Journal of Applied Social Psychology最新文献_第5页

Was this part of the plan? Examining self-control, planning, and interruptions 这是计划的一部分吗？检查自我控制、计划和中断情况

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13051

Dominic J. Fedele, Patrick D. Converse

{"title":"Was this part of the plan? Examining self-control, planning, and interruptions","authors":"Dominic J. Fedele, Patrick D. Converse","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.13051","url":null,"abstract":"Interruptions are a common and consequential issue for many individuals in organizational settings. Limited preliminary work suggests that certain individuals may be more susceptible to workplace interruptions but little is known about the nature and implications of these linkages with individual differences. This study examines dispositional self-control as a predictor of workplace intrusions, focusing on (a) both intrusion frequency and severity, (b) planning as a potential mechanism, and (c) implications for task performance and work-related stress. Participants (N = 164) first completed a measure of dispositional self-control and then completed daily surveys for one workweek measuring planning, frequency and severity of intrusions, task performance, and work-related stress. Results indicated that self-control predicted both intrusion frequency and severity. In addition, both intrusion frequency and severity were found to be related to performance and stress. However, no indirect effects involving planning were found. These findings support the notion that individual differences in self-control predict the experience of workplace intrusions; indicate that more-conscious/effortful mechanisms (e.g., planning) may not play a prevalent role in this relationship, indirectly suggesting that less-conscious/effortful mechanisms (e.g., habits) could be more relevant; and demonstrate that intrusion severity may be just as detrimental as intrusion frequency.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 7","pages":"428-436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Empathy helps, dehumanization harms: Beliefs about the causes of homelessness are (in)directly related to intentions to help and harm those who are unhoused 移情有助于帮助，非人化则有害：对无家可归者成因的看法与帮助和伤害无家可归者的意愿直接相关

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13050

Brittany M. Tausen, Jessica Fossum

{"title":"Empathy helps, dehumanization harms: Beliefs about the causes of homelessness are (in)directly related to intentions to help and harm those who are unhoused","authors":"Brittany M. Tausen, Jessica Fossum","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13050","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.13050","url":null,"abstract":"Homelessness is a complex social issue that can be attributed to a constellation of dispositional, situational, and health-related causes. The extent to which these causal attributions are associated with the treatment of individuals experiencing homelessness, however, is not well understood. The current study addressed this gap by exploring the extent to which individual beliefs about the causes of homelessness were associated with intentions to help as well as endorsements of restrictions and legalistic harm aimed at those who are unhoused. Results demonstrated that structural and dispositional, but not health, attributions were associated with helpful and hurtful behaviors. Further, a structural equation model revealed that these effects were explained, in part, by empathy for and the dehumanization of individuals experiencing homelessness. Attributions were most clearly associated with intentions to help via empathy and endorsements of harm via distinct forms (animalistic and mechanistic) of dehumanization. Theoretical implications pertaining to Attribution Theory of Emotion and Motivation and the practical implications for improving the treatment of and support for individuals experiencing homelessness are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 7","pages":"416-427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141362900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social group membership and biomarkers of health 社会群体成员身份与健康的生物标志物

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13048

Grace McMahon, Siobhán Howard, Efisio Manunta, Siobhán Griffin, Daragh Bradshaw, Alastair Nightingale, Orla T. Muldoon

{"title":"Social group membership and biomarkers of health","authors":"Grace McMahon, Siobhán Howard, Efisio Manunta, Siobhán Griffin, Daragh Bradshaw, Alastair Nightingale, Orla T. Muldoon","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13048","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.13048","url":null,"abstract":"The benefits of group membership for self-reported measures of health are well documented; however, the processes by which they can influence biological health outcomes via cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to stress, remains under explored. In the present study, we aim to address this gap by examining if belonging to a social group affects cardiovascular (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate) and cortisol reactivity to stress. Using secondary data from the Pittsburgh Cold Study, 213 healthy adults (123 men, 90 women; Mage = 30.13, SD = 10.85) underwent a standardized laboratory stress-testing session. During the 2.25 h session, participants completed psychometric measures including the Social Network Index (Cohen, 1997), while biological measurements were assessed noninvasively using the Critikon Dynamap Monitor. Results showed that participants who belonged to a social group demonstrated enhanced patterns of cardiovascular adaptation to stress (i.e., peak responding at initial stress exposure, then gradual decline). This suggests that those who belong to a group have greater physiological stress tolerance, thus indicating the benefits of group membership for biomarkers of health in the long term.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 7","pages":"405-415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.13048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141195740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impression formation of majority and minority applicants during resume screening—Does processing more information reduce prejudice? 简历筛选过程中多数族裔和少数族裔申请人的印象形成--处理更多信息是否会减少偏见？

