Amy D. Lykins, Mary Bonich, Cassandra Sundaraja, Suzanne Cosh
{"title":"Climate change anxiety positively predicts antenatal distress in expectant female parents","authors":"Amy D. Lykins, Mary Bonich, Cassandra Sundaraja, Suzanne Cosh","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Clinical and subclinical levels of anxiety and depression are common experiences during pregnancy for expectant women; however, despite rising awareness of significant climate change anxiety around the world, the extent to which this particular type of anxiety may be contributing to overall antenatal psychological distress is currently unknown. Furthermore, the content of concerns that expectant women may have for their existing or future children remains unexplored. To address this gap in knowledge, 103 expectant Australian women completed standardised assessments of antenatal worry and depression, climate change anxiety, and perceived distance to climate change, and responded to several open-ended questions on concerns they had for their children. Results indicated that climate change anxiety accounted for significant percentages of variance in both antenatal worry and depression scores and, unexpectedly, neither child number nor perceived distance to climate change moderated these relationships. Content analysis of qualitative data highlighted the significant health-related anxieties for participants’ children related to climate change (e.g., disease, exposure to extreme weather events, food/water insecurity). Given the escalating nature of climate change, further investigation of this relatively new stressor contributing to the experience of anxiety and distress, particularly in uniquely vulnerable groups such as expectant women, is urgently needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102801"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887618523001391/pdfft?md5=da2284bd5ebeab0ac46338b6c72beaee&pid=1-s2.0-S0887618523001391-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138556251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omer Azriel , Gal Arad , Daniel S. Pine , Amit Lazarov , Yair Bar-Haim
{"title":"Attention bias vs. attention control modification for social anxiety disorder: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Omer Azriel , Gal Arad , Daniel S. Pine , Amit Lazarov , Yair Bar-Haim","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gaze-Contingent Music Reward Therapy (GC-MRT) is an eye-tracking-based attention bias modification protocol for social anxiety disorder (SAD) with established clinical efficacy. However, it remains unclear if improvement following GC-MRT hinges on modification of threat-related attention or on more general enhancement of attention control. Here, 50 patients with SAD were randomly allocated to GC-MRT using either threat faces or shapes. Results indicate comparable reductions in social anxiety and co-morbid depression symptoms in the two conditions. Patients in the shapes condition showed a significant increase in attention control and a reduction in attention to both the trained shapes and threat faces, whereas patients in the faces condition showed a reduction in attention to threat faces only. These findings suggest that enhancement of attention control, independent of valence-specific attention modification, may facilitate reduction in SAD symptoms. Alternative interpretations and clinical implications of the current findings are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102800"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren F. McLellan , Samantha Woon , Jennifer L. Hudson , Heidi J. Lyneham , Eyal Karin , Ronald M. Rapee
{"title":"Treating child anxiety using family-based internet delivered cognitive behavior therapy with brief therapist guidance: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Lauren F. McLellan , Samantha Woon , Jennifer L. Hudson , Heidi J. Lyneham , Eyal Karin , Ronald M. Rapee","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Online treatment delivery has the potential to increase access to evidence-based mental health care for children with anxiety disorders. Using a randomized controlled trial design, we evaluated the efficacy of Cool Kids Online, a family-based and therapist supported internet-delivered cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) designed to target anxiety disorders in children. Ninety-five children aged 7–12 years with a DSM-5 anxiety disorder were randomly allocated to Cool Kids Online or a waitlist control. Children were assessed at baseline, week 11, and 6-months following treatment. Children in waitlist received treatment after week 11 and also completed assessments immediately and six months after treatment, allowing treatment maintenance to be evaluated for all children. Compared to waitlist, Cool Kids Online led to significantly greater remission of anxiety disorders (primary and all anxiety diagnoses) and greater reduction of caregiver-reported anxiety symptoms and interference at week 11. Child-reported anxiety symptoms and interference and child- and caregiver-reported depressive or externalizing symptoms did not differ significantly between conditions. Medium to large within-treatment effects were observed for all children from pre to post treatment with post treatment effects maintained until follow-up. Overall, the findings provide support for the efficacy of the program in treating anxiety. Cool Kids Online compared to waitlist for the remission of anxiety disorders in clinically anxious children; <span>anzctr.org.au</span><svg><path></path></svg>; ACTRN12615000947505.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102802"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887618523001408/pdfft?md5=779dc558d36596556bf75fe20d22a521&pid=1-s2.0-S0887618523001408-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefanie M. Jungmann , Maria Gropalis , Sandra K. Schenkel , Michael Witthöft
