Maternal and Child Health Journal最新文献

{"title":"What Do Mothers Know About Nutrition? Impacts on Childhood Nutrition Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale, Godness Kye Biney, Michael Sarfo, Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Sanni Yaya","doi":"10.1007/s10995-025-04052-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10995-025-04052-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Globally, the prevalence of undernutrition is highest in the sub-Saharan African region with over a third of the world's stunted children residing in this region. Many studies have explored child nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa, but they often overlook the intricate nuances of maternal knowledge. We examined the association between maternal nutritional knowledge and childhood nutritional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a secondary analysis utilizing data from the Demographic and Health Survey of eight sub-Saharan African countries that were conducted between 2019 and 2022, focusing on children aged 6 to 23 months. The study used latent class analysis to identify discrete patterns of nutrition and health-related knowledge and mixed-effects logistic regression to assess their association with childhood nutritional outcomes namely, stunting and wasting. Statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants knew the importance of colostrum (76.8%) and continued breastfeeding (76.7%), as well as immunization (60.0%) and diarrhoea prevention and treatment strategies (65.1%). However, only 24.49% knew about family planning. Children of high knowledge group/class had a 17% lower risk of childhood stunting (crude model; COR = 0.83; 95%CI: 0.77, 0.90, adjusted model; AOR = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.82, 0.97) and a 22% lower risk of wasting (COR = 0.78; 95%CI: 0.69, 0.89, adjusted model; AOR = 0.84; 95%CI: 0.73, 0.96) compared to those from the low knowledge group/class.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the pivotal role of maternal knowledge in shaping children's health outcomes and emphasize the urgent need for targeted interventions and comprehensive maternal education programs to address the identified knowledge gaps and improve child health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":"349-360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiles of Family Stressors Among Low-Income Families with Young Children.","authors":"Laura M Justice, Britt Singletary, Hui Jiang, Kammi K Schmeer","doi":"10.1007/s10995-025-04061-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-025-04061-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined profiles of family stressors, based on the five dimensions of the Family Stress Model (economic hardship, economic pressure, parental psychological distress, interparental relationship problems, and disrupted parenting) among low-income families with young children. We aimed to validate the model with a sample of low-income families and then to determine whether there were reliable profiles of families on the five dimensions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mothers completed questionnaires when children were between six and 15 months old to capture background information and 14 key indicators of the five Family Stress Model dimensions. Our analytical sample comprised 353 families that provided data for at least one key indicator. We conducted confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to statistically validate the Family Stress Model, then explored distinct profiles using latent profile analyses (LPA), and examined how profile membership correlated with family characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CFA model fit indices indicated a good fit of the data relative to the theoretical model. LPA revealed three distinct profiles of stressor among families, consistent with low, medium, and high patterns of stressors. Families in the high-stress profile experienced larger household numbers, higher maternal loneliness, reduced social connectedness, and higher reports of unplanned pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions for practice: </strong>Findings show applicability of the Family Stress Model to low-income families with young children, and indicate that these families are diverse in terms of the stressors they experience, characterized by three distinct profiles. In this regard, low-income families should not be viewed monolithically, but rather as experiencing variability in the stressors they face.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adequate Prenatal Care and Maternal Morbidity Among Birthing People with Preexisting Comorbidities.","authors":"Laura Chaves Cerdas","doi":"10.1007/s10995-025-04069-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-025-04069-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Preexisting comorbidities can make the pregnancy experience difficult. Prenatal care has been suggested as a mechanism to identify and control preexisting conditions and prevent adverse maternal outcomes. Maternal morbidity encompasses health conditions attributed to and/or aggravated by pregnancy and childbirth that negatively impact the birthing person's well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using North Carolina's birth records for 2011-2019, this analysis employs multivariate logistic regression to examine whether adequate prenatal care reduces the likelihood of maternal morbidity outcomes. The analysis examines both the overall birthing population (n = 1,020,639) and the birthing population with preexisting diabetes and/or hypertension (n = 29,230).