Journal of Anxiety Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Negative emotion differentiation buffers against intergenerational risk for social anxiety in at-risk adolescent girls","authors":"T. H. Stanley Seah ,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Silk ,&nbsp;Erika E. Forbes ,&nbsp;Cecile D. Ladouceur","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social anxiety disorder (SAD) tends to emerge during adolescence and is more prevalent among those assigned female at birth. Parental social anxiety confers risk for adolescent SAD but less is known regarding protective factors. Research suggests that emotion differentiation (the ability to discriminate between similarly valenced emotions, e.g., fear vs. sadness vs. anger) may be protective, as it is associated with adaptive psychosocial outcomes. However, little work has examined how emotion differentiation influences the development of SAD, particularly during periods of higher risk such as adolescence. In a longitudinal study of adolescent girls at high temperamental risk for SAD (aged 11–14-years; <em>n</em>=114), we tested whether emotion differentiation (derived using negative and positive emotion ratings from 16-day ecological momentary assessments at baseline) moderated the relationship between parental and adolescent social anxiety symptoms across two years. Results revealed significant moderation by negative (but not positive) emotion differentiation (<em>p</em>=.042): Baseline parental social anxiety was positively associated with adolescent social anxiety symptoms at two-year follow-up but only at lower (vs. higher) levels of emotion differentiation, even after controlling for baseline depressive symptoms. Exploratory analyses showed that these effects were unique to avoidance of social situations (<em>p</em>=.014). Findings highlight the protective effects of emotion differentiation and have important clinical implications for understanding and treating SAD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive avoidance bias towards uncertain faces in non-clinical social anxiety individuals","authors":"Yining Kou ,&nbsp;Huili Xing ,&nbsp;Ronglian Zheng ,&nbsp;Yihan Wu ,&nbsp;Shuqing Feng ,&nbsp;Feng Zou ,&nbsp;Meng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous survey studies have consistently shown a strong link between social anxiety and intolerance for uncertainty. However, this association lacks empirical validation from laboratory investigations. To bridge this gap, we conducted a study utilizing the ultimatum game task to assign distinct social connotations (egoistic, altruistic, and uncertain) to three initially neutral faces. Subsequently, we utilized the Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT) paradigm to evaluate participants' approach-avoidance tendencies towards the faces with varying social meanings. Additionally, we collected data on participants' levels of social anxiety and trait anxiety. Our results indicate that both social anxiety and trait anxiety levels impact individuals' avoidance behaviors when faced with socially uncertain cues. This suggests that individuals with higher levels of social anxiety may demonstrate increased sensitivity to uncertainty in social contexts, leading to avoidance behaviors. Crucially, our findings directly underscore the heightened avoidance tendencies of non-clinical individuals with social anxiety towards socially uncertain stimuli, thereby providing new empirical support for research on anxiety disorders related to uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of serum BDNF levels and childhood adversity in predicting earlier-onset post-traumatic stress disorder: A two-year longitudinal study","authors":"Jae-Min Kim ,&nbsp;Hee-Ju Kang ,&nbsp;Ju-Wan Kim ,&nbsp;Ju-Yeon Lee ,&nbsp;Hyunseok Jang ,&nbsp;Jung-Chul Kim ,&nbsp;Sung-Wan Kim ,&nbsp;Il-Seon Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This longitudinal study explored the intricate relationships between serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (sBDNF) levels, exposure to childhood adversities, and the subsequent development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), distinguishing between earlier- and delayed-onset forms over a two-year follow-up period in individuals sustaining physical injuries. We recruited patients presenting with moderate to severe physical injuries at a trauma center, conducting baseline assessments of sBDNF levels and childhood adversities through the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) questionnaire. Additionally, detailed socio-demographic and clinical data were compiled. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 was employed to diagnose PTSD at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-injury. Binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses were applied to elucidate the interactions between sBDNF levels, childhood adversities, and PTSD onset patterns. Among 895 participants, PTSD was diagnosed in 107 individuals (11.9 %), with 76 (8.4 %) exhibiting symptoms indicative of earlier-onset PTSD and 31 (3.5 %) demonstrating delayed-onset PTSD. Significantly, lower sBDNF levels were associated with a higher risk of earlier-onset PTSD specifically in the context of childhood adversities. This association was not observed in individuals without childhood adversities or in those with delayed-onset PTSD. The findings suggest a complex and critical interplay between neurobiological factors, specifically sBDNF levels, and early life adversities in influencing the timing of PTSD onset, potentially deepening the understanding of PTSD etiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive treatments for children and adolescents with anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Colin O.W. Ganzevoort ,&nbsp;Lidewij H. Wolters ,&nbsp;Rianne Hornstra ,&nbsp;Caitlin M. Grieve ,&nbsp;Davíð R.M.A. Højgaard ,&nbsp;Gudmundur A. Skarphedinsson ,&nbsp;Bernhard Weidle ,&nbsp;Polly Waite ,&nbsp;Lizél-Antoinette Bertie ,&nbsp;Mark Tomlinson ,&nbsp;Maaike H. Nauta","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders have a significant negative impact on youth. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended and established as effective first-step treatment, but persistent symptoms and non-response are common. Intensive psychological treatments deliver more or longer sessions over a shorter time span, with fewer session gaps. However, an understanding of their effectiveness, characteristics, acceptability, and feasibility is lacking. Systematically searching five databases yielded four controlled and 36 uncontrolled studies (<em>N</em>=2707) involving youth with primary anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders, many of whom received prior treatments. Intensive treatments were acceptable and feasible, with low drop-out rates. Between-group analyses compared intensive treatment with standard treatment (<em>k =</em> 2) or waitlist (<em>k =</em> 2), revealing no significant post-treatment differences in symptom severity or remission. Uncontrolled within-group analyses of intensive treatments showed large improvements from pre- to post-treatment in symptoms (<em>k</em> = 47), remission (<em>k</em> = 17), impairment (<em>k</em> = 22), functioning (<em>k</em> = 5), and quality of life (<em>k</em> = 2), with larger effects at follow-ups. Intensive treatments show promise for youth with anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders by potentially offering high treatment completion rates and comparable outcomes to standard CBT, aiding earlier recovery and reducing overall suffering. This systematic review/meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of intensive treatments, their theoretical considerations, and empirical findings. Future RCTs should compare the effectiveness of standard and intensive treatments and identify optimal populations for their use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}