Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.01.002
Davide C. Orazi , Greg Nyilasy
{"title":"Phygital products: Effects and boundaries of metaverse-first retail strategies","authors":"Davide C. Orazi , Greg Nyilasy","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The metaverse offers unique opportunities to retail Phygital Products (PPs)—combined physical-digital offerings whose components are linked together using NFTs. Despite their rising popularity and operational efficiencies, PPs pose a number of distribution challenges likely to influence customer valuations of these products. This research investigates how different retail strategies (metaverse-first vs. physical store-first) influence willingness to pay for PPs. Five experimental studies, including one conducted in a simulated metaverse store, show that metaverse-first retail strategies decrease willingness to pay (Studies 1A-1C) due to decreased investment value (Study 2). This valuation penalty can be mitigated by manipulating arousal through in-store atmospherics. Specifically, increasing music tempo reverses the negative effect of metaverse-first retail strategies on investment value and willingness to pay (Study 3). Our findings inform actionable strategies on how to retail PPs in the metaverse to maximize distribution reach while reducing valuation penalties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 371-386"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148235787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.12.005
Scott Fay, Ali Kozehgaran
{"title":"Learning from service experience ratings: effects on experience quality, credence quality, and customer satisfaction","authors":"Scott Fay, Ali Kozehgaran","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the effects of service experience ratings (SERs) in service industries. SERs are defined as consumers’ assessments of a service encounter (typically on a 3-, 5-, or 10-point numeric scale) that are made immediately after the encounter. We conceptualize SERs as being a mechanism for retailers to observe how much effort employees expend on the provision of experience quality. Using a principal-agent analytical model in which the worker provides credence quality for altruistic reasons and SERs enhance customers’ recognition of the experience quality that is delivered, we investigate whether a retailer should solicit SERs, how SERs influence a worker’s expenditure of effort on experience and credence qualities, and the impact of SERs on customer retention. SERs present a fundamental tradeoff between the benefits from heightened customer satisfaction (which generates future profit) and larger costs (due to monitoring costs and additional compensation to induce the worker to exert more effort). We find that soliciting SERs is profitable for a retailer when the cost of administrating surveys is low, most consumers appreciate the effort workers devote to providing experience attributes, consumers expect a low service quality, and satisfied customers generate high future profit. The nuanced effects of SERs lead to several surprising results. For example, it may be optimal for the retailer to respond to higher expectations about quality by providing a lower-quality service. Also, although SERs only assess experience quality, it is possible that SERs may become more beneficial when consumers highly value credence quality. Another intriguing result is that there are situations in which SERs do not enhance a retailer’s profit even if were costless to collect this information. For example, higher worker altruism may eliminate the incentive to collect SERs and, as a result, lead to fewer customers being satisfied with the service.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 353-370"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148502015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-05-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.010
Hua Fang , Khloé Qi Kang , Jennifer A. Yule , Ben Marder , Rob Angell
{"title":"Let’s (NOT) get physical: Cross-format dilution when launching physical counterparts with unique digital assets","authors":"Hua Fang , Khloé Qi Kang , Jennifer A. Yule , Ben Marder , Rob Angell","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As brands seek new revenue streams in the metaverse, selling unique digital assets (UDAs)—like virtual sneakers, artwork, or clothing—represents a promising opportunity. But does offering both digital and physical versions help or hurt in driving favorable consumer responses (e.g. intention to purchase, willingness to pay)? Across six experiments, we find that digital-only UDAs generate stronger purchase interest than those paired with a physical counterpart. This happens because also adding a physical version of the asset reduces the sense that the digital item is truly unique—making it feel less special and less “yours” to the individual. We label this a <em>cross-format dilution</em> effect. Nonetheless, brands can choose to sidestep this by limiting access to the physical version (e.g., display-only) or by releasing the digital item before the physical one.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 404-424"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148235784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.11.001
Yufang Jin, Guang-Xin Xie, Jurui Zhang
{"title":"When product scarcity backfires (or doesn’t): Limited quantities affect perceived retailer sincerity in online promotions","authors":"Yufang Jin, Guang-Xin Xie, Jurui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Limited quantity is prevalent in online promotions, where retailers set predetermined amounts of in-stock items to boost short-term sales through perceived scarcity. While prior studies suggest that demand-driven scarcity can elicit positive product evaluations, this research examines potential adverse effects of supply-driven scarcity on consumer perceptions of retailers, stemming from the granularity of limited quantities that deviate from consumer expectations. Four experiments and one field study demonstrate that less- (vs. more-) than-expected limited quantities undermine perceived retailer sincerity and, in turn, reduce purchase likelihood. This research contributes to the scarcity literature by revealing a novel <em>scarce-insincere inference</em>, an inferential leap beyond consumer product evaluations triggered by expectation disconfirmation. Two practical remedies are identified for retailers to mitigate these adverse effects: offering timely availability guarantees and employing external attribution framing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 297-314"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148502012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.006
Danielle Sponder Testa , Kelcie Slaton