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Having inadequate prenatal care increases the probability of experiencing maternal morbidity outcomes by 7.2% (OR = 1.072, 95%CI:1.01-1.13) compared to having adequate prenatal care. The effect is more pronounced among individuals with preexisting diabetes and/or hypertension, where having inadequate prenatal care increases the probability of maternal morbidity outcomes by 45.6% (OR = 1.456, 95% CI: 1.03-2.07) compared to those with adequate prenatal care.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results suggest that adequate prenatal care may help prevent maternal morbidity outcomes across the birthing population, with particularly strong protective effects for those with preexisting conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Hospital Care of Newborn Infants with Trisomy 13.","authors":"Allison O Ignatz-Hoover, Mohsen A A Farghaly, Anna Crist, Alshimaa Abdalla, Hany Aly, Mohamed A Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s10995-025-04072-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-025-04072-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the changes over recent years in neonatal survival to discharge, prevalence of adverse events, surgical procedures, tracheostomy and/or gastrostomy tube (G-tube) placement, and length of stay (LOS) in infants with Trisomy 13.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified newborn infants with Trisomy 13 in the National Inpatient Sample in the years 2003-2018. We calculated prevalence of associated conditions. We examined procedures done, and common adverse events associated with each condition, survival rates, and LOS. We also calculated changes in trends over the years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified 5792 newborn infants with Trisomy 13. Mortality during neonatal period was 58%. There was no significant change in mortality trends over the years, (p < 0.001). Average LOS was 10 (+ 34) days which had significantly increased over recent years (p < 0.001) and it was highest in conditions of NEC followed by gastrointestinal anomalies and sepsis. Among survivors, 2% were discharged with tracheostomy and 9% with G-tubes. LOS was significantly increased in association with these procedures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a slight decrease in infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units with Trisomy 13 over recent years. In-hospital neonatal mortality was unchanged. However, there was a significant increase in LOS, which was increased with procedures such as tracheostomy and G-tube placement, which may reflect a trend toward increasing interventions without a corresponding improvement in mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Prescription Practices for Antenatal Steroids in Pregnant Women.","authors":"Antalya Jano, Caroline Madigan, Paris Ekeke","doi":"10.1007/s10995-025-04070-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10995-025-04070-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The significant racial disparity in adverse birth outcomes is unexplained by individual-level stressors. This implores us to explore modifiable prenatal care delivery characteristics. Our objective was to evaluate if racial disparities in infant respiratory outcomes were explained by inequitable exposure to antenatal steroids.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included women who delivered infants between 23 and 34 weeks gestation in Level 3 NICU between January 2017 and December 2020. Prenatal and postnatal variables, including exposure to antenatal steroids, were collected. A community need index was assigned designating level of neighborhood deprivation. Chi squared and t tests were performed to look for racial differences in prenatal and delivery characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no racial differences in steroid administration with 89.9% of eligible Black women and 89.8% of eligible White women completing an antenatal steroid course. Despite no differences in maternal risk factors such as diabetes, pre-eclampsia, prenatal care utilization and PPROM, Black infants were more likely to require intubation (p = 0.04), oxygen (p = 0.001), and surfactant (p = 0.008) in the delivery room compared to White infants. Compared to the lower community need groups exposed to ANS, the high need group had higher rates of chorioamnionitis and were more likely to be on Medicaid and Black race. Despite this, there were no differences in infant respiratory outcomes by community need group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the shift in focus to include the interaction between individuals and their community exposures, the racial disparity in birth outcomes persists. Attention should be paid to other modifiable elements of a mother's prenatal experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State-Level Spending on Children Associated with Unequal Benefits to School Readiness.","authors":"Taryn W Morrissey, Katherine Engel, Margot I Jackson","doi":"10.1007/s10995-025-04068-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-025-04068-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine associations between state-level public investments in programming for children and parents' reports of their children's kindergarten readiness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We use regression approaches with publicly available, nationally representative data to examine how time and state variation in public spending on children relates to parents' concerns about children's development. We link data on annual state-level spending on health and early learning from the Urban Institute's State-by-State Spending on Kids Dataset and the National Institute for Early Education Research to child-level data from the 2003/2004, 2007/2008, and 2011/2012 waves of the National Survey of Children's Health (NCHS), focusing on a subsample of parents with one or more children under age six (N = 56,736).