{"title":"Is cyberchondria specific to hypochondriasis?","authors":"Stefanie M. Jungmann , Maria Gropalis , Sandra K. Schenkel , Michael Witthöft","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cyberchondria (i.e., excessive health-related Internet search linked to psychological distress) is usually associated with health anxiety, but relationships with other psychopathological symptoms were also found. However, studies are lacking in patients with hypochondriasis, and it remains unclear whether cyberchondria and its subfacets are specific to hypochondriasis (i.e., higher levels in hypochondriasis compared to other mental disorders). Patients with hypochondriasis (<em>N</em> = 50), a clinical (<em>N</em> = 70), and a healthy comparison group (<em>N</em> = 51) completed two questionnaires on cyberchondria whose combined 17 subscales were reduced to three relevant cyberchondria subfacets by second-order factor analysis. The cyberchondria subfacet emotional distress/negative consequences linked to health-related Internet searches showed significantly higher scores in patients with hypochondriasis than in the two comparison groups (<em>d</em> ≥ 1.7) and was the only predictor of dimensional health anxiety (β = .58, <em>p</em> ≤ .001). The two subfacets type/extent of health-related Internet searches and characteristics of the Internet (e.g., attitude toward unreliability, vast amounts of information) were less specifically associated with hypochondriasis. The results are consistent with models of cyberchondria and hypochondriasis, particularly on the anxiety-reinforcing vicious circle and maintaining factors. Based on the findings, practical implications are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"102 ","pages":"Article 102798"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887618523001366/pdfft?md5=980046a3d1c06d5a7716fe684c3f336d&pid=1-s2.0-S0887618523001366-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreas Bezahler , Jennie M. Kuckertz , Dean McKay , Martha J. Falkenstein , Brian A. Feinstein
{"title":"Emotion regulation and OCD among sexual minority people: Identifying treatment targets","authors":"Andreas Bezahler , Jennie M. Kuckertz , Dean McKay , Martha J. Falkenstein , Brian A. Feinstein","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Sexual minority individuals experience higher rates of psychopathology, such that sexual minority people are nine times more likely to receive a diagnosis or treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) compared to heterosexual people. Poor </span>emotion regulation capacity is a risk factor for OCD, but little is known about sexual orientation differences in dimensions of emotion regulation and how dimensions of emotion regulation relate to OCD severity among sexual minority people. The aims of the current study include 1) comparing sexual minority to heterosexual people on OCD severity and emotion regulation capacity upon admission to treatment for OCD, and 2) examining emotion regulation in relation to OCD severity among sexual minority people. Participants (</span><em>N</em> = 470) were adults in partial hospital/residential treatment with an average stay of 59.7 days (<em>SD</em> = 25.3), including 22 % sexual minority people. Sexual minority people reported a lower emotion regulation capacity. Among the largest three subgroups (heterosexual, bi+, and gay/lesbian), bi+ individuals reported a lower emotion regulation capacity compared to heterosexual but not gay/lesbian people. Results suggest there are sexual orientation differences in emotion regulation capacity, and that bi+ people have the most difficulty with ER. There is a need for OCD treatment to directly target emotion regulation strategies and be affirming of sexual minority identities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102807"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew J. Woodward , Elizabeth L. Griffith , Bre’Anna L. Free , Mya E. Bowen , Rimsha Majeed , Melissa S. Beyer , J. Gayle Beck
{"title":"Do latent profiles of self-reported anxiety, depression, and PTSD map onto clinician ratings? An examination with intimate partner violence survivors","authors":"Matthew J. Woodward , Elizabeth L. Griffith , Bre’Anna L. Free , Mya E. Bowen , Rimsha Majeed , Melissa S. Beyer , J. Gayle Beck","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>Studies exploring latent profiles of mental health in trauma survivors have largely relied on self-report, making it unclear whether these patterns correspond with clinician-assessed psychopathology. The purpose of the current study was to examine latent profiles of self-reported </span>PTSD, depression, and anxiety in a sample of 387 women who had experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) and investigate whether profiles mapped onto clinician-rated measures of the same outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Participants completed a series of semi-structured interviews and self-report measures assessing PTSD, depression, and anxiety.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Latent profile analyses revealed a 3-profile solution characterized by Low (22.48 %), Moderate (37.98 %), and High (39.53 %) self-reported symptomology. Clinician ratings were significant predictors of membership in the low vs. moderate vs. high symptomology profiles. However, normalized means showed discrepancies between self-report and clinician assessment regarding which issue was rated most severe.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Results suggest that while latent modeling approaches relying on self-report may adequately approximate common underlying patterns of psychopathology, they have limitations in identifying which disorders are most salient for clinical intervention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102806"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alanna Single , Gillian Alcolado , Matthew T. Keough , Natalie Mota
