Kai Kuang, Steven R Wilson, Timothy Betts, Josephine K Boumis, Elizabeth A Hintz, Dennis DeBeck, Patrice M Buzzanell
{"title":"A longitudinal analysis of involuntary job loss and communication resilience processes during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Kai Kuang, Steven R Wilson, Timothy Betts, Josephine K Boumis, Elizabeth A Hintz, Dennis DeBeck, Patrice M Buzzanell","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqad004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqad004","url":null,"abstract":"This longitudinal study explored associations between communication resilience processes, job-search self-efficacy, and well-being for a sample of US adults who involuntarily lost their jobs during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the communication theory of resilience (CTR), we tested four possible models regarding how the enactment of resilience processes would be associated with job-search self-efficacy and well-being over time. Participants (N = 595) described their job loss story and completed measures of communication resilience processes, job-search self-efficacy, and well-being (perceived stress, mental health, and life satisfaction) in February 2021, then completed measures again 2 and 4 months later. Findings from random intercept cross-lagged panel analyses suggested that after accounting for between-person associations, resilience enactment shared significant within-person reciprocal relationships with job-search self-efficacy, perceived stress, and mental health over time. Theoretical implications for CTR, future directions for communication research, and practical implications for supporting diverse job seekers are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deen Freelon, Meredith L Pruden, Kirsten A Eddy, Rachel Kuo
{"title":"Inequities of race, place, and gender among the communication citation elite, 2000–2019","authors":"Deen Freelon, Meredith L Pruden, Kirsten A Eddy, Rachel Kuo","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqad002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqad002","url":null,"abstract":"A recent wave of studies has focused on the identities of communication scholars, quantifying the degree to which Whites, men, and Americans dominate the discipline.This study analyzes the communication citation elite (CCE)—a group of 1,675 highly cited scholars in communication research—in terms of race, gender, and country of employment over 20 years. Applying computational methods and content analysis, we find that 91.5% of first-author CCE members are White, 74.3% are men, and 78.6% work in the United States. Longitudinal analyses of each identity category reveal only minor shifts, most prominently slight gains for women and non-U.S. scholars. White representation among first authors decreased less than 4 percentage points over the study period (from 95.1% to 91.2%), with Black representation ending lower than it began (0.61% to 0.54%). Data from the International Communication Association indicate that the CCE is substantially more American and male than the organization’s full membership as of 2021.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emil Husted, Sine N Just, Erik Mygind du Plessis, Sara Dahlman
{"title":"The communicative constitution of atomization: online prepper communities and the crisis of collective action","authors":"Emil Husted, Sine N Just, Erik Mygind du Plessis, Sara Dahlman","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqad005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqad005","url":null,"abstract":"As environmental and societal crises increase in numbers, severity, and urgency, online forums for so-called “doomsday preppers” have seen a concomitant surge in membership. Beginning from the perspective of communicative constitution of organization, we explore the sociotechnical communities that emerge on such forums. Methodologically, we use netnographic observations to show that online prepper communities are organizational, in the sense of being networks of communicative episodes that use common narratives to build identities around material objects and physical practices. However, the online prepper communities do not move from the enactment of organization to acting as organizations. This observation leads us to conceptualize online prepper communities as atomizations whose communicative constitution does not entail a capacity for collective action, but only manifests the similarity of disparate individuals. The communicative constitution of atomization, we argue, is symptomatic of an underlying social logic, which promotes individualized responses to collective problems.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Watching Turkish television dramas in Argentina: entangled proximities and resigned agency in global media flows","authors":"María Celeste Wagner, Marwan M Kraidy","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqad001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqad001","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, the theory of cultural proximity, which states that audiences prefer culturally proximal content (Straubhaar, 1991), has remained a major framework to explain audience preferences. We show how transnational media flows have challenged its contemporary applicability. To probe this, we focus on a recent, intriguing, and still understudied development: the success of Turkish television dramas (dizi) in Latin America, the land where the telenovela was born. Drawing from 25 interviews conducted in 2018 and 2019 in Argentina, we develop the notion of “entangled proximities” to explain different viewership positionalities. Moreover, we show that audiences adopt a “resigned agency”: they experience pleasure while recognizing the role of market forces. Finally, we build on the cultural proximity theory by arguing that these contemporary audiences are instead driven by a desired proximity with both the past genre of the telenovela and with the past society depicted in it.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drew P Cingel, Marina Krcmar, Catherine Marple, Allyson L Snyder
{"title":"The development and validation of a measure of moral intuition salience for children and adolescents: The Moral Intuitions and Development Scale","authors":"Drew P Cingel, Marina Krcmar, Catherine Marple, Allyson L Snyder","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqac049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqac049","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we create and validate a measure of moral intuition salience developmentally appropriate for use among children and adolescents. This measure allows researchers to apply moral foundations theory and the model of intuitive morality and exemplars to child and adolescent moral development and media use, an important addition to the literature, as to date, this theory and its measurement have generally only been used among college-aged and adult participants. Following five pilot tests (total N = 713) that demonstrated face, concurrent, and predictive validity of our measure among young adults, we present validation data from 8- to 17-year-olds (N = 577), demonstrating the developmental nature of these moral intuitions and linking them with media use. This measure can be used to understand how children’s moral intuition salience relates to their media and content choices, as well as how media relates to the moral intuitions most salient to the child.