{"title":"The future is phygital: integrated content analysis of current retail strategies and future priorities across digital, physical, and phygital modalities","authors":"Danielle Sponder Testa , Kelcie Slaton","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this research is to identify current strategies and future priorities within slow-moving consumer goods (SMCG) retail as they relate to physical, digital, and phygital modalities, enabling us to draw insights relating to the future of the metaverse in retail. Within our exploration, we analyzed published reports of internal retail stakeholders including brands and retailers, and external retail stakeholders including professional service firms and consumers. Results indicate current strategies emphasizing digital engagement, enabling self-expression and individualization through the metaverse and digital assets. However, an impending shift for future priorities integrates physical and digital to create phygital experiences. Thus, stakeholders expect that the future of metaverse retailing lies in integrated experiences, including physical and digital touchpoints, for an immersive experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 566-581"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148235777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.12.003
Omar H. Fares , Shelley Haines , Seung Hwan (Mark) Lee , Ali Azmy , Myuri Mohan , Selena Le
{"title":"Retail Metaverse acceptance: A meta-analysis with Hofstede’s cultural moderation","authors":"Omar H. Fares , Shelley Haines , Seung Hwan (Mark) Lee , Ali Azmy , Myuri Mohan , Selena Le","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the utility of Metaverse gains momentum among Retailers, there is growing interest in exploring how this platform can enhance customer engagement and connection. Although previous studies have identified various drivers of adoption, the findings remain fragmented and seldom consider cross-cultural differences. This paper synthesizes 140 independent studies, involving 46,547 participants, through a meta-analysis guided by the SHIFT framework (Social Influence, Habit, Individual Self, Feelings and Cognition, and Tangibility) to develop an integrated understanding of the psychological levers shaping Metaverse acceptance. Findings indicate that individual self-elements and affective enjoyment are among the strongest predictors of attitudes, consumer intention and satisfaction. Additionally, national cultural values, operationalized through Hofstede’s six dimensions, moderate many of these relationships. For instance, power distance and long-term orientation amplify the effects of usability and affective engagement, respectively. The results provide a practical roadmap for retailers by connecting psychological theory with cultural insights, outlining how Metaverse strategies can be localized for different markets. Implications for retail design, platform development, and future research are also discussed, along with eight key insights.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 498-545"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148235779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-05-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.007
Ertugrul Uysal , David Finken , Martin Krämer , Sascha Alavi , Youjung Jun , Dennis Schendzielarz
{"title":"Virtually mine: Understanding consumer responses to virtual reality product presentations","authors":"Ertugrul Uysal , David Finken , Martin Krämer , Sascha Alavi , Youjung Jun , Dennis Schendzielarz","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Virtual reality (VR) offers retailers a promising tool to enhance consumer experiences and product presentations. However, existing research provides limited guidance on how to effectively implement VR in retail settings. To explore actionable VR strategies for retailers and advance understanding of VR-based product presentations, the authors conducted a field experiment, three controlled laboratory experiments, and a series of qualitative interviews (<em>N</em> = 482). The results show VR product presentations do not inherently improve consumer outcomes; rather, retailers need to carefully design them to realize their benefits. VR product presentations can improve outcomes for retailers when used to (a) showcase hedonic products, (b) employ interactive and realistic virtual environments that stimulate consumers’ product imagination, (c) present the product in a congruent usage context, and (d) enable product assembly in VR (revealing a virtual “IKEA effect). We uncover psychological ownership as a key mechanism explaining these effects. The paper offers clear guidance for retailers and contributes to the literature by demonstrating how VR product presentations impact consumer outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 461-481"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148235781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-06-15DOI: 10.1016/S0022-4359(26)00047-3
{"title":"FM ii: Copyright/ ID Statement","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0022-4359(26)00047-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-4359(26)00047-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Page ii"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148501793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of RetailingPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.10.001
Ashutosh Bhave, Norris I. Bruce, Larry Olanrewaju Orimoloye
{"title":"The dynamic effects of subscription-based free shipping on purchase behavior and profitability: Insights from the acquisition and renewal phases","authors":"Ashutosh Bhave, Norris I. Bruce, Larry Olanrewaju Orimoloye","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the dynamic effects of a subscription-based shipping (SBS) program offered by an apparel retailer, in which customers receive unlimited free shipping with no restrictions for a small annual membership fee. We examine how the SBS program influences revenues, order frequency, order size, basket composition, and profitability during the initial 12-month subscription and in the subsequent renewal period. Using data from a UK-based retailer, the study shows that the SBS program increases members' overall revenue and purchase frequency while decreasing their average order size. The gains come from the lift in purchases of low-cost items. These effects are most pronounced in the early months of the subscription and diminish rapidly over time. The SBS program is much less effective in generating additional revenue and profitability in the renewal phase. Moreover, members who do not renew after the first year show clear disengagement from the retailer upon discontinuation. This study provides insights into the viability of SBS programs, particularly for retailers charging a small subscription fee.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 208-222"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148501794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The shopper we no longer see","authors":"Katrijn Gielens","doi":"10.1016/j.jretai.2026.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jretai.2026.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Retailing","volume":"102 2","pages":"Pages 185-189"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148274664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}