Journal of Applied Social Psychology最新文献_第9页

The unique roles of threat perception and misinformation accuracy judgments in the relationship between political orientation and COVID-19 health behaviors 威胁感知和错误信息准确性判断在政治取向与COVID - 19健康行为关系中的独特作用

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12960

Vincenzo J. Olivett, Heather M. Maranges, David S. March

{"title":"The unique roles of threat perception and misinformation accuracy judgments in the relationship between political orientation and COVID-19 health behaviors","authors":"Vincenzo J. Olivett, Heather M. Maranges, David S. March","doi":"10.1111/jasp.12960","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.12960","url":null,"abstract":"Not everyone engages in COVID-19 related preventative health behaviors (PHB; e.g., mask wearing, social distancing) despite their demonstrated effectiveness for mitigating the spread of COVID-19. In the United States, for instance, PHBs emerged as (and remain) a partisan issue. The current work examines partisan gaps in PHB by considering both informational and perceptual factors related to COVID-19. Specifically, we focus on politically motivated belief in COVID-19 (mis)information and simultaneously consider the roles of physical threat and disgust perception. We find that poor performance in misinformation accuracy judgments and subsequently lower COVID-19 threat perceptions sequentially predict less PHB engagement. In Study 1 (N = 87 US undergraduate students), higher conservatism predicted lower COVID-19 threat perceptions but not COVID-19 disgust perceptions. Study 2 (N = 168 US undergraduate students) replicated this effect, while demonstrating that the relationship between stronger conservatism and lower engagement in PHB was mediated by higher accuracy judgments of COVID-19 misinformation and, in turn, lower perceptions of COVID-19 threat but not disgust. This suggests that considering threat perception is essential to understanding how politically motivated endorsement of COVID-19 misinformation shapes PHB.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48479574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enforcing pragmatic future-mindedness cures the innovator's bias 加强务实的未来意识可以治愈创新者的偏见

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12956

Andrew Reece, Austin D. Eubanks, Alex Liebscher, Roy F. Baumeister

{"title":"Enforcing pragmatic future-mindedness cures the innovator's bias","authors":"Andrew Reece, Austin D. Eubanks, Alex Liebscher, Roy F. Baumeister","doi":"10.1111/jasp.12956","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.12956","url":null,"abstract":"The innovator's bias is defined as the tendency for innovators to focus mainly on the positive potential impact of their inventions and to neglect, ignore, or downplay any potential negative impact. Such bias may help sustain the motivation needed for business success but may create problems by failing to acknowledge and prepare for problematic outcomes. We report three studies (total n = 1608) designed to demonstrate this bias—and to show how to overcome it (while ideally preserving the innovators' enthusiastic affection for their product). Three studies used hypothetical innovations, all with potential downsides. Feelings of ownership were manipulated by having some participants role-play being marketing manager, including naming the product, devising advertising slogans, and identifying target demographics for potential purchasers. Owners then rated their product, while nonowner controls rated a different product. Study 1 (n = 495) demonstrated the innovator's bias by showing that owners rated the likely consequences of their product more favorably than nonowners did. Owners also displayed more enthusiastic zeal for their product. Study 2 (n = 553) tested interventions aimed at reducing the bias while preserving the zeal. Of six interventions, the most successful was having owners imagine the worst-case scenario involving the most negative outcome that the invention could cause. Study 3 (n = 560) was a preregistered replication of the main findings from Study 2 (osf.io/ew9cq).","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42189601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effects of fact-checking warning labels and social endorsement cues on climate change fake news credibility and engagement on social media 事实核查警告标签和社会认可线索对气候变化假新闻可信度和社交媒体参与度的影响

