Journal of Anxiety Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and dysregulated positive emotion processes: A network analysis","authors":"Siyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Madeline M. Rodenbaugh ,&nbsp;Casey Straud ,&nbsp;Nicole H. Weiss ,&nbsp;Ateka A. Contractor","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging research indicates an important role of positive emotion processes in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology. To extend this research, we utilized a network approach to examine associations between PTSD symptom clusters (intrusions, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood [NACM], alterations in arousal and reactivity [AAR]) and dysregulated positive emotion processes (levels of positive affect, self-focused positive rumination, emotion-focused positive rumination, dampening, impulse control difficulties, difficulties engaging in goal-directed behaviors, nonacceptance of positive emotions). Specifically, we examined differential relations between PTSD symptom clusters and positive emotion processes, and symptoms that most strongly connected these constructs (i.e., communities). The sample included 191 trauma-exposed adults recruited from Amazon’s MTurk ( <em>M</em>_age = 38.54 ± 10.99 years, 53.4 % women, 63.4 % with probable PTSD). A regularized Guassian Graphic Model consisting of four nodes representing the PTSD symptom clusters’ community and seven nodes representing the positive emotion processes' community was generated. The strongest positive associations across communities were the NACM-dampening and the AAR-dampening edges. Bridge symptoms with the highest inter-community connectivity were dampening, AAR, intrusions, NACM, and impulse control difficulties. Overall, this study indicates the importance of incorporating positive emotion processes in the conceptualization of PTSD. Our results also highlight that dampening of positive emotions and difficulties with impulse control while experiencing positive emotions may be meaningful targets in PTSD treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 103022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving towards a subjective conceptualization of betrayal: Examining associations between perceived betrayal, emotion dysregulation, and PTSD symptoms in sexual trauma survivors","authors":"Mariel Emrich ,&nbsp;Camille L. Garnsey,&nbsp;Erika K. Osherow,&nbsp;Crystal L. Park","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sexual trauma survivors commonly experience feelings of betrayal. Betrayal has largely been studied as a static trauma characteristic that is determined by a survivor’s closeness to the perpetrator. This approach overlooks survivors’ <em>subjective feelings and experiences</em>. This study examines whether: 1) degree of perceived betrayal differs by type of survivor-perpetrator relationship, 2) perceived betrayal in the early aftermath of trauma predicts subsequent PTSD symptoms, and 3) emotion dysregulation mediates the relationship between perceived betrayal and PTSD symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Women (<em>N</em> = 203; ages 19–86) who experienced sexual trauma within a month of recruitment completed questionnaires on Prolific at T1 (within 30 days of trauma), T2 (4 weeks post-T1), and T3 (8 weeks post-T1). Descriptive statistics and an independent samples t-test examined differences in perceived betrayal across survivor-perpetrator relationship characteristics. Structural equation models assessed perceived betrayal at T1 predicting PTSD symptoms at T3 and the potential mediating effect of T2 emotion dysregulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Although betrayal was highest among survivors who knew the perpetrator prior to the trauma (<em>M</em> = 76.8, range 0–100), average perceived betrayal was high across the sample (<em>M</em> = 70.5), and the quarter of survivors who identified the perpetrator as a stranger also reported elevated betrayal (<em>M</em> = 51.6). T1 perceived betrayal significantly predicted T3 PTSD symptoms with increases in emotion dysregulation partially mediating this effect (<em>p</em> = .01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings support moving towards a subjective conceptualization of betrayal that incorporates survivors’ perceptions. Moreover, emotion dysregulation may be an important intervention target in the early aftermath of sexual trauma and warrants further empirical research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental cognitions and child anxiety: A systematic review","authors":"Jeremy K. Fox ,&nbsp;Lauren E. Fleming","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the well-established link between maladaptive parenting behaviors (e.g., control, accommodation) and the development and maintenance of child anxiety, it is important to understand parental cognitions that may underlie these parenting behaviors. The goal of this systematic review was to examine the extent to which parental cognitions are associated with child anxiety. A systematic electronic database search of PubMed, PsycINFO, ProQuest Psychology, and EBSCO Child Development and Adolescent Studies was conducted in February 2024. In total, 31 studies met inclusion criteria from 9867 abstracts initially identified. The review revealed that a large number of studies have consistently found associations between child anxiety and two types of parental cognitions, negative beliefs about child anxiety and negative expectations of the child’s anxiety. In contrast, studies investigating parental worries about threats to their child and cognitions about parenting are more limited and have produced mixed findings and smaller effects. Future research should examine the directionality and mechanisms of