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Child-related public spending on both health and early education is associated with decreases in parents' concerns about their children's physical health and motor development. A 15% increase in average health spending and early education spending per child per year is associated with a reduction in parents' concerns about children's health and motor development of about 3% and 2% of a standard deviation (SD), respectively. Associations between spending and concerns about early learning and social-emotional development are negative but not significant. Among socioeconomically disadvantaged or racial and ethnic minority parents, spending is associated with smaller reductions in concerns.</p><p><strong>Conclusions for practice: </strong>Public spending on children is associated with fewer parents' concerns about their children's development, but less so among disadvantaged families. It is possible that public spending levels are not adequate to narrow disparities in early opportunity and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Stress and Early Postpartum Depressive Symptoms in Women with Recent GDM: Implications for Postpartum Lifestyle Programs.","authors":"Jennifer M Dias, Estelle C Kelty, Jacinda M Nicklas, John T Doucette, Sue E Levkoff, Ellen W Seely","doi":"10.1007/s10995-025-04045-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-025-04045-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To inform the development and adaptation of lifestyle programs to prevent type 2 diabetes, we sought to identify factors associated with depressive symptoms in the early postpartum period among women with recent gestational diabetes (GDM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants are from the Balance after Baby Intervention (BABI) study, a two-year randomized clinical trial of a lifestyle program for women with recent GDM conducted in Boston, MA, and Denver, CO between 2016 and 2019. The Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) were administered at an average of 8-weeks postpartum. We defined an EPDS score of ≥ 9 as depressive symptoms and reviewed medical records for medical history. We conducted bivariate analyses to identify predictors of postpartum depressive symptoms, then modeled the odds of postpartum depressive symptoms using multivariable logistic regression and selected the best fit model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis included 181 women. Thirty-five (19%) scored ≥ 9 on the EPDS. While both perceived stress and whether this was the first pregnancy complicated by GDM were significant in the bivariate analysis, only perceived stress remained a significant predictor of postpartum depressive symptoms in the multivariate regression model (OR 4.34, 95% CI [2.58-7.31]). The effect of first GDM pregnancy was no longer significant in the multivariate model (OR 2.00, 95% CI [0.63-6.33]). Additionally, a mediation model determined that perceived stress fully mediated the effect of first GDM pregnancy on depressive symptoms (Effect ratio, 0.5507/1.5377 = 0.358, p = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusions for practice: </strong>Perceived stress was predictive of postpartum depressive symptoms in women with recent GDM and was found to mediate the relationship between first pregnancy complicated by GDM and postpartum depressive symptoms. Addressing perceived stress in the early postpartum period may be an important target for future lifestyle programs to maximize diabetes prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Childbirth Experience Survey (CBEX): An Analysis of Qualitative Survey data.","authors":"Samia Saeb, Lisa M Korst, Ferina Farahnik, Jeanette McCulloch, Naomi Greene, Moshe Fridman, Kimberly D Gregory","doi":"10.1007/s10995-025-04043-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-025-04043-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In collaboration with community research partners, a national cross-sectional online Childbirth Experience Survey (CBEX) of pregnant and postpartum birthing people was administered in 2016. The linked antepartum-postpartum survey included items across 18 domains (e.g., labor management, pain management, newborn care and feeding), and identified 23 childbirth-specific postpartum patient-reported outcomes (PROs) that were associated with hospital satisfaction. CBEX was implemented in 16 California hospitals to identify hospital-specific opportunities for improvement in care. We analyzed postpartum qualitative survey responses (1) to evaluate the content validity to test the representativeness of existing CBEX domains, (2) to assess for any potential new domains or topics of interest within existing domains, and (3) to use these data to provide hospitals with actionable information for practice improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an analysis of qualitative survey data based on the following CBEX item: \"Is there anything else you would like to share about your birth experience?