Journal of Applied Social Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Benevolent Sexism, Attachment Style, and Contingent Self-Esteem Help to Explain How People Anticipate Responding to a Troubled Romantic Relationship","authors":"Carrie R. Underwood,&nbsp;Rachael D. Robnett","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current research examined how benevolent sexism and romantic attachment work in concert with contingent self-esteem to explain the strategies people anticipate using when asked to envision themselves in a high-conflict heterosexual romantic relationship. Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 158) demonstrated that when women were presented with a hypothetical description of a troubled romantic relationship, they reported a greater desire to maintain the relationship via prosocial strategies (e.g., emphasizing commitment to the partner) when the man in the relationship was described as endorsing benevolent sexism as compared to a control condition. Additional analyses revealed that women's relationship-contingent self-esteem mediated the association between their benevolent sexism and their desire to employ maladaptive relationship maintenance strategies (e.g., making the partner jealous) within the context of the troubled relationship. Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 190) built on the findings from Study 1 in two ways. First, we expanded the Study 1 mediation model to include romantic attachment (alongside benevolent sexism) as an exogenous predictor. Second, we included both women and men in the sample to examine whether the hypothesized relations were moderated by gender. Findings illustrated that anxious attachment indirectly predicted participants’ anticipated use of negative relationship maintenance strategies via relationship-contingent self-esteem. The magnitude of these relations was comparable for women and men. Together, findings from the two studies provide insight into why people vary in their responses to relationships characterized by high levels of conflict.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 12","pages":"1063-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should Leaders Outsource Visionary Leadership to AI? The Effects of AI Vision Delivery and Perceived AI-Generated Vision Content on Follower Perceptions and Motivation","authors":"Martin Buss,&nbsp;Mara J. Metzger,&nbsp;Eric Kearney","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in leadership is debated—while some question its ability to replace human leaders, others argue that AI can help inspire followers. In this study, we integrate studies on human-AI interaction with the literatures on visionary leadership and social perception to examine the impact of outsourcing the creation and delivery of visions to AI. We propose that vision delivery by an AI avatar, compared to a human speaker, has a positive indirect effect on follower motivation through perceived leader competence but a negative indirect effect through perceived leader warmth. Moreover, we argue that these effects depend on followers' perceptions of who created the vision. Specifically, we propose that the positive indirect effect via perceived leader competence is stronger when followers believe the vision was created by AI rather than a human. Conversely, we argue that the negative indirect effect via perceived leader warmth is more strongly negative when followers believe a human leader outsourced the delivery of his or her vision to AI. We find support for our hypotheses in an experiment with 260 participants. Our research advances the understanding of both the benefits and drawbacks of outsourcing visionary leadership to AI.</p>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 12","pages":"1049-1062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Sense of Community on Civic Attitude: Moderating Roles of Social Environment and Motivational Behavior","authors":"Joyce Say,&nbsp;Dietermar Say,&nbsp;Chin-Cheng Ni","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined how the sense of community influences civic attitude under varying social environments and motivational conditions. Three studies investigated how inclusivity and exclusivity, together with egoistic and altruistic motivations, shape civic engagement. Study 1 (<i>n</i> = 112) tested the effect of social environment, Study 2 (<i>n</i> = 118) examined motivational behavior, and Study 3 (<i>n</i> = 240) combined both factors in a two-by-two factorial design. Across all studies, sense of community was treated as a continuous independent variable to capture nuanced variations in its interaction with environmental and motivational contexts. The results showed that individuals with a low sense of community demonstrated stronger civic attitudes in exclusive environments, especially when guided by egoistic motivations, whereas those with a high sense of community maintained stable civic attitudes across all conditions. These findings extend social psychological understanding of civic participation by revealing how contextual and motivational factors jointly shape engagement. The study contributes to Sustainable Development Goal 11 by highlighting that effective community strategies should balance inclusive practices with selective belonging to foster resilient and sustainable participation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 12","pages":"1028-1048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal Relative Deprivation Leads to the Objectification of Social Targets: Exchange Orientation as a Mechanism","authors":"Xuegang Zheng,&nbsp;Jie Leng,&nbsp;Ping Hu","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>People are motivated to make social comparisons, as these comparisons provide relative information about their position. However, social comparisons can sometimes lead to experiences of personal relative deprivation (PRD), in which people perceive themselves as being at a disadvantage compared to others, resulting in feelings of unfair treatment, resentment, and anger. This study hypothesizes that PRD can lead to the objectification of social targets, with exchange orientation acting as the underlying mechanism. In Study 1 (<i>N</i> = 3482), we found that PRD is positively correlated with the objectification of social targets. This result was proved by Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 250), which further revealed that the effect of PRD on objectification is mediated by exchange orientation. Finally, Study 3 (<i>N</i> = 194) employed an experimental design to manipulate PRD, revealing that individuals experiencing heightened PRD are more likely to view interpersonal relationships through an exchange-oriented lens, thus increasing their tendency to objectify others. Overall, this study underscores the profound impact of PRD on individuals' perceptions of social relationships, highlighting how a sense of PRD can shift interpersonal dynamics toward an exchange-oriented perspective, ultimately fostering the objectification of others.