relations between parental cognitions and child anxiety using longitudinal designs, as well as explore the role of cultural factors. Findings suggest that parental cognitions may be an important factor in understanding child anxiety and a potential target for prevention and early intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103021"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concise multi-class anxiety disorder risk assessment: A novel advanced machine learning approach","authors":"Haochong Yang ,&nbsp;Yuan Hong Sun ,&nbsp;Kang Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapidly assessing anxiety disorder risk is crucial for effective mental health screen and intervention. However, traditional survey tools such as DASS-42 are time-consuming in responding and scoring. We used a novel advanced machine learning approach to create a concise anxiety disorder scale based on DASS-42. By applying advanced ML techniques and feature selection, we created a concise version of the anxiety risk scale while maintaining high validity. The resulting model requires fewer questions to predict anxiety risk levels effectively. This optimized scale was implemented in an online tool for quick self-screening and clinical use. This innovation holds significant societal implications, offering scalable, efficient, and accurate methods that facilitate faster and earlier anxiety disorder detection and intervention, especially among underserved and high-risk populations. The study highlights how machine learning can create practical, accessible mental health assessment tools, contributing to improved well-being outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Question-based computational language approach outperform ratings scale in discriminating between anxiety and depression","authors":"Mona Tabesh ,&nbsp;Mariam Mirström ,&nbsp;Rebecca Astrid Böhme ,&nbsp;Marta Lasota ,&nbsp;Yousef Javaherian ,&nbsp;Thibaud Agbotsoka-Guiter ,&nbsp;Sverker Sikström","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Major Depression (MD) and General Anxiety Disorder (GAD) are the most common mental health disorders, which typically are assessed quantitatively by rating scales such as PHQ-9 and GAD-7. However, recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) have opened up the possibility of question-based computational language assessment (QCLA). Here we investigate how accurate open-ended questions, using descriptive keywords or autobiographical narratives, can discriminate between participants that self-reported diagnosis of depression and anxiety, or health control. The results show that both language and rating scale measures can discriminate well, however, autobiographical narratives discriminate best between healthy and anxiety (ϕ = 1.58), as well as healthy and depression (ϕ = 1.38). Descriptive keywords, and to a certain extent autobiographical narratives, also discriminate better than summed scores of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 (ϕ=0.80 in discrimination between anxiety and depression), but not when individual items of these scales were analyzed by ML (ϕ=0.86 and ϕ=0.91 in item-level analysis of PHQ-9 and GAD-7, respectively). Combining the scales consistently elevated the discrimination even more (ϕ=1.39 in comparison between depression and anxiety), both in item-level and sum-scores analyses. These results indicate that QCLA measures often, but not in all cases, are better than standardized rating scales for assessment of depression and anxiety. Implication of these findings for mental health assessments are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103020"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological interventions for adult posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review of published meta-analyses","authors":"Ahlke Kip ,&nbsp;Linnea Ritter ,&nbsp;Thole H. Hoppen ,&nbsp;Davide Papola ,&nbsp;Giovanni Ostuzzi ,&nbsp;Corrado Barbui ,&nbsp;Nexhmedin Morina","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>A large and growing number of published meta-analyses have examined the efficacy of psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Conclusions drawn from these meta-analyses on treatment efficacy greatly influence clinical practice. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on psychological interventions for adult PTSD, focusing on their content, methodology, and reporting quality.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Systematic database searches were conducted in March 2024 using MEDLINE, PsycInfo, PTSDpubs, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The quality of meta-analyses was assessed using AMSTAR 2. The systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020151234).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 55 meta-analyses with 93 meta-analytic comparisons at treatment endpoint and 28 comparisons at follow-up were included. Meta-analyses most consistently showed superiority of psychological interventions over control conditions. However, beneficial long-term effects exceeding one-month post-treatment were limited to trauma-focused cognitive behavior interventions (TF-CBT) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). There was a substantial overlap of primary RCTs, indicating redundancy between meta-analyses. Furthermore, the quality of meta-analyses varied substantially.