Journal of Anxiety Disorders最新文献

{"title":"The effects of intelligence on exposure to combat and posttraumatic stress disorder across multiple deployments","authors":"Tom Zalmenson ,&nbsp;Noga Yair ,&nbsp;Omer Azriel ,&nbsp;Dana Shamai-Leshem ,&nbsp;Yaron Alon ,&nbsp;Niv Tik ,&nbsp;Yoav Levinstein ,&nbsp;Ariel Ben-Yehuda ,&nbsp;Lucian Tatsa-Laur ,&nbsp;Daniel S. Pine ,&nbsp;Paul D. Bliese ,&nbsp;Ido Tavor ,&nbsp;Yair Bar-Haim","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Past work relates intelligence quotient (IQ) to risk for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among soldiers. We gathered data over multiple deployments to assess how IQ relates to the rate of symptom development both directly and through increasing the risk for traumatic combat exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male infantry soldiers from a maneuver brigade (N = 582) were followed over the 3-year period of their mandatory military service. Data were collected at 3-time-points: 1) shortly after enlistment and before deployment; 2) about 15 months into the service following one deployment, and another year later following additional deployments. IQ was measured before recruitment into the military; PTSD symptoms and combat exposure were measured at each time-point.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Lower general IQ, and in particular lower abstract reasoning capabilities, related to steeper increases in PTSD symptoms, TIME<strong>×</strong>IQ<strong>=</strong> -.05, SE= .02, t(442.79) = -3.255, p &lt; .01, controlling for the effect of pre-military traumatic experience. This relation was partly mediated by combat exposure, Effect= -.04, BootSE= .01, 95 % CI [-.06, −.02].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results identify important risk factors for PTSD that can inform approaches to PTSD mitigation in the military and other organizations. Given that this study enrolled a male sample the generalizability of the results awaits further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 102961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes and persistence in heart rate variability before and during social stress: A comparison of individuals with and without social anxiety disorder","authors":"Chloe Cheah ,&nbsp;Callan Lavery ,&nbsp;Andrew R. Johnson ,&nbsp;Patrick J.F. Clarke ,&nbsp;Matthew P. Hyett ,&nbsp;Peter M. McEvoy","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) experience significant and persistent fear of social situations as they anticipate rejection, scrutiny, and embarrassment. Given that physiological reactions to social situations may shape emotional experience in SAD, understanding psychophysiological changes operating in SAD may be important to address this potentially key perpetuating factor. This study compared the patterns of change (via contrasts of estimated marginal means) and persistence (via autoregressive models) of two indices of heart rate variability (HRV; Root Mean Square of Successive Differences between normal heartbeats, and High-Frequency absolute units) as physiological measures of emotion regulation, between individuals with SAD (n = 94) and without (n = 59) using the Trier Social Stress Test phases (TSST). Results revealed that the SAD group increased their need to regulate their emotions (peak HRV) during the preparation (i.e., anticipation) phase, particularly among women, whereas HRV peaked for the non-SAD group during the social-evaluative context. The SAD group’s increase in HRV in the preparation phase, relative to non-SAD group, was the opposite of the hypothesised effect. The non-SAD group demonstrated no significant persistence of HRV between some TSST phases, whereas the SAD group showed significant persistence across all phases, however no between-group differences were found. These findings provide novel evidence of similarities and differences in HRV between individuals with and without SAD while anticipating and encountering social-evaluative contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 102960"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Metacognitive therapy versus exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder – a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial” Journal of Anxiety Disorders (2024), Volume 104, June 2024, 102873","authors":"Cornelia Exner ,&nbsp;Alexandra Kleiman ,&nbsp;Anke Haberkamp ,&nbsp;Jana Hansmeier ,&nbsp;Christopher Milde ,&nbsp;Julia Anna Glombiewski","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102946","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive avoidance bias towards uncertain faces in non-clinical social anxiety individuals","authors":"Yining Kou ,&nbsp;Huili Xing ,&nbsp;Ronglian Zheng ,&nbsp;Yihan Wu ,&nbsp;Shuqing Feng ,&nbsp;Feng Zou ,&nbsp;Meng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous survey studies have consistently shown a strong link between social anxiety and intolerance for uncertainty. However, this association lacks empirical validation from laboratory investigations. To bridge this gap, we conducted a study utilizing the ultimatum game task to assign distinct social connotations (egoistic, altruistic, and uncertain) to three initially neutral faces. Subsequently, we utilized the Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT) paradigm to evaluate participants' approach-avoidance tendencies towards the faces with varying social meanings. Additionally, we collected data on participants' levels of social anxiety and trait anxiety. Our results indicate that both social anxiety and trait anxiety levels impact individuals' avoidance behaviors when faced with socially uncertain cues. This suggests that individuals with higher levels of social anxiety may demonstrate increased sensitivity to uncertainty in social contexts, leading to avoidance behaviors. Crucially, our findings directly underscore the heightened avoidance tendencies of non-clinical individuals with social anxiety towards socially uncertain stimuli, thereby providing new empirical support for research on anxiety disorders related to uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative emotion differentiation buffers against