported the responses they used to regulate sadness throughout the day. We expected that history of diagnosed depression and attentional control (assessed via a self-report questionnaire) would moderate the relationship between mood repair success in the two settings. Overall, more successful mood repair in the laboratory predicted more successful mood repair in daily life, supporting the ecological validity of laboratory-based information about affective processes. Depression history (but not attentional control) moderated this relationship: Mood repair in the laboratory predicted mood repair in daily life among never-depressed participants, while the association was only at a trend level among those with remitted depression. Thus, the findings raise questions about how the laboratory-based mood repair performance of depression-prone individuals can inform depression-focused conceptual and treatment development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital phenotypes of the diminished capacity for consummatory and anticipatory pleasure.","authors":"Tomas Meaney, Vijay Yadav, Isaac Galatzer-Levy, Richard Bryant","doi":"10.1037/emo0001503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diminished capacities to experience and anticipate pleasure have been differentially associated with psychopathology. However, measurement of this construct has been limited to self-report scales and complex behavioral tasks. In the present study, university students (<i>N</i> = 100) were categorized into low and high scorers on self-report measures of consummatory and anticipatory pleasure. Low and high scorers were then compared on the facial, vocal, and linguistic phenotypes of their descriptions of positive memories and future events. Scoring lower on consummatory pleasure was not associated with any differences in facial, vocal, or linguistic expression. Scoring lower on anticipatory pleasure was linked with decreased facial expression of happiness, mean vocal pitch, and amount of speech, as well as increased jitter and shimmer in the voice when describing positive future events. These results suggest that remote digital measures could be a useful adjunct for identifying individuals with diminished anticipatory pleasure. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use and consequences of expressive suppression in high-risk and low-risk relationship discussions.","authors":"Laura Sels, Nickola C Overall, Tom Loeys, Pauline Verhelst, Elise K Kalokerinos","doi":"10.1037/emo0001494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expressive suppression, which involves hiding emotions, is a common emotion regulation behavior in relationships but interferes with perceived responsiveness and closeness. These relationship costs make it important to identify the contexts in which the use and harmful correlates of expressive suppression are more likely to occur. Building from theory positing that different contexts entail different risks of rejection, we investigated whether expressive suppression was (a) more intense and (b) associated with worse relational outcomes in high-risk than low-risk relationship interaction contexts. In two studies (conducted in 2016-2017 and 2022), Belgian couples engaged in separate discussions about each other's most annoying characteristics (high-risk context) and valuable characteristics (low-risk context). For each discussion, each couple member reported how much they had suppressed their emotions, felt their partner was responsive toward them, and felt close to their partner. In Study 1 (<i>n</i> = 101 couples), expressive suppression was assessed for emotions in general. In Study 2 (<i>n</i> = 130 couples), expressive suppression was assessed for negative and positive emotions separately. In both studies, participants reported suppressing emotions more intensely in high-risk than in low-risk contexts. Actors' (and sometimes partners') expressive suppression was also associated with lower perceived responsiveness and closeness. However, results regarding whether suppression was associated with worse relational outcomes in the high-risk versus low-risk context were inconsistent, depending on the specificity of emotions assessed with the suppression measure (general, negative, or positive) and the relational outcome. The findings suggest that expressive suppression might be harmful regardless of the risk of relationship interactions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion regulation, fast or slow: A computational model of strategy choice.","authors":"Jonas Petter, Ashish Mehta, Kate Petrova, Merel Kindt, Gal Sheppes, Jonas M B Haslbeck, James J Gross","doi":"10.1037/emo0001471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different emotion regulation strategies have very different consequences. This observation has inspired a growing body of work seeking to identify the factors that predict emotion regulation strategy choice. To explain these findings, several explanatory theories have been proposed. As with most theories in the field of affective science, they are formulated in natural language. Translating these theories into the language of mathematics may bring more clarity to the field and help generate new, testable hypotheses. The present article aimed to formulate more precise theoretical predictions by translating verbal theories about the emotion regulation selection process into formal mathematical language. Specifically, we focused on formally defining a theory that might help to explain the robust finding that people prefer distraction over reappraisal at high emotional intensities but prefer reappraisal over distraction at low emotional intensities. Through the process of theory formalization, we identified hidden assumptions and unanswered research questions, which resulted in a computational model that predicts results that match empirical work. This work demonstrates how theory formalization can accelerate theoretical and empirical progress in affective science. Better explanatory theories can then inform interventions designed to enhance the selection of adaptive regulation strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the dynamic impact of emotional apologies on forgiveness.","authors":"Pascale Sophie Russell, Erica G Hepper, Fabio Fasoli, Aífe Hopkins-Doyle, Felien Boone","doi":"10.1037/emo0001504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expressing emotions within apologies can be important in facilitating forgiveness. We reviewed current evidence to uncover what types of emotional apologies have been studied, in terms of specific emotions expressed in apologies and in what contexts they have been examined. From this wider literature, we then conducted a meta-analysis (<i>k</i> = 22 studies) on the effect of emotional apologies compared to no-emotion expression or neutral states on levels of forgiveness. We found that expressing emotions can generally facilitate higher levels of forgiveness. However, it was evident that there has been a narrow range of emotions manipulated in past apology contexts and very little research comparing the impact of emotional apologies from differing perspectives (i.e., victims, perpetrators, and bystanders). The findings highlighted the need to expand and improve on how emotional apologies are studied and eventually delivered in reaction to societal events. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving social belonging, meaning, and mental health during COVID-19: A self-affirmation approach.","authors":"Isabelle Q Tay, Geoffrey L Cohen","doi":"10.1037/emo0001498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The topics of social belonging, meaning and purpose in life, and mental health have enduring significance, and our objective was to assess the efficacy of two values-affirmation (VA)-based interventions in forestalling critical psychological costs of the COVID-19 pandemic. Both were based on self-affirmation theory (Steele, 1988) and sought to help people stay connected with their core values during this stressful time. One intervention was a one-time VA activity in which participants wrote about important values and were reminded of the value of focusing on core values during uncertain times. A second, elaborated version further guided participants to incorporate brief, values-aligned daily activities. A longitudinal randomized controlled experiment conducted in the United States and Italy revealed an upward trend in social belonging and mental health among participants in the VA conditions-a surprising and positive outcome during a time of looming fear. The trajectories of social belonging and meaning were altered in the intervention conditions, yielding immediate benefits, while long-term benefits (4 weeks postintervention) on social belonging and mental health were confined to men, who experienced poorer psychological outcomes as the pandemic progressed. Additionally, socioeconomic status moderated intervention effects on social belonging, primarily benefitting participants of lower socioeconomic status. Surprisingly, culture and other risk factors (e.g., financial impact of COVID-19; living alone) did not moderate intervention effects. Discussion centers on how tailored VAs can interrupt a recursive cycle triggered by threats to self-integrity, and the potential of social psychologically informed interventions for enhancing belonging, meaning and mental health in face of acute stressors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working through emotions: Sadness predicts social engagement and physiologic linkage for men and disengagement for women in dyadic interactions.","authors":"Kareena S Del Rosario, Tessa V West, Erika H Siegel, Wendy Berry Mendes","doi":"10.1037/emo0001490","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated whether sadness leaves an \"emotional residue\" by inducing sadness in one individual and testing its transfer to an unaware new acquaintance. Participants (<i>N</i> = 230; 115 dyads) completed cooperative tasks in same-gender dyads. Before meeting, participants recalled a personal event. In half the dyads, one participant (sad actor) recalled a sad event, while their partner (sad-paired partner) recalled a neutral event. In control dyads, both participants recalled neutral events. We examined self-reported emotions, affective language, behavior, and measures of sympathetic arousal to capture physiologic linkage-the degree to which one partner's physiology at one moment, predicted their partner's physiology the next moment. Men in the sad actor condition exhibited greater engagement (smiled more, gestured more) and their partners showed stronger physiologic linkage than men in the control condition. Conversely, women in the sad actor condition were less expressive than women in the control condition (smiled less), and their partners showed weaker physiologic linkage to them compared to dyads in the control condition. These findings have important implications for how men and women regulate negative affect and respond to others' affective cues. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The positivity effect is robust to health and social content in ambiguous scenario interpretation.","authors":"Diana Matovic, Rebecca Abraham, Eva Basford, Abhirami Viju, Viviana M Wuthrich","doi":"10.1037/emo0001501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>These studies investigated whether the positivity effect in older adults results in positively valenced interpretations of ambiguous scenarios and whether personally relevant health content and induced positive and negative moods attenuate or moderate the effect. In two studies conducted in 2022 and 2023, older (<i>n</i>_Study1 = 31, <i>M</i>_ageStudy1 = 72.16, <i>SD</i>_ageStudy1 = 7.81, <i>n</i>_Study2 = 51, <i>M</i>_ageStudy2 = 71.64, <i>SD</i>_ageStudy2 = 6.39) and younger (<i>n</i>_Study1 = 25, <i>M</i>_ageStudy1 = 19.16, <i>SD</i>_ageStudy1 = 1.49, <i>n</i>_Study2 = 51, <i>M</i>_ageStudy2 = 20.20, <i>SD</i>_ageStudy2 = 1.88) adults underwent audiovisual mood inductions (positive, neutral, negative; within subjects) with baseline and postinduction affect measured and completed an ambiguous scenario interpretation task (health, social content; within subjects) and measures of depression and anxiety symptomology. Studies found that older versus younger adults provided significantly more positive interpretations of ambiguous scenarios, and this positivity effect was not significantly attenuated by health-related content. There was no significant evidence for age-based differences in mood-induced processing. Instead, negative mood congruence was found across age groups in Study 2 using improved methodology. In sum, older adults provided significantly more positive interpretations of ambiguous scenarios than younger adults, consistent with top-down emotion regulation processes used to increase well-being. The positivity effect was robust to health and social content, and both age groups demonstrated negative mood-induced processing, consistent with past findings. Most participants were born in Australia and had high levels of education and socioeconomic resources, and thus replication in more culturally and socioeconomically diverse participants is needed. Understanding the positivity effect has implications for how interventions may target mental health-related mechanisms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Be kinder to yourself: Awe promotes self-compassion via self-transcendence.","authors":"Wenying Yuan, Junyao Chang, Feng Jiang, Tonglin Jiang","doi":"10.1037/emo0001495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deficits in self-compassion heighten the vulnerability of mental disorders and jeopardize well-being, emphasizing the necessity of fostering self-compassion during unexpected suffering. In this research, we investigate awe as an antecedent for promptly promoting self-compassion. Across five studies (three preregistered), employing various self-compassion metrics (self-report scale and behaviors) and testing in both controlled and natural settings, we found that awe was positively associated with, or promoted, self-reported self-compassion (Studies 1, 2, 4, and 5) and self-compassionate behaviors in real life (Study 5). These effects were distinct from general positive emotions (Studies 1 and 4) or nature exposure (Study 4). We further found that self-transcendence mediated this effect (Studies 2, 4, and 5) beyond self-diminishment (Study 4) and had a causal effect on promoting self-compassion (Study 3). These findings imply that awe enhances self-compassion via self-transcendence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}