Emotion最新文献

{"title":"Modulation of gastric activity using appetizing and disgusting images.","authors":"Ilan Oseran, Matan Dahan, Yoav Livneh, Galia Avidan","doi":"10.1037/emo0001729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interoception is the nervous system's integration of internal bodily signals, including gastrointestinal inputs. This process is crucial for regulating homeostasis, cognition, and emotion and depends on bidirectional brain-body communication. Given recent evidence of brain-stomach synchronization, determining whether emotional images (e.g., appetizing and disgusting) alter gastric activity is important for characterizing gut-brain interactions. Using an electrogastrogram (EGG), we recorded the gastric myoelectric activity (i.e., stomach's intrinsic rhythmicity) of 46 subjects (mostly undergraduate students, 37 females), while viewing three randomized blocks of appetizing, disgusting, or neutral images (70 per block, totaling 13 min), between 2024 and 2025. Participants then rated the appetite/disgust elicited by each image, completed a recall test, and answered psychological and interoception questionnaires. Linear mixed-effects models revealed significantly lower EGG power in the normogastric range (i.e., signal centered around 0.05 Hz) for disgusting compared to appetizing images. Additionally, a significantly higher proportion of normogastric power (i.e., normogastric activity) was found in the appetizing compared to the neutral condition. These differences were not accounted for by body mass index, hours since last meal, hunger level, interoception/psychological questionnaire measures, or recall performance. These findings provide evidence that gastric activity can be modulated in a top-down manner, possibly reflecting a preparatory physiological response. The reduced EGG power in the disgusting condition may be interpreted as preparation for rejection of food, whereas the increased normogastric activity in the appetizing condition may be interpreted as preparation for digestion. Our study provides a methodological foundation for assessing this manipulation's effect on gut-brain synchronization using simultaneous EGG and neural recordings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alexithymia in dyadic interactions: Associations with affective and sympathetic nervous system reactivity and empathic accuracy.","authors":"Annika M Allen, Wendy Berry Mendes, Tessa V West, Kareena S Del Rosario, Casey K Brown","doi":"10.1037/emo0001725","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alexithymia, defined as difficulty identifying and describing one's own emotions, is associated with poor mental and physical health and low-quality social relationships. These consequences of alexithymia may arise from disrupted emotional communication, making it difficult for others to understand and reduce the distress of a person with alexithymia. In the present study, we examine how alexithymia affects affective and physiological responding to distress and emotional disclosure in newly acquainted female dyads (<i>N</i> = 140; 70 dyads). Between 2015 and 2017, one member of each dyad (the experiencer) was randomly assigned to undergo a stressful task and disclose negative personal experiences to their partner (the listener). Dyads viewed a video playback of their interactions while first continuously rating their own and then their partner's emotional valence to quantify how accurately partners rated each other's emotional valence. Results revealed that experiencers higher in alexithymia had greater sympathetic nervous system reactivity during the stressful task and emotional disclosure. Additionally, the emotional valence of individuals with alexithymia was rated less accurately by their partner. These findings suggest that the social challenges of alexithymia may stem from difficulties conveying emotions in ways that others can effectively interpret and support. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Everyday emotion regulation and empathic accuracy in the parent-adolescent relationship.","authors":"Ronit Roth-Hanania, Daphna Ginio Dollberg, Nicola Hohensee, Haran Sened, Reut Stern, Jutta Joormann, Reuma Gadassi-Polack","doi":"10.1037/emo0001716","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Empathic accuracy, the ability to accurately infer another's emotions, is critical for relational well-being. Adolescence is marked by heightened emotional intensity and increased conflict within the parent-adolescent relationship. It is therefore important to identify factors that contribute to accuracy in these relationships. Developmental theories suggest that perceivers' emotion regulation supports empathic accuracy, yet little is known about whether targets' regulation is associated with perceivers' accuracy, particularly in naturalistic settings and during adolescence. The present study addressed this gap using 28-day daily diary data from 112 parent-adolescent dyads. Once per day, both members reported on their own emotions and regulation strategies and inferred their partner's emotions. Empathic accuracy was calculated as the correlation between inferred and reported emotions. Actor-partner interdependence models tested between- and within-person associations among regulation and accuracy. Consistent with our hypotheses, greater use of typically maladaptive strategies for regulating negative and positive emotions by the target was associated with lower empathic accuracy by the perceiver at both between- and within-person levels, among parents and adolescents. Targets' greater use of adaptive strategies to regulate positive (but not negative) emotions was associated with higher same-day empathic accuracy for both perceivers and targets, but only at the within-person level. The findings elucidate the relationship between targets' emotion regulation and perceiver empathic accuracy within parent-adolescent relationships, emphasizing the significance of adaptive positive-emotion regulation. The results offer new pathways for clinical interventions aimed at enhancing family dynamics through supporting adolescents' and parents' regulation strategies to promote mutual understanding. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148762508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion regulation is associated with trait-like and future well-being across 8 years.","authors":"Chen-Wei Yu, Jen-Ho Chang, Joseph A Mikels, Claudia M Haase","doi":"10.1037/emo0001723","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotion regulation is thought to play a crucial role in well-being. However, we know surprisingly little about how emotion regulation strategies predict well-being over time in adulthood. The present study analyzed data from a large-scale five-wave panel study spanning 8 years (2012-2020) on a nationally representative sample of Taiwanese adults (<i>N</i> = 4,990; <i>M</i>_age = 42.83). Using random intercept lagged panel modeling, we examined whether emotion regulation strategies measured at baseline (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and suppression of positive and of negative emotions) were (a) associated with the stable, trait-like between-person component of well-being (i.e., cognitive, affective, and physical) across the study period and (b) prospectively linked to later time-specific well-being above and beyond stable well-being and prior well-being. Reappraisal was positively associated with well-being at both the stable between-person level and the later time-specific level up to 8 years later. In contrast, suppression of positive (but not negative) emotions was negatively associated with well-being at both the stable between-person level and the later time-specific level. These associations generalized across all facets of well-being and also largely generalized across gender, age, and social class backgrounds. These findings suggest that how people regulate their emotions today is associated with their stable, trait-like well-being as well as long-term future well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hand-holding reduces the long-term painfulness of social memories.","authors":"Celeste G Crowder, Razia S Sahi, Laura I Hazlett, Simone G Shamay-Tsoory, Naomi I Eisenberger","doi":"10.1037/emo0001720","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hand-holding is a powerful form of social support that has been shown to alleviate physical pain. However, the effect of hand-holding on the ability to alleviate social pain has been less well explored. The current research examined whether holding a romantic partner's hand while revisiting socially painful memories could reduce the immediate experience of pain and whether this brief intervention provided long-term relief. Participants (<i>n</i> = 50) in long-term, monogamous relationships recalled socially painful memories while holding their partner's hand or a squeeze ball. Throughout the study, participants rated their level of pain. Although hand-holding did not reduce pain immediately, memories paired with hand-holding (vs. squeeze ball) were later recalled as significantly less painful 1 week later, relative to preintervention levels. Hand-holding does not decrease the immediate experience of social pain but may instead leverage adaptive memory updating of emotional experiences over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trapped in thought: Investigating reciprocal links between negative interpretation inflexibility, rumination, and dampening of positive emotions in daily life.","authors":"Lisa M W Vos, Peter Kuppens, Tom Smeets, Jonas Everaert","doi":"10.1037/emo0001715","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rumination and dampening of positive emotions are consistently linked to poor mental health outcomes, yet the mechanisms underlying these repetitive thinking patterns remain underspecified. One candidate mechanism is negative interpretation inflexibility (persistence of negative interpretations of ambiguous situations over time). However, little is known about how these processes unfold in everyday life. Addressing this gap, the present study examined whether momentary negative interpretation inflexibility predicts subsequent rumination and dampening in daily life, and whether these repetitive thought patterns in turn predict the persistence of negative interpretations. A community sample of 179 adults with varying depression and social anxiety levels completed a 14-day ecological momentary assessment protocol (12,950 completed surveys). Ecological momentary assessment prompts included a novel mobile cognitive task (the Daily Life Interpretation Inflexibility Task) to assess the persistence of negative interpretations, alongside self-report measures of rumination and dampening. Preregistered multilevel analyses showed that within-person increases in negative interpretation inflexibility predicted subsequent increases in rumination and dampening. In the reverse direction, rumination, but not dampening, predicted subsequent increases in negative interpretation inflexibility. These temporal relations were not moderated by depression or social anxiety. Complementary dynamic structural equation models revealed significant reciprocal cross-lagged effects between negative interpretation inflexibility and rumination, and small reciprocal cross-lagged effects with dampening. These findings highlight negative interpretation inflexibility as a dynamic process that both precedes and follows repetitive thinking patterns in daily life. This work highlights negative interpretation persistence as a potential target for ecological interventions to reduce harmful repetitive thought. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smiling together: Facial synchrony predicts distress relief.","authors":"Yarden Avnor, Lian Ibrahem, Raz Keidar, Shira Shadar-Inspector, Yael Molcho-Fisher, Michael Nevat, Simone Shamay-Tsoory","doi":"10.1037/emo0001692","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Facial synchrony, the alignment of emotional expressions during interactions, is well researched, yet its role in emotion regulation remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether smile synchrony could serve as a pathway for emotional relief during real-life emotional sharing. Using automated facial expression analysis platform, we analyzed video recordings of 64 dyads (128 participants from multicultural backgrounds), in which one member (the target) shared an emotional event with their interaction partner. We predicted that smile synchrony would predict the targets' distress relief in the distressing condition (but not in a control nondistressing condition). The analysis of smile synchrony dynamics showed that while