</p>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 12","pages":"1019-1027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Fit in Campus Spaces: Acculturation Orientations Shape the Perceived Restorativeness of Minority and Majority Environments","authors":"Joo H. Ng,&nbsp;Thomas A. Morton,&nbsp;Teri A. Kirby","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In three field experiments (total <i>N</i> = 618), international students who varied in their acculturation orientations completed tasks in a majority or minority space on campus. Integrating theories from environmental and social psychology, we expected that fit between the individual's acculturation orientation and the social profile of the campus spaces would increase perceived and experienced psychological restoration. Consistent with this prediction, integrative mixed model analysis of the combined data across studies revealed that participants perceived the minority space as more restorative than the majority space, but only among those oriented towards their home culture (i.e., evidencing stronger fit). Effects on objective performance and mood were more mixed and less consistent with predictions. Overall, the results point to the importance of individual, social, and physical factors in shaping environmental experiences and perceptions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 12","pages":"1004-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hunger to Belong: Student Identity and Belonging Mediate the Relationship Between Social Class and Food Insecurity Among University Students","authors":"Stephanie L. Hardacre,&nbsp;Olivia Evans,&nbsp;Tegan Cruwys,&nbsp;Sarah Walker,&nbsp;Alicia V. Cognian","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite growing awareness and efforts to improve adequate food access, the prevalence of food insecurity among university students continues to rise. Research has consistently demonstrated that food insecurity is more likely to be experienced by students facing immediate financial hardship. However, to date, little research has investigated students' social class background and associated lack of psychosocial resources as risk factors for food insecurity. Recognizing the exclusionary nature of universities for students from lower-class backgrounds, we propose a novel social identity-based approach to understanding food insecurity experiences at university. We conducted two cross-sectional online surveys in 2020 with convenience samples of Australian students (Study 1 <i>N</i> = 2,666; Study 2 <i>N</i> = 177) to explore student identity and sense of belonging to university as mediators of the relationship between social class and food insecurity. In both studies, we found that lower social class was associated with increased risk for experiencing food insecurity, and that this relationship was serially mediated through reduced student identity and belonging. In Study 2, over half of students were experiencing food insecurity, yet fewer than a quarter had accessed any campus support services. Study 2 also found the serial mediation via identification and belonging was contingent on controlling for COVID-19's impact on students. These findings highlight the importance of student identity and belonging as key drivers of food (in)security that might be harnessed to improve university student outcomes. We suggest that beyond financial and material support, universities must cultivate inclusive environments where students feel psychologically connected, else they are unlikely to utilize such supports even when needed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 12","pages":"990-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Followers Do Not Emulate Their Leaders: Unraveling the Health-Related Role Model Effect of Leaders","authors":"Lene S. Fröhlich,&nbsp;Annika Krick,&nbsp;Jörg Felfe","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Health-oriented Leadership (HoL) model proposes that leaders serve as health-related role models for employees. However, little is known about which employees follow their leader's SelfCare example or the effects of deviating from it. This study aims to identify different SelfCare role model constellations between employees (SCe) and leaders (SCl) through a person-centered approach, examining how these profiles relate to demands and resources and affect employee health and job satisfaction. <i>N</i> = 561 public sector employees were surveyed online at two time points. The questionnaire assessed SelfCare behaviors, health complaints, strain, job satisfaction, demands, and resources. Latent profile analysis identified five health-related role model profiles: two convergent, two divergent, and one average. Different levels of vulnerability to stress and StaffCare were linked to divergent profiles. In addition, lower levels of lack of time and a less pronounced self-schema of being strong and independent were related to the “divergent-resistant” profile. Profiles differed in health and job satisfaction, with the “convergent-beneficial” (high SCl &amp; SCe) being the most favorable, followed by the “divergent-resistant” (SCl low, SCe high). The “convergent-detrimental” (low SCl &amp; SCe) and “divergent-non-responding” (SCl high, SCe low) profiles showed no significant differences. This study offers a differentiated perspective on leaders' health-related role model effect, contributing to HoL research. Findings highlight the need for organizations to reduce employee demands and enhance resources, such as StaffCare, to enable employees to benefit from positive examples and resist negative ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 12","pages":"967-989"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145666200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Efficient Leaders Risk Appearing as Jerks: People Expect Authority Figures to Accept Organizational Sacrificial Harm, but View Doing so as Cold and Immoral","authors":"Elena Brandt,&nbsp;Jason Lam,&nbsp;Paul Conway","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Organizations sometimes face choices where harming some employees