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a need to enhance the methodological and reporting quality of meta-analyses, avoid the production of redundant meta-analyses, and conduct more high-quality, large RCTs with long-term assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early hypervigilance and sustained attention for the eye region in adolescents with social anxiety disorder","authors":"Vera Hauffe ,&nbsp;Anna-Lina Rauschenbach ,&nbsp;Eva-Maria Fassot ,&nbsp;Julian Schmitz ,&nbsp;Brunna Tuschen-Caffier","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a highly prevalent and debilitating affliction that typically manifests during childhood and adolescence. While theoretical models of adult SAD emphasize the role of attentional biases, little is known about maintaining factors during childhood and adolescence. The objective of our eye-tracking study was to determine whether youth with SAD exhibit a hypervigilance-avoidance pattern of visual attention for faces. To this end, we used a free-viewing paradigm to present angry, happy, and neutral faces, and non-social object stimuli to three groups of adolescents aged 10–15 years: SAD (<em>n</em> = 57), specific phobia (SP; <em>n</em> = 41), and healthy controls (HC; <em>n</em> = 65). A screen-based eye tracker recorded gaze behavior and pupil dilation. Among participants, only older adolescents with SAD exhibited shorter latencies of first fixation to the eye region compared to HC. Contrary to our expectations, there were no differences in duration of first fixation to the eye region among the groups. Instead, compared to HC, older adolescents with SAD showed longer dwell times on the eye region during the first 1000 – 3000 ms of stimulus presentation. No significant differences among the groups were found regarding scanpath length or pupillary reactivity. Taken together, our findings suggest early hypervigilance followed by sustained attention to the eye region in older adolescents with SAD, which may indicate difficulties in disengaging attention. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications in detail.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"And then one day you find ten years have got behind you\": Reflections on a Decade as Editor-in-Chief","authors":"Gordon J.G. Asmundson","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 103007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“To die, to sleep”: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between death anxiety and sleep","authors":"Rachel E. Menzies,&nbsp;Jessie Brown,&nbsp;Jye Marchant","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poor sleep has long been established as both a symptom and cause of psychopathology. Similarly, death anxiety has attracted growing attention for its transdiagnostic role in mental illnesses, particularly anxiety-related disorders. However, the relationship between death anxiety and sleep has not been systematically explored. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the relationship between sleep and death anxiety. In total, 15 studies were included in this review, representing a total sample size of 2786 participants. A review of these studies revealed that death anxiety was significantly associated with a number of sleep outcomes, particularly insomnia and poor sleep quality. Mixed results were found regarding the relationship between death anxiety and nightmare frequency. A meta-analysis of seven studies revealed a significant but small relationship between death anxiety and sleep problems (<em>r</em> = .225). Neither gender nor age emerged as a significant moderator of this relationship. These studies were generally of moderate quality, and there was limited evidence of publication bias. The current findings support the relationship between death anxiety and sleep. Further research is needed to clarify the direction of this effect, and whether targeting one in treatment may produce direct improvements in the other.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Find your rhythm and regulate: Breath-synced vibration feedback during breath-focused mindfulness reduces respiration variability in trauma-exposed adults","authors":"Timothy J. McDermott ,&nbsp;Greg J. Siegle ,&nbsp;Alfonsina Guelfo ,&nbsp;Kayla Huynh ,&nbsp;Maya C. Karkare ,&nbsp;Rebecca Krawczak ,&nbsp;Amanda Johnston ,&nbsp;Aziz Elbasheir ,&nbsp;Travis M. Fulton ,&nbsp;Jacob Semerod ,&nbsp;Divya Jagadeesh ,&nbsp;Emma C. Lathan ,&nbsp;Robert T. Krafty ,&nbsp;Negar Fani","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress and anxiety are associated with increased autonomic arousal, including altered respiration. Breath-focused mindfulness meditation can reduce stress and anxiety, but trauma-exposed adults with dissociation have difficulty engaging in this practice. Our ongoing clinical trial examines if vibration-augmented breath-focused mindfulness (VABF) can improve outcomes and increase engagement. Here, we tested if VABF reduces respiration rate (RR) or respiration variability (RV), and examined associations between RR, RV, and emotion ratings. 128 trauma-exposed adults (mean age = 30.21 years) with elevated dissociation volunteered and completed at least 50 % of intervention visits. Participants were randomized to one of four mindfulness meditation interventions: VABF (<em>n</em> = 34); breath-focus only (<em>n</em> = 33); vibration only (<em>n</em> = 34); open awareness (no vibration or breath-focus, <em>n</em> = 27). Results from linear mixed-effects models showed that VABF decreased RV across visits while all the other interventions showed increased RV across visits (<em>p</em> = .008; <em>η</em>_<em>p</em>² = .014), and RV was positively associated with both anxiety and anger ratings (<em>p</em>s &lt; .001; <em>r</em>s &gt; .125). Findings suggest RV is a meaningful metric for examining regulatory processes in clinical populations with elevated autonomic arousal and negative emotionality. They also show that RV is modifiable through VABF, which holds significant promise as an intervention to improve regulatory processes in trauma-exposed populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 103008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}