levels of smile synchrony were similar in the distressing and the nondistressing conditions, smile synchrony significantly predicted reduced sadness levels in targets only in the distressing condition. Moreover, leader-follower analysis revealed that the effect of smile synchrony on distress is evident both when the synchrony was initiated by the target and their interaction partner. Our results suggest a unique role for smiling synchrony during two-person distress regulation, highlighting its potential as a channel for alleviating sadness in emotionally charged interactions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional reactions to real-world events predict shifts in longer term affective states.","authors":"Isabella C D'Ottone, Noah I Kraus, William J Villano, Claire H Landon, Aaron S Heller","doi":"10.1037/emo0001721","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our affective experiences, including both positive and negative emotions and longer term affective states (LTASs) like moods, color everyday life. Emotional responses, momentary affective reactions arising from individual events and lasting from seconds to hours, can impact one's mood, diffuse affective states that lack a single causal event, and last much longer (e.g., days to weeks). However, the extent to which emotional responses and the events that elicited them impact mood on these longer timescales is unclear. Using a high-stakes, naturalistic paradigm, we tested whether exam grades, grade prediction errors, or the emotional reactions they elicit predict shifts in LTAS. For several semesters from 2019 through 2022, we assessed 821 college students' emotional responses to exam grades and, in the weeks surrounding exam grade feedback, assessed their LTASs. We demonstrate that emotional reactions to exam grades, grades themselves, and exam prediction errors all predict shifts in LTAS but that these effects decay across time. After completing model comparisons of several combinations of predictors, we found that the model best fit to predict LTASs includes immediate emotional response, grade, and exam prediction errors. Upon examining the model outputs, we found that emotional response and exam grade primarily predict changes in LTASs, suggesting that LTASs are not just an aggregate of time-attenuated emotions but can reflect other features like outcome value. However, there may be limits to the generalizability of the findings due to the diversity of the age, race, and gender diversity of the sample. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluctuations in emotional valence and arousal are differentially linked to cognitive performance and subjective mental effort.","authors":"Daniel Harlev, Rivka Hoffman, Nitsan Schwarz, Israel Halperin, Noham Wolpe","doi":"10.1037/emo0001728","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emotional states fluctuate continuously, yet it remains unclear how momentary emotional states and their temporal variability relate to cognition in daily life. We examined how fluctuations along the two principal dimensions of emotion, valence and arousal, are associated with objective cognitive performance and subjective mental effort using ecological momentary assessment. To address this question, we conducted two complementary studies. In Experiment 1 (online sample, <i>n</i> = 289), four brief state items (happiness, calmness, energy, fatigue) were validated as measures of state valence and arousal using a semantic association task and factor analysis. In Experiment 2, participants (July 2024-February 2025; <i>n</i> = 59) completed a 5-day ecological momentary assessment protocol with three assessments per day (682 completed sessions), combining repeated emotional state ratings with a working memory task and subjective mental effort reports. Associations were tested using linear mixed models. In Experiment 1, happiness and calmness loaded on a valence factor, whereas energy and fatigue loaded on an arousal factor. In Experiment 2, greater between-day variability in valence was associated with reduced working memory performance, driven by increased intrusion errors, together with lower perceived mental effort. In contrast, higher momentary arousal was associated with lower perceived mental effort without changes in working memory performance. Together, our results support a dissociation between emotional influences on cognitive control and on the subjective experience of effort. This dissociation suggests that emotion-cognition interactions in everyday life cannot be captured by a single affective dimension and that different emotional dimensions exert distinct effects on cognitive performance and its subjective experience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Get what you need: Need fulfillment as implicit emotion regulation for conflict resolution.","authors":"Neta Raz, Anna Dorfman, Maayan Katzir","doi":"10.1037/emo0001727","DOIUrl":"10.1037/emo0001727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anger constitutes a barrier to conflict resolution, often leading to escalation and hindering reconciliation. Accordingly, examining reconciliation through the lens of emotion regulation is crucial. Two prominent approaches to the study of reconciliation have focused either solely on emotion regulation or solely on need fulfillment. By integrating these theoretical frameworks, we extend existing conflict resolution approaches and suggest that need fulfillment functions as a form of implicit emotion regulation. In five preregistered experiments (total <i>N</i> = 1,877), we induced unfulfilled needs associated with anger across a workplace conflict scenario (Experiments 1-2 and 5), a close relationship conflict scenario (Experiment 3), and a real-time experience (Experiment 4). Fulfilling the need for status (Experiments 1-2 and 5) and justice (Experiments 3-5) decreased anger and increased willingness to reconcile with the offender. These effects emerged both when the need was fulfilled by the offender (Experiments 1-4) and by a third party (Experiment 5). We discuss the theoretical and practical implications, as well as the benefits and challenges of need fulfillment as a form of interpersonal emotion regulation for conflict resolution. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48417,"journal":{"name":"Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}