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Journal of Research in Personality最新文献

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Trait empathy predicts a preference for the spirit of the law: Nationally representative survey evidence 同理心特质预示着对法律精神的偏好：全国代表性调查证据
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104605
Guilherme da Franca Couto Fernandes de Almeida , Brian Flanagan , Ivar Rodriguez Hannikainen
{"title":"Trait empathy predicts a preference for the spirit of the law: Nationally representative survey evidence","authors":"Guilherme da Franca Couto Fernandes de Almeida ,&nbsp;Brian Flanagan ,&nbsp;Ivar Rodriguez Hannikainen","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People often disagree about whether a rule’s text or its spirit should govern its application. To what extent is this disagreement explained by personality traits? In a pre-registered, nationally representative study (<em>N</em> = 385), by-participant regressions revealed that, for most participants, both text and purpose exert influence over rule application. Moreover, we found confirmatory evidence that more empathic participants were more likely to rely on purpose in their rule violation judgments. We also found exploratory associations between the personality dimensions of agreeableness and extraversion and one’s propensity to rely on text or purpose. In contrast, we found no correlation between rule-based decision-making style and differences in moral foundations and need for closure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating the predictive validity of behavioral signatures in situational judgment tests 情境判断测验中行为特征的预测效度评估
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104604
Theresa Leyens , Patrick Mussel , Johannes Hewig , Joeri Hofmans
{"title":"Evaluating the predictive validity of behavioral signatures in situational judgment tests","authors":"Theresa Leyens ,&nbsp;Patrick Mussel ,&nbsp;Johannes Hewig ,&nbsp;Joeri Hofmans","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assesses behavioral signatures (Mischel &amp; Shoda, 1995) in Situational Judgment Tests (SJTs), which provide the opportunity to not only capture individuals’ average behavior but also evaluate their patterns of behavioral fluctuations across SJT items (i.e., “behavioral signatures”). We tested the idea that these behavioral signatures enhance the prediction of future behavior beyond mean level scores. Data were collected from 255 participants who completed a 110-item SJT, consisting of 22 items for a facet of each Big Five dimension respectively. Our findings suggest that, indeed, behavioral signatures of Openness to ideas (a facet of Openness to experience) explain unique variance in the prediction of final secondary grades in Math and German, as well as GPA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Big Six Personality Traits in the Africa Long Life Study 非洲长寿研究中的六大人格特征
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104603
Marie Kura , Katrin Rentzsch , Amber Gayle Thalmayer
{"title":"Big Six Personality Traits in the Africa Long Life Study","authors":"Marie Kura ,&nbsp;Katrin Rentzsch ,&nbsp;Amber Gayle Thalmayer","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explored Big Six personality traits and their correlates among 18-year-olds from Kenya, Namibia, and South Africa (<em>N</em> = 1,746). Established Big-Five and Six-inventories contain culture-specific phrasing and lack fit and measurement invariance in Africa. Using the original maker terms from diverse lexical studies used to build the HEXACO, we created new, single-term Big Six scales with good fit and measurement invariance across countries, which we used to explore concurrent and predictive associations with mental/physical health, and religiosity. Results for Honesty, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness replicated findings from North America and Europe, while Extraversion and Emotionality did not, indicating more cultural-specificity. Our method represents a middle path between imported and culture-specific personality research, a promising approach for cross-cultural research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Registered Report Stage II: Does personality vary by relationship power? An investigation of satisfaction in diverse romantic partnerships 注册报告第二阶段：人格会因关系权力而改变吗？对不同恋爱关系满意度的调查
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104597
Eleanor J. Junkins , D.A. Briley , Brian G. Ogolsky , Jaime Derringer
