Lucia Bellora-Bienengräber , Klaus Derfuss , Jan Endrikat
{"title":"Taking stock of research on the levers of control with meta-analytic methods: Stylized facts and boundary conditions","authors":"Lucia Bellora-Bienengräber , Klaus Derfuss , Jan Endrikat","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In levers of control (LoC) research, empirical and conceptual ambiguities have hampered the establishment of a coherent body of knowledge. Mixed findings, variability in the approaches to account for the levers’ combined use, and variability in conceptual choices (e.g., the conceptualization of interactive and diagnostic control) have caused this unsatisfactory state. In response, we validate and extend theory on the LoC framework by meta-analytically synthesizing quantitative evidence from 58 independent samples and 10,374 observations. We develop two models of the combined use of the levers, which portray their simultaneous use and mutual relationships, and relate them to capabilities and performance. For theory validation, we uncover stylized facts that demonstrate that organizations use the four levers in combination, not in isolation. Moreover, following the logic of the resource-based view, the levers are related to performance via capabilities. These relationships are robust to moderating influences of the dimensions and conceptualization of interactive control and managers’ hierarchical level. For theory extension, we systematically uncover the need to complement the resource-based view with other theories and offer related suggestions. Our moderator analyses identify boundary conditions that limit the generalizability of the LoC framework. For example, surprisingly, the conceptualization of diagnostic control emerges as a boundary condition. On a general level, our findings might serve as an inspiration for better appreciating future survey-based knowledge creation in management control research and also provide researchers from other disciplines with a more comprehensive understanding of the enhancement of capabilities and performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 101414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47109152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Narcissism in the workforce: How employees respond to contract frame","authors":"Theresa Libby , Wioleta Olczak","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Narcissism in the general population has risen over time; thus, it is likely that firms will hire a greater proportion of more narcissistic employees into their ranks. In two experiments, we examine whether and how narcissism impacts employees’ contract preferences and performance depending on the contract frame. When contracts are assigned, more narcissistic employees perform worse than less narcissistic employees under a penalty-framed contract and no different from less narcissistic employees under a bonus-framed contract. When employees have contract choice, more narcissistic employees prefer bonus-framed contracts over penalty-framed contracts while less narcissistic employees are relatively indifferent between them. Even so, this preference does not appear to impact performance as more narcissistic employees continue to perform worse than less narcissistic employees under a penalty-framed contract and no different from less narcissistic employees under a bonus-framed contract in our condition with contract choice. Therefore, narcissism is an important individual characteristic to consider when designing incentive contracts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 101415"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45495014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brant Christensen , Lijun (Gillian) Lei , Sydney Qing Shu , Wayne Thomas
{"title":"Does audit regulation improve the underlying information used by managers? Evidence from PCAOB inspection access and management forecast accuracy","authors":"Brant Christensen , Lijun (Gillian) Lei , Sydney Qing Shu , Wayne Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2022.101403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Survey evidence and academic research raise the possibility that audit regulation can impact not only the information contained in external financial reports but also the internal information used by management. We investigate this possibility by examining the improvement in management forecast accuracy around initiation of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board's (PCAOB) international inspection program. Consistent with managers having improved information, we find that managers issue more accurate forecasts following PCAOB inspection access. Multiple additional analyses support that an improved information environment is the mechanism underlying our results, and this effect is distinct from, and incremental to, any effects of PCAOB inspection on external reporting quality. Our study provides evidence that audit regulation benefits an important <em>internal</em> stakeholder—managers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 101403"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50191963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"He, him, his: Masculine language in professional guidance and assessed equity and inclusion of women and LGBTQ+ people in the profession","authors":"Marietta Peytcheva","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2022.101413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three experiments examine how the use of masculine language in professional guidance affects assessments of the equity and inclusion of historically marginalized gender and sexual orientation groups in the accounting profession. Experiment 1 manipulates the pronouns used in auditing standards as masculine vs. gender-inclusive, and finds that masculine pronouns reduce accounting professionals' assessed equity and inclusion of women and LGBTQ+ people in the audit profession. Participant gender also has an effect, with women making lower overall equity and inclusion assessments. In Experiment 2, college students read a neutral-language accounting job ad as well as professional guidance that uses masculine vs. gender-inclusive pronouns, and assess the accounting profession's equity and inclusion of women and LGBTQ+ people. Masculine pronouns reduce students' equity and inclusion assessments, and this effect is stronger for women and LGBTQ+ participants. In Experiment 3, LGBTQ+ and non-LGBTQ+ U.S. residents assess the equity and inclusion of LGBTQ+ people in accounting. Pronouns have a stronger effect on LGBTQ+ than non-LGBTQ+ participants. Further, for LGBTQ+ participants, the effect of pronouns is not conditioned on participant gender; however, pronouns affect non-LGBTQ+ women's, but not non-LGBTQ+ men's, assessments of LGBTQ+ equity and inclusion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 101413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50191931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephen Kuselias , Christopher P. Agoglia , Elaine Ying Wang