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13047

Tobias Sachs, Astrid C. Homan, Bram Lancee

{"title":"Impression formation of majority and minority applicants during resume screening—Does processing more information reduce prejudice?","authors":"Tobias Sachs, Astrid C. Homan, Bram Lancee","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13047","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.13047","url":null,"abstract":"While previous research has consistently found evidence for ethnic discrimination after resume screening, the majority of those studies focused on outcomes of evaluating job applications. Therefore, we know little about what happens during resume screening. In the present study (N = 402), we tested whether impressions of majority and minority applicants are formed differently while processing separate snippets from job applications. While majority impressions were significantly more positive than minority impressions after the third snippet was processed, impressions did not differ anymore after four or more snippets. In specific, minority impressions improved significantly more in response to the fourth snippet, which provided information on a volunteering role. Furthermore, we found that negative information similarly harmed majority and minority impressions. Our findings suggest that minority applicants might suffer from prejudice if only little information from resumes is being processed. Thus, organizations might be able to prevent discriminatory outcomes by avoiding superficial resume screening.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 7","pages":"387-404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.13047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141195743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promoting solidarity based collective action through increasing hope using nonviolent communication intervention 通过非暴力沟通干预增加希望，促进以团结为基础的集体行动

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13033

Tamar Avichail, Anat Ruhrman, Noa Cohen Eick, Roi Estlein, Eran Halperin

{"title":"Promoting solidarity based collective action through increasing hope using nonviolent communication intervention","authors":"Tamar Avichail, Anat Ruhrman, Noa Cohen Eick, Roi Estlein, Eran Halperin","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13033","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.13033","url":null,"abstract":"The present study explores the impact of nonviolent communication (NVC) intervention on advantaged group members’ actual participation in collective action on behalf of disadvantaged outgroups, also known as solidarity-based collective action (SBCA). It also examines the mediating role of hope and empathy in this process. Using an experimental longitudinal field study in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Jewish Israelis (N = 220) were randomly assigned either to an NVC or to a control condition. Results indicated that, relative to the control, participants in the NVC condition showed an increased tendency to engage in activities that are considered part of SBCA 6 weeks after the intervention. Furthermore, the NVC intervention affected both hope and empathy by maintaining higher levels of hope 6 weeks after intervention and by increasing empathy immediately after intervention. Yet hope, but not empathy, mediated the effect of the NVC intervention on participation in SBCA. Theoretical and applicable implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 6","pages":"344-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.13033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140975296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Questioning the potential of tourism-related imagined contact in improving interethnic relations in Türkiye 质疑与旅游相关的想象接触在改善土耳其民族关系方面的潜力

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13034

Emine Yücel, Hatice Ekici, Sevim Cesur

{"title":"Questioning the potential of tourism-related imagined contact in improving interethnic relations in Türkiye","authors":"Emine Yücel, Hatice Ekici, Sevim Cesur","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.13034","url":null,"abstract":"With three experimental studies, we used the imagined contact hypothesis to investigate the efficiency of tourist-host contacts in promoting positive interethnic attitudes in Türkiye. Participants (ethnic Turks) were asked to envision themselves as tourists, interacting with a local minority member (either a Kurd or an Armenian) in the imagined destination place. We manipulated three variables: contact type (standard vs. friendship-fostering contact), tourism form (domestic vs. international), and tourist-host hierarchy. Study 1 (N = 261) and Study 3 (N = 284) examined attitudes toward Kurds, whereas Study 2 (N = 324) focused on views toward Armenians. An imagined interethnic contact with friendship potential in the domestic tourism setting (compared to an imagined trip without contact) produced higher approach intentions toward Kurds and Armenians, greater support for multiculturalism, and more positive affect toward Armenians. Surprisingly, when tourism-related imagined interactions were hierarchical (i.e., tourist-service personnel interaction) rather than egalitarian (i.e., tourist–resident interaction), they elicited more support for multiculturalism and higher approach intentions toward Kurds. Based on our findings, we propose tourism-based imagined contact as a novel intervention technique for promoting more harmonious interethnic relations, particularly by incorporating friendship potential.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 6","pages":"362-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pluralistic ignorance and occupational choice: The impact of communicating norms on graduate students' career aspirations 多元无知与职业选择：交流规范对研究生职业理想的影响