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12959

Timo K. Koch, Lena Frischlich, Eva Lermer

{"title":"Effects of fact-checking warning labels and social endorsement cues on climate change fake news credibility and engagement on social media","authors":"Timo K. Koch, Lena Frischlich, Eva Lermer","doi":"10.1111/jasp.12959","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.12959","url":null,"abstract":"Online fake news can have noxious consequences. Social media platforms are experimenting with different interventions to curb fake news' spread, often employing them simultaneously. However, research investigating the interaction of these interventions is limited. Here, we use the heuristic-systematic model of information processing (HSM) as a theoretical framework to jointly test two interventions against fake news that are implemented at scale by social media platforms: (1) adding warning labels from fact checkers to initiate systematic processing and (2) removing social endorsement cues (e.g., engagement counts) to reduce the influence of this heuristic cue. Moreover, we accounted for dispositions previously found to affect a person's response to fake news through motivated reasoning or cognitive style. An online experiment in Germany (N = 571) confirmed that warning labels reduced the perceived credibility of a fake news post exaggerating the consequences of climate change. Warning labels also lowered the (self-reported) likelihood to amplify fake news. Removing social endorsement cues did not have an effect. In line with research on motivated reasoning, left-leaning individuals perceived the climate fake news to be more credible and reported a higher likelihood to amplify it. Supporting research on cognitive style, participants with lower educational levels and a less analytic thinking style also reported a higher likelihood of amplification. Elaboration likelihood was associated only with age, involvement, and political leaning, but not affected by warning labels. Our findings contribute to the mounting evidence for the effectiveness of warning labels while questioning their relevance for systematic processing.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.12959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49324568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Epistemic motivation facilitates advice seeking and utilization by groups 认知动机有助于群体寻求和利用建议

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12958

Young-Jae Yoon, James R. Larson Jr., R. Scott Tindale, Hea-Kyung Ro

引用次数: 0

Pessimistic assessments of ability in informal conversation 对非正式会话能力的悲观评估

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12957

Christopher Welker, Jesse Walker, Erica Boothby, Thomas Gilovich

引用次数: 4

Perceptions of Black and White individuals sentenced for violent and nonviolent crimes 对因暴力和非暴力犯罪而被判刑的黑人和白人的看法

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-06 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12954

Annabelle Bass, Jihye Choi, Cheryl L. Dickter

{"title":"Perceptions of Black and White individuals sentenced for violent and nonviolent crimes","authors":"Annabelle Bass, Jihye Choi, Cheryl L. Dickter","doi":"10.1111/jasp.12954","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.12954","url":null,"abstract":"The US judicial system is rife with racial discrimination against Black individuals at every stage. The current study aimed to examine perceptions of individuals accused of crimes and perceptions of sentencing decisions. Furthermore, we aimed to examine whether implicit and explicit racial bias would affect these perceptions. White university students (n = 157) and noncollege adults (n = 224) viewed fictitious electronic case records for Black and White target individuals convicted of a nonviolent drug crime or a violent assault crime. They rated the targets on positive and negative traits and completed measures of explicit and implicit racial bias. Findings indicated that university student participants rated the White targets more negatively and less positively than the Black targets across both crimes. The nonuniversity sample rated the Black targets more negatively than the White targets for the violent crime. On ratings of deservingness of incarceration and fairness of the sanction, participants had similar perceptions for Black and White targets. Furthermore, participants in our studies who reported greater explicit bias also evaluated the Black target less positively, more negatively, as more violent, and as more deserving of incarceration. More negative implicit bias was significantly associated with less positive evaluations of the Black target and greater endorsement that the target deserved incarceration. These findings have implications for criminal justice and judicial reform.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.12954","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47707662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dispositional and situational attributions for why the rich live longer than the poor 为什么富人比穷人活得更长的性格和情境归因

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12955

Emma K. Bridger, Angela Tufte-Hewett, David A. Comerford

{"title":"Dispositional and situational attributions for why the rich live longer than the poor","authors":"Emma K. Bridger, Angela Tufte-Hewett, David A. Comerford","doi":"10.1111/jasp.12955","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.12955","url":null,"abstract":"Despite considerable focus on predictors of attitudes towards economic inequality, there is less psychological research into attitudes towards other unequal outcomes between the rich and poor, including differences in health and life expectancy. Two studies examine whether causal attributions for these socioeconomic health inequalities predict attitudes towards them. A cross-sectional study of 332 UK and US respondents showed that most respondents indicate a preference for some degree of income inequality but no life expectancy inequality between the richest and poorest in society. These preferences for equal life expectancy for the rich and poor were significantly less likely for respondents who viewed health inequalities to be caused by dispositional factors (e.g., self-control, ability or effort). In a second pre-registered cross-sectional study (n = 602), dispositional attributions negatively predicted self-reported concern about health inequality, whilst endorsing situational attributions (e.g., discrimination and prejudice, wages) was positively associated with concerns on this issue. Moreover, situational attributions positively predicted support for six policy proposals for reducing health inequality, while dispositional attributions were associated with increased support for some of these interventions and decreased support for others. Despite very distinct distribution preferences for income and life expectancy outcomes, causal attributions continue to predict attitudes towards health inequality and associated policy interventions.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.12955","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45138262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Role of Perceived Autonomy‐Supportive Communications for Motivating Prejudice Reduction and Avoiding Defiant Backlash Within the Police Force Workplace 感知自主性支持性沟通在减少偏见和避免警察工作场所内的反抗中的作用