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gendered times: how gendered contexts shape campaign messages of female candidates","authors":"Nichole M Bauer, Martina Santia","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqac052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqac052","url":null,"abstract":"We develop and test a theory of gendered political times, which argues that the gendered political climate during an election shapes the extent to which female candidates emphasize feminine or masculine traits in campaign messages. We measure gendered electoral contexts through rigorous analyses of public opinion data and news media content of the top issues during an election, and we complement these data with an analysis of the gendered traits candidates emphasize in campaign messages during U.S. congressional election cycles from 2000 through 2018. Our results suggest that feminine electoral contexts do not necessarily lead female candidates, or male candidates, to rely on feminine traits. We find that masculine electoral contexts lead female candidates to rely more heavily on feminine traits. Our results have important implications for understanding the forces that shape the way candidates develop strategic campaign messages, and the factors that ultimately influence women’s under-representation in politics.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Silenced on social media: the gatekeeping functions of shadowbans in the American Twitterverse","authors":"Kokil Jaidka, Subhayan Mukerjee, Yphtach Lelkes","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqac050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqac050","url":null,"abstract":"Algorithms play a critical role in steering online attention on social media. Many have alleged that algorithms can perpetuate bias. This study audited shadowbanning, where a user or their content is temporarily hidden on Twitter. We repeatedly tested whether a stratified random sample of American Twitter accounts (n ≈ 25,000) had been subject to various forms of shadowbans. We then identified the type of user and tweet characteristics that predict a shadowban. In general, shadowbans are rare. We found that accounts with bot-like behavior were more likely to face shadowbans, while verified accounts were less likely to be shadowbanned. The replies by Twitter accounts that posted offensive tweets and tweets about politics (from both the left and the right) were more likely to be downtiered. The findings have implications for algorithmic accountability and the design of future audit studies of social media platforms.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephen A Rains, Jake Harwood, Yotam Shmargad, Kate Kenski, Kevin Coe, Steven Bethard
{"title":"Engagement with partisan Russian troll tweets during the 2016 U.S. presidential election: a social identity perspective","authors":"Stephen A Rains, Jake Harwood, Yotam Shmargad, Kate Kenski, Kevin Coe, Steven Bethard","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqac037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqac037","url":null,"abstract":"Operatives working for the Russian Internet Research Agency (IRA) infiltrated social media with the goal of disrupting the 2016 U.S. presidential election. We investigate how these operatives or “trolls” leveraged partisan political identities in discussing presidential candidates and parties on Twitter. Adopting a social identity lens, we conceptualize retweeting troll content as a form of identity performance and examine the message properties that led troll tweets to resonate among Twitter users. The findings highlight the importance of partisan trolls’ persistence in tweeting about candidates and parties as well as their discussion of the political outgroup and incivility in the form of name-calling. The results collectively indicate that Twitter users were sensitive to messages generated by IRA trolls and responded in a manner consistent with identity performance.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Scott, Mel Bunce, Mary Myers, Maria Carmen Fernandez
{"title":"Whose media freedom is being defended? Norm contestation in international media freedom campaigns","authors":"Martin Scott, Mel Bunce, Mary Myers, Maria Carmen Fernandez","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqac045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqac045","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses how international advocacy campaigns approach and define media freedom, and what influences this process. It does this through a two-year case study of the Media Freedom Coalition—an intergovernmental partnership of over 50 countries—that included 55 interviews with key stakeholders, observations, and document analysis. This revelatory case sheds light on how norms of media freedom are constructed and contested on the international stage, and their implications for journalists, media freedom and geo-politics. We show that the Coalition adopted a state-centric, accountability-focused, and negative understanding of media freedom. This discourse legitimized a narrow, reactive, and “resource-light” approach to supporting media freedom, focused on “other” countries. We argue that critical norm research provides a helpful prism for understanding this Coalition’s operations, and the global politics of media freedom more generally. These findings have important implications for understandings of “norm entrepreneurship,” “media imperialism,” and “media freedom” itself.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobias Rohrbach, Loes Aaldering, Daphne Joanna Van der Pas
{"title":"Gender differences and similarities in news media effects on political candidate evaluations: a meta-analysis","authors":"Tobias Rohrbach, Loes Aaldering, Daphne Joanna Van der Pas","doi":"10.1093/joc/jqac042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqac042","url":null,"abstract":"How do different types of media coverage shape—and potentially bias—voter evaluations of women and men politicians? Theoretically reviewing 50 experimental studies and statistically synthesizing 671 evaluation outcomes from more than 23,000 participants, this meta-analytic review shows that gender bias in media-induced voter evaluations is conditional rather than universal. Our findings suggest that voters respond similarly to most media messages about women and men candidates. When gender-differentiated media effects are found, for instance, based on trait, appearance, or family coverage of politicians, this is mostly harmful for women candidates as it reaffirms gender stereotypical beliefs and lowers their viability ratings and vote preferences. Shedding light on the conditional nature of media-driven voter bias, this study adds to a better understanding of how the mediation of gender stereotypes sustains the underrepresentation of women in politics.","PeriodicalId":48410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50166003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}