intergenerational risk for social anxiety in at-risk adolescent girls","authors":"T. H. Stanley Seah ,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Silk ,&nbsp;Erika E. Forbes ,&nbsp;Cecile D. Ladouceur","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social anxiety disorder (SAD) tends to emerge during adolescence and is more prevalent among those assigned female at birth. Parental social anxiety confers risk for adolescent SAD but less is known regarding protective factors. Research suggests that emotion differentiation (the ability to discriminate between similarly valenced emotions, e.g., fear vs. sadness vs. anger) may be protective, as it is associated with adaptive psychosocial outcomes. However, little work has examined how emotion differentiation influences the development of SAD, particularly during periods of higher risk such as adolescence. In a longitudinal study of adolescent girls at high temperamental risk for SAD (aged 11–14-years; <em>n</em>=114), we tested whether emotion differentiation (derived using negative and positive emotion ratings from 16-day ecological momentary assessments at baseline) moderated the relationship between parental and adolescent social anxiety symptoms across two years. Results revealed significant moderation by negative (but not positive) emotion differentiation (<em>p</em>=.042): Baseline parental social anxiety was positively associated with adolescent social anxiety symptoms at two-year follow-up but only at lower (vs. higher) levels of emotion differentiation, even after controlling for baseline depressive symptoms. Exploratory analyses showed that these effects were unique to avoidance of social situations (<em>p</em>=.014). Findings highlight the protective effects of emotion differentiation and have important clinical implications for understanding and treating SAD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102942"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of serum BDNF levels and childhood adversity in predicting earlier-onset post-traumatic stress disorder: A two-year longitudinal study","authors":"Jae-Min Kim ,&nbsp;Hee-Ju Kang ,&nbsp;Ju-Wan Kim ,&nbsp;Ju-Yeon Lee ,&nbsp;Hyunseok Jang ,&nbsp;Jung-Chul Kim ,&nbsp;Sung-Wan Kim ,&nbsp;Il-Seon Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This longitudinal study explored the intricate relationships between serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (sBDNF) levels, exposure to childhood adversities, and the subsequent development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), distinguishing between earlier- and delayed-onset forms over a two-year follow-up period in individuals sustaining physical injuries. We recruited patients presenting with moderate to severe physical injuries at a trauma center, conducting baseline assessments of sBDNF levels and childhood adversities through the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) questionnaire. Additionally, detailed socio-demographic and clinical data were compiled. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 was employed to diagnose PTSD at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-injury. Binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses were applied to elucidate the interactions between sBDNF levels, childhood adversities, and PTSD onset patterns. Among 895 participants, PTSD was diagnosed in 107 individuals (11.9 %), with 76 (8.4 %) exhibiting symptoms indicative of earlier-onset PTSD and 31 (3.5 %) demonstrating delayed-onset PTSD. Significantly, lower sBDNF levels were associated with a higher risk of earlier-onset PTSD specifically in the context of childhood adversities. This association was not observed in individuals without childhood adversities or in those with delayed-onset PTSD. The findings suggest a complex and critical interplay between neurobiological factors, specifically sBDNF levels, and early life adversities in influencing the timing of PTSD onset, potentially deepening the understanding of PTSD etiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensive treatments for children and adolescents with anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Colin O.W. Ganzevoort ,&nbsp;Lidewij H. Wolters ,&nbsp;Rianne Hornstra ,&nbsp;Caitlin M. Grieve ,&nbsp;Davíð R.M.A. Højgaard ,&nbsp;Gudmundur A. Skarphedinsson ,&nbsp;Bernhard Weidle ,&nbsp;Polly Waite ,&nbsp;Lizél-Antoinette Bertie ,&nbsp;Mark Tomlinson ,&nbsp;Maaike H. Nauta","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders have a significant negative impact on youth. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended and established as effective first-step treatment, but persistent symptoms and non-response are common. Intensive psychological treatments deliver more or longer sessions over a shorter time span, with fewer session gaps. However, an understanding of their effectiveness, characteristics, acceptability, and feasibility is lacking. Systematically searching five databases yielded four controlled and 36 uncontrolled studies (<em>N</em>=2707) involving youth with primary anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders, many of whom received prior treatments. Intensive treatments were acceptable and feasible, with low drop-out rates. Between-group analyses compared intensive treatment with standard treatment (<em>k =</em> 2) or waitlist (<em>k =</em> 2), revealing no significant post-treatment differences in symptom severity or remission. Uncontrolled within-group analyses of intensive treatments showed large improvements from pre- to post-treatment in symptoms (<em>k</em> = 47), remission (<em>k</em> = 17), impairment (<em>k</em> = 22), functioning (<em>k</em> = 5), and quality of life (<em>k</em> = 2), with larger effects at follow-ups. Intensive treatments show promise for youth with anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders by potentially offering high treatment completion rates and comparable outcomes to standard CBT, aiding earlier recovery and reducing overall suffering. This systematic review/meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of intensive treatments, their theoretical considerations, and empirical findings. Future