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12953

N. Weinstein, N. Legate, L. Graham, Yuyan Zheng, M. Plater, Maya Al-khouja, Arlen C. Moller

引用次数: 1

The role of perceived autonomy-supportive communication for motivating prejudice reduction and avoiding defiant backlash within the police force workplace 感知自主性支持性沟通在促进减少偏见和避免警察工作场所内的反抗方面的作用

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12953

Netta Weinstein, Nicole Legate, Les Graham, Yuyan Zheng, Marisa Plater, Maya Al-Khouja, Arlen C. Moller

{"title":"The role of perceived autonomy-supportive communication for motivating prejudice reduction and avoiding defiant backlash within the police force workplace","authors":"Netta Weinstein, Nicole Legate, Les Graham, Yuyan Zheng, Marisa Plater, Maya Al-Khouja, Arlen C. Moller","doi":"10.1111/jasp.12953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.12953","url":null,"abstract":"Workplace prejudice-reduction efforts tend to be short lived at best, and can even arouse defiance, or a desire to oppose requests or rules, in employees. The motivational approach of self-determination theory (SDT) describes how communicating about prejudice reduction can be scaffolded in ways that inspire genuine motivation and avoid eliciting defensive responses. From an SDT perspective, such autonomy-supportive communications take the perspective of the employee, provide choice about how to best approach attitude change, provide a rationale or compelling reason for the importance of change, offer structure through explaining the consequences of bias, and avoid the use of shame to compel change. In two multi-wave studies with British police officers and staff, we hypothesized that employees would report lower prejudice (operationalized as having less antagonistic attitudes toward police forces investing in diversity) when they perceived forces to communicate about prejudice in autonomy-supportive ways (Studies 1 and 2). We also tested whether this association would be explained by lower defiance when perceiving the force to communicate in autonomy-supportive ways (Study 2). Results supported the main effect of perceived autonomy-supportive communication relating to lower prejudice in multi-wave (Study 1, n = 1226) and longitudinal data (Study 2, n = 232). We consider implications for communicating about prejudice-reduction efforts in the workplace.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50121255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Self-concept and organizational citizenship behaviors from a self-regulatory perspective 自我管理视角下的自我概念与组织公民行为

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12945

Shelby-Jo Ponto, Patrick D. Converse, Mina Milosevic

{"title":"Self-concept and organizational citizenship behaviors from a self-regulatory perspective","authors":"Shelby-Jo Ponto, Patrick D. Converse, Mina Milosevic","doi":"10.1111/jasp.12945","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.12945","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) represent an important aspect of job performance, as these actions contribute to organizational functioning in several ways. Although there is growing recognition of the importance of within-person OCB dynamics over time and some work is beginning to suggest self-concept may be an important antecedent of OCBs, previous research does not appear to have integrated these two lines of work. Thus, the present research proposed and examined such an integration, focusing on self-concept orientation and targeted OCBs using a within-person daily survey approach. More specifically, drawing from Greenwald et al.'s unified theory of implicit social cognition and Bolino et al.'s self-regulatory framework, this study examined within-person relationships between self-concept orientation, motives, intentions, and targeted OCBs. Participants (99 employed individuals from the United States) completed daily measures of these variables for up to 15 days. Results from multilevel modeling analyses were largely supportive of the proposed hypotheses, highlighting the relevance of self-concept components in the context of OCBs over time. These findings may contribute to both theoretical development and practical applications, as they provide a more detailed view of self-concept and OCBs over time that might be considered in attempts to enhance citizenship behaviors in organizations.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41707358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0