{"title":"Registered Report Stage II: Does personality vary by relationship power? An investigation of satisfaction in diverse romantic partnerships","authors":"Eleanor J. Junkins ,&nbsp;D.A. Briley ,&nbsp;Brian G. Ogolsky ,&nbsp;Jaime Derringer","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Power dynamics are intrinsic to interpersonal interactions. Historically, researchers studied romantic relationship power dynamics in the context of man-woman dyads, potentially confounding gender and power effects. We examined the associations among relationship satisfaction, relationship power, and individual characteristics, including dimensional assessments of gender expression and other personality and sociodemographic characteristics. We performed secondary analyses in a dataset (<em>N</em> = 1,750) that was diverse with respect to gender identity, sexual orientation, and relationship structure. Using complementary nonparametric statistical approaches for interactions and multilevel group analysis, we estimated the extent to which associations among key relationship features and personal characteristics vary and account for effects within- versus between-groups. Despite negligible average estimates of moderation of associations between personality traits and relationship satisfaction by relationship power, moderation was more pronounced for certain groups at certain levels of relationship power. When looking at intersectional participant groupings, there was more variation in the association with relationship satisfaction between-groups when based on identity (gender, relationship-type, SGM, assigned sex at birth) than resource indicators (age, education, leadership, SES). The findings demonstrate that person characteristics play a complex role in romantic relationships. Nonlinear models allowing composite consideration of multiple identities and sociodemographic characteristics can reveal nuanced boundaries on associations between personality, relationship power, and relationship satisfaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Classify with caution: An illustrative example using mixture models and machine learning 谨慎分类：使用混合模型和机器学习的说明性示例
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104602
Marcus A. Harris, D. Betsy McCoach
{"title":"Classify with caution: An illustrative example using mixture models and machine learning","authors":"Marcus A. Harris,&nbsp;D. Betsy McCoach","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study compared latent mixture modeling to machine learning classification algorithms using simulated data to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of alternative classification options for classifying individuals into a relatively low incidence (10%) personality profile. The population model specified that item responses were generated from five latent factors patterned after the Big Five. The simulation varied the number of indicators per factor, factor mean difference, factor variances, and residual item variances to evaluate ten classification techniques, including traditional and Bayesian latent class analysis (LCA), 2 class 90/10 proportion, and factor mixture models, classification trees, conditional inference trees, evolutionary trees, Ward’s hierarchical clustering, K-means, and K-medians techniques. Although classification trees generally outperformed the other techniques, none of the ten techniques resulted in high enough classification accuracy for diagnostic decision making. Classification methods with explanatory and predictive utility may not exhibit adequate diagnostic accuracy for individual decision making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measuring personality Traits:Simulations Exploring (Mis)Alignment between methods and measurands 测量人格特质：模拟探索（错误）方法和测量之间的一致性
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104601
Patrick K. Durkee
{"title":"Measuring personality Traits:Simulations Exploring (Mis)Alignment between methods and measurands","authors":"Patrick K. Durkee","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measuring personality traits requires that measurement methods align with intended measurands. There are two broad classes of personality trait measurands: 1) differences in <em>patterns</em> of behavior; and 2) differences in the underlying psychological <em>generators</em> of behavioral patterns. It is often unclear which of these potential measurands is the focus of a given research study, hindering evaluation of measure-measurand alignment. It is also unclear how well common measurement approaches can be expected to recover different measurands. To evaluate personality measure-measurand (mis)alignment, this study employs simulations examining the ability of different measurement approaches to recover different personality measurands. The simulations highlight challenges in capturing personality trait measurands and offer insight into assumptions researchers must explicate to bolster personality measure-measurand alignment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the relationship between honesty-humility and truth-bias 论诚实谦卑与真理偏见的关系
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104600
Nina Reinhardt , Simon Schindler