{"title":"Cannabis use and social anxiety disorder in emerging adulthood: Results from a nationally representative sample","authors":"Alanna Single , Gillian Alcolado , Matthew T. Keough , Natalie Mota","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Cannabis use and </span>social anxiety disorder (SAD) are prevalent during emerging adulthood. Previous work has demonstrated that SAD is related to cannabis use in adults; however, less is known about what correlates relate to this association in emerging adults. A subsample of individuals ages 18–25 years old from the NESARC-III (</span><em>N</em><span> = 5194) was used to (a) evaluate the association between cannabis use and SAD and (b) examine what correlates may be associated with cannabis use and SAD in emerging adulthood. Weighted cross-tabulations assessed sociodemographics and lifetime psychiatric disorder prevalence estimates among the emerging adult sample. Multinomial logistic regressions<span><span><span><span> examined associations between sociodemographics and psychiatric disorders and four groups (i.e., no cannabis use or SAD; cannabis use only; SAD only; cannabis use + SAD). The prevalence of co-occurring cannabis use and SAD was 1.10%. Being White, a part-time student, or not a student were associated with increased odds of having co-occurring cannabis use + SAD (OR range: 2.26–3.09). Significant associations also emerged between major depressive disorder, </span>bipolar I disorder, </span>generalized anxiety disorder<span>, specific phobia, </span></span>agoraphobia, and panic disorder and co-occurring cannabis use + SAD (AOR range: 3.03–19.05). Results of this study may have implications for better identifying and screening emerging adults who are at risk of co-occurring cannabis use and SAD.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102808"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeremy Tyler , Thea Gallagher , Michael G. Wheaton , Gabriella E. Hamlett , Ben Rosenfield , David Rosenfield , Helen B. Simpson , Edna B. Foa
{"title":"Predictors of clinical worsening during a discontinuation trial of serotonin reuptake inhibitors for obsessive compulsive disorder","authors":"Jeremy Tyler , Thea Gallagher , Michael G. Wheaton , Gabriella E. Hamlett , Ben Rosenfield , David Rosenfield , Helen B. Simpson , Edna B. Foa","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore predictors and moderators of clinical worsening during a double-blind trial in which patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were randomized to either continue or discontinue their Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SRI) medication after achieving wellness from the addition of exposure and response prevention (EX/RP) therapy.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p><span>The data came from a double-blind discontinuation trial that included N = 101 participants, 35 of whom were removed from the study due to clinical worsening. We first used LASSO logistic regression to identify which of the 34 potential baseline variables of interest (including demographics, diagnoses, other relevant clinical constructs, and specific genotypes), might moderate or predict this clinical worsening. Then logistic regression was used to examine which of these identified variables were </span><em>significantly</em> related to later clinical worsening. We verified the validity of our final prediction model using k-fold cross-validation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was one significant predictor of clinical worsening: In both groups, those with more past diagnoses had a greater likelihood of clinical worsening (p = .015). There were several moderators. Rates of clinical worsening were higher in the Discontinuation group compared to the Continuation group for participants who were taking a shorter half-life SRI (p = .044), were female (p = .022), had higher baseline levels of maladaptive metacognitions (p < .001), had fewer sleep problems at baseline (p = .001), and/or had more years of education (p < .001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results identified several factors that may predict the development of clinical worsening in OCD patients discontinuing SRI medication following successful EX/RP treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102805"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel approaches for the prevention of emotional problems in young people","authors":"Luis-Joaquin Garcia-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102797","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102797"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138472627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Travis K. Nair , Stephanie M. Waslin , Gabriela A. Rodrigues , Saumya Datta, Michael T. Moore , Laura E. Brumariu
{"title":"A meta-analytic review of the relations between anxiety and empathy","authors":"Travis K. Nair , Stephanie M. Waslin , Gabriela A. Rodrigues , Saumya Datta, Michael T. Moore , Laura E. Brumariu","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although theory suggests that empathy may signal a risk for anxiety (Tone & Tully, 2014), the relation between these constructs remains unclear due to the lack of a quantitative synthesis of empirical findings. We addressed this question by conducting three meta-analyses assessing anxiety and general, cognitive, and affective empathy (<em>k</em>’s = 70–102 samples; <em>N</em>’s = 19,410–25,102 participants). Results suggest that anxiety has a small and significant association with general empathy (<em>r</em> = .08). The relation of clinical anxiety with cognitive empathy was significant but very weak (<em>r =</em> −.03), and small for affective empathy (<em>r</em> = .16). Geographic region and the type of cognitive (e.g., perspective taking, fantasy) and affective empathy (e.g., affective resonance, empathic concern) emerged as moderators. Results suggest that anxiety has a weaker association with general empathy but a stronger association with affective empathy in participants from predominantly collectivistic geographic regions. Further, greater anxiety was weakly associated with less perspective-taking and greater fantasy, and anxiety had a more modest association with empathic concern than other types of affective empathy. Targeting affective empathy (e.g., promoting coping strategies when faced with others’ distress) in interventions for anxiety may be beneficial.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 102795"},"PeriodicalIF":10.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138467269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}