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13028

Suyi Leong, Mary Hegarty, David K. Sherman

{"title":"Pluralistic ignorance and occupational choice: The impact of communicating norms on graduate students' career aspirations","authors":"Suyi Leong, Mary Hegarty, David K. Sherman","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.13028","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational choices at the early stage of one's career path are influenced by the real and imagined input of mentors. This research focuses on PhD advisors and the graduate students that they mentor. Each participant in that dyadic mentoring relationship holds assumptions about the beliefs of the other regarding the students' career preferences. We propose that, in the absence of discussions surrounding career goals in such relationships, pluralistic ignorance surrounding career norms may develop. PhD students may assume that their advisors prefer that students seek academic research positions; while advisors may assume students prefer academic research positions and may not bring up alternative careers. Three studies adopt a mixed-method approach to investigate divergent experiences surrounding career discussions. Study 1A (N = 301 faculty members in STEM fields) features qualitative and quantitative data and found that PhD advisors have experience working with students whose career preferences did not align with their expectations, and report changing their mentorship approaches while maintaining rigorous training. Study 1B (N = 195 PhD students in STEM fields) features qualitative data and found that students, although generally comfortable discussing different career options with their advisors, report several concerns that deterred them from discussing nonacademic research positions. Study 2, an experiment designed to compare perceived with actual norms (N = 200 PhD students in STEM fields) revealed that such discomfort could be alleviated by making explicit advisors' support for diverse career options and actual career preferences. The present research provides insights about pluralistic ignorance with implications for having more holistic career discussions in dyadic mentor relationships.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 5","pages":"258-277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.13028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Racial microaggressions in U.S. and Canadian contexts: Identity, perceptions of severity and the use of mindset signalling to repair harm 美国和加拿大背景下的种族微冒犯：身份、对严重性的认知以及使用心态信号来弥补伤害

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13029

Michael Jenkins, Sukhvinder S. Obhi

{"title":"Racial microaggressions in U.S. and Canadian contexts: Identity, perceptions of severity and the use of mindset signalling to repair harm","authors":"Michael Jenkins, Sukhvinder S. Obhi","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.13029","url":null,"abstract":"Microaggressions are behaviours constituting indirect or unintentional discrimination, but little is known about how group identity affects perceptions of their harm. Canada and the United States have similar socio-cultural backgrounds, but different socio-political climates, with greater political polarisation and arguably stronger ties between politics and race in the United States (Pew research, 2020). Thus, the interplay between ethnic/racial identity (ERI), political identity, and perceived harm of microaggressions may differ across these countries. In a recent study of Canadians, perceived microaggression harm was associated with leftward political orientation rather than ERI. Here, we extend this work to a U.S. sample. In two experiments (N = 99; N = 210), White participants and Participants of Colour rated the severity of microaggressions and reported their political orientation and the strength of their ERI. Microaggression severity ratings were associated with left-leaning political orientation, regardless of ERI. In Experiment 2, vignettes in which the perpetrator of a microaggression sought reparation by signalling a “reparatory open-mindedness” reduced severity ratings compared to instances in which the source doubled down on the microaggression. Interestingly, the size of this reduction in perceived severity was smaller than for Canadian participants. Thus, perceived microaggression harm is governed by similar forces in Canada and the United States, but signalling mindset, while still effective, leads to smaller reductions in perceived harm in the United States. This could indicate differences in intergroup trust and polarization between these nations. This work underscores the role of political orientation in perceptions of microaggressions and highlights the efficacy of mindset signalling in mitigating their harm.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 5","pages":"278-290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.13029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Race matters more than racial identity disclosure when evaluating applicant diversity statements 在评估申请人多样性声明时，种族比种族身份披露更重要

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13030

Fiona Nguyen, Ellen M. Carroll, Ciara Atkinson, Tammi D. Walker, Alyssa Croft

{"title":"Race matters more than racial identity disclosure when evaluating applicant diversity statements","authors":"Fiona Nguyen, Ellen M. Carroll, Ciara Atkinson, Tammi D. Walker, Alyssa Croft","doi":"10.1111/jasp.13030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jasp.13030","url":null,"abstract":"The present research investigated whether a target applicant's race and disclosure of their race in a personal diversity statement influenced White evaluators' perceptions of the applicant's egalitarian motivations and their likelihood of contributing to organizational diversity and inclusion outcomes. In Study 1 (N = 206), participants evaluated a diversity statement that was ostensibly written by a White or Black applicant who either referenced or did not reference his race within the statement. Participants judged Black applicants as more internally motivated to be egalitarian and White applicants as more externally motivated, regardless of whether they disclosed their race in the statement. Participants also judged Black applicants as more likely to contribute to diversity and inclusion outcomes than White applicants. Study 2 (N = 257) aimed to replicate Study 1 and tested a strengthened race disclosure condition. We again saw little evidence of race disclosure impacting evaluations of applicants: Black applicants were judged as more internally motivated, less externally motivated, and more likely to contribute to diversity and inclusion compared to White applicants. Study 3 (N = 297) aimed to further replicate and expand on these results by testing a disclosure manipulation wherein the applicant discussed the personal importance/centrality of his race. Once again, applicant race (and not disclosure) demonstrated consistent effects on applicant evaluations. Our results highlight flaws in the personal diversity statement evaluation process, such that factors beyond statement content (i.e., applicant race) influenced perceptions and outcomes of the applicants. Practical implications and solutions for applicant evaluation processes are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"54 5","pages":"291-313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.13030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140595626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Virtually meeting “The Intouchables”: Online contact, sense of community, and prejudice toward people with a disability 虚拟会见 "触不可及者"：在线接触、社区感以及对残疾人的偏见

IF 2.5 3区心理学

Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.13031

Veronica M. Cocco, Alice Lucarini, Fiona A. White, Loris Vezzali

引用次数: 0