{"title":"The effect of team member proximity and assignment length on audit staff reliance on a supervisor's preferences","authors":"Stephen Kuselias , Christopher P. Agoglia , Elaine Ying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With advances in technology (e.g., secure cloud storage and video conferencing), audit firms have increasingly been using geographically distributed auditors to staff engagements to improve resource utilization. However, such benefits may come at a cost if geographically distributed teams underperform co-located teams. To explore factors that could influence the relative effectiveness of distributed and co-located teams, we conduct an experiment to examine how team member proximity (distributed versus co-located) and assignment length (temporary versus continuing) jointly affect auditor judgment when subordinate auditors are given client-favorable guidance from their supervisor. Relying on the impression management and persuasion literatures, we predict and find that distributed auditors are less influenced by their supervisor's directional preferences than co-located auditors when they are on temporary assignment. As such, despite concerns about the effectiveness of distributed teams, we identify a setting in which it can be beneficial to utilize distributed auditors over co-located auditors. However, we also predict and find that distributed auditors tend to react more like co-located auditors when on continuing assignment. Further, we find that while distributed auditors on continuing assignment are more influenced by their supervisor's directional guidance than distributed auditors on temporary assignment, the opposite is true of co-located auditors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 101391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47956223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shannon Garavaglia, Ben W. Van Landuyt, Brian J. White, Julie Irwin
{"title":"The ESG stopping effect: Do investor reactions differ across the lifespan of ESG initiatives?","authors":"Shannon Garavaglia, Ben W. Van Landuyt, Brian J. White, Julie Irwin","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2023.101441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2023.101441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135755205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"You have been forewarned! The effects of risk management disclosures and disclosure tone on investors’ judgments","authors":"Hun-Tong Tan , Feng Yeo","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2022.101400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We examine the effect of providing risk management disclosures alongside risk disclosures on investors' stock valuation judgments, and how risk disclosure tone influences this effect. In practice, risk management disclosures are mandated in some settings but not others although conceptually, disclosing both the risk and how it is managed offer investors the most holistic understanding of firm risk. We find that without risk materialization, risk management disclosures have a positive effect on judgments when the risk disclosure tone is positive. Also, investors provide lower (higher) stock valuations when a positive versus negative tone is used in the absence (presence) of risk management disclosures. However, with the negative news of risk materialization, risk management disclosures and tone no longer have an effect on investors’ judgments. Our findings have implications for managers and regulators, as investors may penalize firms that provide risk disclosures, even if these risks have been properly managed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 101400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50183509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of systems of management controls on honesty in managerial reporting","authors":"Aishwarrya Deore , Susanna Gallani , Ranjani Krishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While budgetary controls with capital rationing are theoretically optimal and widespread in practice, empirical research documents their association with higher employee dishonesty compared to budgetary controls without rationing. In this study, we examine whether combining budgetary controls with mission statements in a system of management controls decreases employee dishonesty. We predict that the system's effect on dishonesty depends on the interaction of the social norms conveyed by each control instrument within the system. We study two types of budgetary controls that differ in whether they include budget rationing and two types of mission statements that differ in whether they emphasize integrity or financial values. We provide experimental evidence that mission statements reduce employee dishonesty more if combined with budget rationing controls than non-rationing budgetary controls. This effect is enhanced when the mission statement conveys a norm of integrity, as opposed to a norm of financial performance. Our results suggest that mission statements can mitigate the downsides of budget rationing, but this effect is less pronounced when the norms conveyed by each instrument are redundant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 101401"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42860994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The assetization of baseball players: Instrumentalizing promise with signing bonuses and human capital contracts","authors":"Pier-Luc Nappert, Maude Plante","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The idea that humans can be assets because their skills and work are resources that create value has been at the core of a long-standing concern among accounting scholars. This paper explores how minor league baseball players experience being considered assets and how they decide to partake in their assetization. Drawing on a range of data sources–59 interviews, archival material, and work experience–this study offers a voice to the assetized subject, and highlights that being an asset is a desired status. Assetization is a value-enhancing experience that depends on the adherence to a promise. Our results also show that financial instruments such as human capital contracts can be promissory mechanisms allowing assetized subjects to enhance their human capital value and assume the dual role of investee-investor, which further conditions an enactment of the entrepreneur of the self.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 101402"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49065932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan C. Hennig , Carolin Ahrens , Jana Oehmichen , Michael Wolff
{"title":"Employee stock ownership and firm exit decisions: A cross-country analysis of rank-and-file employees","authors":"Jan C. Hennig , Carolin Ahrens , Jana Oehmichen , Michael Wolff","doi":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aos.2022.101390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While multinational firms invest large amounts of money in employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) to reduce turnover, there is little evidence regarding ESOPs' effectiveness in retaining rank-and-file employees and none on a global scale. Building on psychological ownership (PO) arguments, we predict that a rank-and-file employee's ESOP participation will be negatively associated with a firm exit decision and that this effect will be stronger in contextual settings that are more conducive to turnover. For our analysis, we used internal data from a large multinational firm covering 190,453 rank-and-file employees and approximately 650,000 employee years. We find that ESOP participation is associated with a lower likelihood of individual firm exit decisions. We also find this effect to be more pronounced in countries with favorable labor market conditions and lower uncertainty avoidance (UA). Additional tests support our argument that PO arising from ESOP participation is particularly important for rank-and-file employees, who often only invest small amounts. Overall, our study provides cross-country evidence regarding the retention effect of ESOP participation for rank-and-file employees.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48379,"journal":{"name":"Accounting Organizations and Society","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 101390"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42865993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}