\" Patients could provide multiple comments. Using Atlas.ti Version 8, we mapped participant responses to the 18 existing CBEX domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 525 surveys completed between Oct 2018 and Sept 2020, 172 patients responded to the qualitative item. A total of 235 comments were analyzed and all were able to be mapped to the 18 domains. Qualitative responses highlighted subtleties within several CBEX domains: (1) labor management: pressure from the care team to have a labor induction; (2) pain management: epidural effectiveness, timing, dosage, and education; (3) empathy and respect: issues related to students and residents; and (4) newborn feeding: rough physical handling of patients by nurses, specifically during lactation consults.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>CBEX survey data is currently being utilized in hospitals to inform childbirth-specific quality improvement initiatives. By capturing detailed voluntary participant responses, CBEX provides the opportunity to document and explore nuanced aspects of the childbirth experience and subtleties that may be contributing to maternal dissatisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pregnancy, Birth Experiences, and Mental Health: Voices from Women in Puerto Rico.","authors":"Irene Lafarga Previdi, Carmen Vélez Vega, Nobel Hernández Otero, Ana Guzzi Vasques, Génesis Alvelo Colón, Ishwara Ayala, Natacha Guilloty, Jessica Medina, Marialane Cancel, Sofía Contreras, José Cordero, Akram Alshawabkeh","doi":"10.1007/s10995-024-04026-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10995-024-04026-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The specific aims of the project are: (1) Examine the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy experiences and outcomes; (2) Examine the mental health impact of COVID-19 in pregnant women and mothers of children 12 months or younger; (3) Identify risk and protective factors among this population in Puerto Rico.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were recruited from the Puerto Rico Team for Exploring Contamination Threats (PROTECT) Superfund Program, which is composed of pregnant women and mothers from the northern karst region of Puerto Rico. The research had a mixed methods approach with a quantitative survey (n = 184) and qualitative interviews (n = 10); data collection was done in virtual mode.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings from the qualitative interviews highlight the experiences regarding access to healthcare services, pregnancy and birth experiences, social support, and mental health during the pandemic among women with young children. These narratives serve to illustrate the particular challenges and opportunities that the participants faced during the year 2021 in regard to maternal health in Puerto Rico.</p><p><strong>Conclusions for practice: </strong>COVID-19 restrictions impacted the experiences in receiving healthcare services, particularly regarding the birthing process and the participants' mental health. Social support, particularly from family, was found to be a protective factor for facing the challenges during pandemic times. We expect that the findings can lead to the development of interventions for community health centers, prenatal clinics, non-governmental organizations, and parents/caretakers in Puerto Rico.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Decision Support Tool for Baby Formula Prescription.","authors":"Leonara Carla de Araújo Pereira, Gabrielle Mahara Martins Azevêdo Castro, Anna Cecília Queiroz de Medeiros","doi":"10.1007/s10995-024-04036-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10995-024-04036-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although there are acceptable medical reasons for the use of food supplements, most prescriptions for newborns do not comply with current recommendations, putting continued breastfeeding at risk. This study aimed to create and validate a flowchart for newborn supplement prescription.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The flowchart was created and submitted to two rounds of assessments by a panel of judges, who calculated the content validity index (CVI) (acceptable > 0.80). Flowchart use in clinical practice (applicability) was validated by professional prescribers through the resolution of 3 clinical cases. Data were analyzed using Pearson`s chi-squared test (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The flowchart was assessed by 17 judges and validated regarding its content (CVI = 0.84). Took part in validating the applicability of this study 169 doctors and nutritionists who work in maternal and child health. There was a statistical association between correct case resolution and flowchart utilization in two of the three clinical cases (p < 0.05). In situation 1, the use of a validated flowchart increased the likelihood of correct answers 7.76 times.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Prescribing baby formula is complex and requires careful assessment of several factors. Thus, knowledge translation is an effective intervention to eliminate the gaps between knowledge and clinical practice. The validated flowchart allows more assertive conduct regarding breastfeeding management and food supplement prescription for newborns.</p>","PeriodicalId":48367,"journal":{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":"249-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}