{"title":"On the relationship between honesty-humility and truth-bias","authors":"Nina Reinhardt ,&nbsp;Simon Schindler","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We hypothesized a positive correlation between HEXACO Honesty-Humility (H-H) and truth bias due to higher trustworthiness expectations for people higher in H-H. We also predicted that H-H and the correct classification of truthful and deceptive messages should be uncorrelated. In three high-powered online studies conducted via Prolific, we applied classical lie-truth detection tasks. An internal meta-analysis (<em>N</em> = 1,484) revealed no significant effect, neither for the H-H truth-bias link, nor for the H-H detection accuracy link. We discuss the shortcomings of the present set of studies and theoretical implications for future research on the relationship between personality traits and veracity judgments, focusing on the role of variability in different measurement paradigms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
People “fake-good” on personality self-reports more strongly in a job context than in a dating context 人们在工作环境中比在约会环境中更倾向于“假好”
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104596
Richard Rau , Louisa M. Schömann , Michael P. Grosz
{"title":"People “fake-good” on personality self-reports more strongly in a job context than in a dating context","authors":"Richard Rau ,&nbsp;Louisa M. Schömann ,&nbsp;Michael P. Grosz","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Socially desirable responding can impair the validity of self-report questionnaires, especially in high-stakes situations in which people are incentivized to manage the impression they make on others. The current experiment examined the context dependency of impression management. Participants (<em>N</em> = 231) completed the Big Five Inventory-2 twice, first honestly and then with faking-good instructions in a job or dating context. Socially desirable responding was present in both contexts but was more pronounced in the job context than in the dating context for many (but not all) Big Five domains and facets. Future research should investigate whether faking behavior differs across contexts not only under faking-good instructions but also in high-stakes situations (e.g., personnel selection or online dating).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temporal relationship between perceptions of educational situations and aggressiveness among juveniles 青少年教育情境感知与攻击性的时间关系
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104599
Karol Konaszewski , Radosław Rogoza , Seweryn Nogalski , Maciej Karwowski
{"title":"Temporal relationship between perceptions of educational situations and aggressiveness among juveniles","authors":"Karol Konaszewski ,&nbsp;Radosław Rogoza ,&nbsp;Seweryn Nogalski ,&nbsp;Maciej Karwowski","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of the study was to analyze the temporal relationship between psychological perceptions (i.e., situational DIAMONDS) of educational situations and aggressiveness among juveniles (N = 726) referred by the courts to educational and probation centers. Our two-wave analyses suggested that the relationships between aggressiveness and perceptions of the educational situation were not reciprocal. Specifically, we found that aggressiveness measured at Time 1 was positively related to perceptions of the situation as negative and deceiving at Time 2. In contrast, none of the eight DIAMONDS situation dimensions at T1 were related to aggressiveness at T2. The results show that aggressiveness can explain how juveniles define educational situations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intellectual humility in romantic relationships: Implications for relationship satisfaction, argument frequency, and conflict behaviors 恋爱关系中的智力谦逊：对关系满意度、争论频率和冲突行为的影响
IF 2.6 2区 心理学
Journal of Research in Personality Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104598
Katrina P. Jongman-Sereno , Jessica C. Reich , Richard S. Pond Jr. , Mark R. Leary
{"title":"Intellectual humility in romantic relationships: Implications for relationship satisfaction, argument frequency, and conflict behaviors","authors":"Katrina P. Jongman-Sereno ,&nbsp;Jessica C. Reich ,&nbsp;Richard S. Pond Jr. ,&nbsp;Mark R. Leary","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People who recognize that their viewpoints might be wrong – that is, people higher in intellectual humility (IH) – should fare better in conflicts with relationship partners than people lower in IH. Both members of 74 heterosexual couples (<em>M<sub>age</sub></em> = 32.2 years) completed measures of IH, relationship quality, how well they get along, self and partner behaviors during arguments, and perceptions of their partner’s motives. Couples in which partners were higher in IH fared better on some indices than couples in which partners were lower in IH. Men’s IH was related to their own as well as their partners’ relationship perceptions, whereas women’s IH was related only to their own perceptions. The results have implications for managing conflicts in romantic relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 104598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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