brings overall benefits, e.g., downsizing under crisis. Similar to sacrificial dilemmas where causing harm saves lives, organizational sacrifices may communicate an affective-cognitive trade-off: sacrificing employees to maximize outcomes suggests a relatively cold but competent demeanor, whereas refusal to sacrifice may communicate warmth despite lower competence. Accordingly, people may expect leaders to sacrifice and conform to such role norms themselves. Finally, decision-makers may be able to influence such perceptions through verbal communication. Six preregistered studies (<i>N</i> = 2231) tested these possibilities. Consistent with prior work, people rated decision-makers who rejected sacrificial harm higher in warmth than competence, whereas managers who accepted sacrificial harm lower in warmth than competence. People also expected more sacrificial decisions from high- than low-authority decision-makers, even though they evaluated them similarly when making the same choice. Participants assigned to high versus low authority roles also accepted sacrifices more often, although this effect emerged only in less-experienced workers. Finally, expressing emotional concern for sacrificial victims increased ratings of warmth and moral character, and ratings of warmth and leadership when accepting harm. These findings suggest a paradox leaders may overcome with communication: People may expect sacrificial choices from leadership, even as they infer coldness and immorality (albeit competence) from such decisions—however, clarifying concern for victims may reduce approbation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 11","pages":"940-960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One of Us: Autocratic Leadership Undermines Leader Support Less When Leader and Follower Are Politically Aligned","authors":"Kathryn M. Kincaid,&nbsp;Angela C. Ma,&nbsp;David E. Rast,&nbsp;Amber M. Gaffney","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Autocratic leadership is on the rise globally, even in many long-standing democracies. While democratically elected leaders who violate democratic norms often lose public support, political allegiances can shape the extent to which citizens withdraw that support. Drawing on social identity theory and the transgression credit theory of leadership, we hypothesize that while group members typically prefer nonautocratic over autocratic political leaders, this preference may weaken when a leader's political orientation or party affiliation aligns with that of group members, and thus the leader is viewed as a member of the ingroup. We test this hypothesis in seven studies (total <i>N</i> = 6385) spanning three countries, a range of leader targets (e.g., UK political leadership, Justin Trudeau, the leaders of the major Canadian political parties, Donald Trump, and Hillary Clinton), among both liberals and conservatives, at multiple time points over the span of 6 years, and combining both original survey data (Studies 1–4) and secondary analyses of nationally representative panel data from the United States (Studies 5–7). In all studies, participants reported their political affiliation, rated how autocratic they perceive their political leaders (Studies 1–4) or how much they perceive their political leaders disrespect democracy (Studies 5–7), and then evaluated their political leaders. We find robust support for our hypothesis that political affiliation moderates the relationship between perceived autocratic leadership style and leader support. Autocratic leadership style or perceived disrespect for democracy was associated with less favorable leader evaluations, but this negative association was significantly weakened when the leader shared the participants' political affiliation. Thus, although perceiving a leader as autocratic tends to erode leader support, it does so to a significantly lesser extent when the leader represents one's political ingroup.</p>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 11","pages":"914-939"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Come to Your Senses: Initial Evidence That Scents but Not Pronouns Inspire Charitability","authors":"Ilja Croijmans,&nbsp;Jasper de Groot,&nbsp;Sebastian Sadowski","doi":"10.1111/jasp.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jasp.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Charitable behavior, for example, donating money to charitable organizations, can strengthen communities and foster equality. Despite the abundance of research on communication strategies that can boost charitable behavior, the interaction between different modalities in such strategies (e.g., written appeals and concurrently present sensory cues such as scent) is not yet well understood. By examining the impact of linguistic and sensory cues, this study tests whether the congruence between the linguistic cues and the scent enhances prosocial behavior more effectively than their individual effects. Participants (<i>N</i> = 161) were enrolled in a mixed-design study with two factors: pronoun condition (between-subjects: “you” vs. “we”) and odor condition (within-subjects: own fragrance, other fragrance, “we-fragrance,” odorless control). Specifically, participants were exposed to four counterbalanced odors while reading texts about charitable organizations that were manipulated for pronoun usage, after which they responded to measures of donation intention and attitudes toward the charity. After the charitable behavior part, participants rated odor pleasantness, familiarity, and intensity for each odor condition. The results showed no evidence for the preregistered interaction between pronoun use and odor condition. However, exploratory contrast analyses suggested that, compared to the odorless control condition, all odor conditions significantly enhanced immediate and future donation intention and attitudes toward the charity. Exploratory correlation analyses further suggested that perceived odor pleasantness, and not familiarity or intensity, may drive this effect, consistent with theories linking positive affect and trust to prosocial behavior. Future research should examine whether pleasant olfactory environments can reliably increase charitable behavior beyond linguistic framing strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48404,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology","volume":"55 11","pages":"900-913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jasp.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145476440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}