RCTs should compare the effectiveness of standard and intensive treatments and identify optimal populations for their use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102940"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily stress and emotions in relation to fear of negative and positive evaluation","authors":"Julia Reichenberger,&nbsp;Ann-Kathrin Arend,&nbsp;Jens Blechert","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fear of negative (FNE) and positive (FPE) evaluation constitute distinct components of social anxiety and relate to altered affectivity. It is unclear whether individuals with strong FNE/FPE overreact to social stressors only or to more unspecific ones as well. The present set of three studies (<em>n</em> = 109 and <em>n</em> = 97 healthy individuals in study 1/2, <em>n</em> = 49 patients with social anxiety disorder in study 3) assessed whether reactivity to various daily stressors and non-specific momentary stress/emotions assessed through ecological momentary assessment depend on individuals’ level of FPE/FNE. Almost all relationships with FPE/FNE were explained by depressive symptoms, except for a unique association of FNE with reactivity to stressors from the distant social network. Relationships of FNE with momentary global stress and emotions were mixed, but again explained by depressive symptoms. More depressive symptoms were associated with higher stress, negative affect, and most stressor types as well as lower positive affect in all studies. These results show that for social stressors from the distant social network, FNE has explanatory power. They further document the role of depressive affect for reactivity to a wide range of everyday stressors and question the need for specific instruments assessing FPE/FNE unless stressors are explicitly social-evaluative in nature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102932"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear of positive evaluation and social affiliation in social anxiety disorder and major depression","authors":"Madeleine Rassaby ,&nbsp;Isabella G. Spaulding ,&nbsp;Charles T. Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fear of positive evaluation (FPE) is posited as a core feature of social anxiety disorder (SAD); however, little is known about its role in interpersonal functioning. We examined relationships between FPE and responses to a standardized social affiliation paradigm designed to facilitate positive social connection with an unacquainted conversation partner (trained confederate). The sample included adults with SAD (<em>N</em> = 52), major depressive disorder (MDD; <em>N</em> = 23), comorbid SAD and MDD (<em>N</em> = 36), and non-psychiatric controls (<em>N</em> = 33). Participants completed measures assessing FPE, affect, safety behaviors, and desire for future interaction. Confederates and observers rated participant behavior and their own desire for future interaction. FPE was most elevated in the SAD and comorbid groups, followed by the MDD group, and then non-psychiatric controls. In the full sample, FPE was associated with greater self-reported anxiety and safety behavior use, lower self-reported positive affect and desire for future interaction, lower observer-rated desire for future interaction and approach behaviors, and greater observer-rated anxious behaviors. Within-group correlations revealed that associations were weaker in the SAD only and comorbid groups (cf. control and MDD only groups); however, post-hoc moderation analyses indicated that the relationships between FPE and the outcomes of interest largely held across varying levels of social anxiety and depression severity. Findings underscore the potential role of FPE as a transdiagnostic factor relevant to understanding interpersonal functioning in social anxiety and depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102931"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A within-person test of the metacognitive model: Daily dynamics between metacognitive beliefs, metacognitive strategies, and negative affect","authors":"Julia B. Cano-López ,&nbsp;Frederick Anyan ,&nbsp;Esperanza García-Sancho ,&nbsp;Henrik Nordahl ,&nbsp;José M. Salguero","doi":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The metacognitive model of psychological disorders highlights that emotional distress is maintained by metacognitive strategies, which are related to underlying metacognitive beliefs. Considerable empirical evidence has supported the role of metacognitions in psychopathology, but few studies have examined the suggested links between metacognitive beliefs, metacognitive strategies, and symptoms within individuals. Within-person effects provide better empirical tests of theory-based hypotheses derived from clinical models as they relate to change at the individual level. Thus, the current study sought to test central predictions from the metacognitive model at the within-person level using Dynamic Structural Equation Modelling (DSEM). A sample of 222 participants gathered at convenience participated in a 26-day long assessment period where they reported daily measures of metacognitive beliefs, metacognitive strategies, and negative affect. Temporal precedence and bidirectional relations between the variables, and the possible day-to-day and within days mediation role of metacognitive strategies between metacognitive beliefs and negative affect, were tested. When controlling for previous days effects, metacognitions and negative affect (but not metacognitive strategies) predicted each other the next day, showing a reciprocal relationship. However, metacognitive strategies were significant mediators between metacognitions and negative affect within days and day-to-day. Implications and future directions based on these findings are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48390,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anxiety Disorders","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 102930"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887618524001063/pdfft?md5=d41eead5260fca5ff1944b59eee6cc4d&pid=1-s2.0-S0887618524001063-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}