Suzanne G. Alexandre, Katherine Szocik, Prachi Ghildyal, Yaoying Xu
{"title":"A Systematic Syllabi Review on Interdisciplinary Personnel Preparation Programs","authors":"Suzanne G. Alexandre, Katherine Szocik, Prachi Ghildyal, Yaoying Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02862-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02862-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The purpose of this study was to develop an effective evaluation tool to review course syllabi as a method for ensuring effective outcomes for interdisciplinary personnel preparation. A well-written course syllabus reflects the quality of the academic program in which the coursework is a part. A review of the syllabi across interdisciplinary programs is an attempt to align the quality of the courses and the graduate student competencies as set forth by each program. A syllabus evaluation form was developed and used systematically by three reviewers who gave each syllabus in the program a rating based on the three project target competencies and the listed indicators. For this project, three common components of syllabi were reviewed: learning outcomes, readings, and assignments. The findings suggest that a systematic syllabi review can be used to determine individual course alignment and for overall program evaluation. Findings also suggest that a syllabi evaluation form can be an effective tool to use in systematic syllabi reviews.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141172241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Childhood Trajectories of Paternal and Maternal Psychological Distress and Decision-making in Early Adolescence","authors":"Maria Sifaki, Eirini Flouri, Emily Midouhas","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02854-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02854-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Decision-making is important for adolescent wellbeing, and predictive of several other outcomes. While past research demonstrates the role of maternal psychological distress in adolescent decision-making, the role of paternal psychological distress remains relatively unexplored. This study examined the association between trajectories of paternal and maternal psychological distress, jointly modelled, in childhood and child decision-making in early adolescence. Using data from 9846 families of the Millennium Cohort Study, we identified paternal and maternal psychological distress trajectories across child ages 3–11 using joint group-based trajectory modelling and explored their associations with offspring decision-making at age 11 with multiple linear regression models. Paternal and maternal psychological distress was measured with the Kessler-6 scale, while adolescent decision-making was assessed using the Cambridge Gambling Task. We identified 2 trajectories for fathers (‘low distress’ and ‘moderate-increasing distress’) and 4 for mothers (‘minimal distress’, ‘low distress’, ‘moderate-increasing distress’ and ‘severe distress’). When jointly modelled, paternal and maternal trajectories predicted decision-making in fully adjusted models. Compared to the ‘low distress’ paternal trajectory, the ‘moderate-increasing distress’ paternal trajectory was associated with less delay aversion, although this effect disappeared when examining only two-parent biological families. Compared to the ‘minimal distress’ maternal trajectory, the ‘moderate-increasing distress’ trajectory predicted slower deliberation time, whereas the ‘severe distress’ trajectory predicted greater risk-taking. There were no gender differences in these paths. Consistently moderate and high levels of maternal distress during childhood are associated with increased decision latency and greater risk-taking, respectively, in early adolescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141061541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleminew A. Mekonen, Getachew G. Tadese, Shambel D. Gashaw, Wassie K. Redda
{"title":"Nature of child abuse in war-torn districts in Ethiopia: the case of Amhara Region, Chenna and Maikadra","authors":"Aleminew A. Mekonen, Getachew G. Tadese, Shambel D. Gashaw, Wassie K. Redda","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02837-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02837-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since 2019, the war in Ethiopia between the Federal Government and the Tigrean People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) has severely impacted civilians, including children. Although children have been affected in many of the war-torn regions of the country, the study targeted two specific locations, Maikadra and Chenna, in Amhara National Regional State, where civilians were massacred because of their ethnicity. The focus of the study was to understand the acute and complex child abuse that occurred in the midst of the war. A qualitative method with a descriptive case study design was employed to collect and analyze data. Twenty-four individuals were purposely selected and participated in the interviews. From Maikadra, the participants included seven children, two parents, two school principals, one eyewitness woman in the community, and one <i>Kebele</i> administrator. Similarly, from Chenna, five children, three parents, two school principals, and one <i>Kebele</i> administrator participated in the interviews. We applied in-depth interviews and systematic observation to gather primary data. Using social ecology as a theoretical framework, the result revealed that at the micro level, community members (particularly children) experienced witnessing killings, experience rape and verbal abuse, intimidation, and the destruction of the family unit. At the mezzo level, the study documented communities’ experiences related to displacement and the destruction of schools and community networks. Further, at the exo level, the study revealed experiences of hunger, starvation, and the emergence of child-headed families. Finally, at the macro community level, the study revealed loss of future aspirations and the development of negative attitudes toward cultural values. All these forms of child abuse, as reported by study participants, are crimes deliberately committed by the TPLF rebel groups. This study suggests multiple interventions at all levels are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140938998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Parental Solid Self, Treatment Involvement, Stress, and Parenting Styles on Children’s Mental Health Symptom Severity","authors":"Weiying Chen, Rebecca Bokoch","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02848-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02848-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the increasing rate of mental health disorders among youth in the United States (U.S.) and the essential role of parents in children’s development, many studies have investigated the relationship between parental factors and children’s mental health. The current study expanded on this research by exploring the impact of parent solid self (i.e., one subcategory of differentiation of self), parenting stress, parenting styles, and parent involvement in treatment on children’s mental health symptom severity. The sample included 216 parents (U.S. residents; <i>M</i><sub><i>age</i></sub> = 33.84, <i>SD</i><sub><i>age</i></sub> = 5.384) with at least one youth aged 3–17 years actively or historically in mental health treatment. Participants completed an online survey that included a demographic questionnaire and measures of parenting styles, parental solid self, parental stress, and children’s symptom severity. A simple linear regression found that parental solid self and stress levels were associated with the severity of children’s symptoms. A two-way ANOVA revealed that parenting styles had a significant main effect on children’s symptom severity. Results also showed that the level of authoritative parenting style mediated the relationship between parental solid self and children’s symptom severity. This study further highlighted the importance of promoting individual therapy or psychoeducation for parents and how it might benefit children’s treatment. Future research may consider children’s perspectives, how parents engage with their child’s treatment, incorporating more expansive assessment methods, and longitudinal designs to further explore the impact of parents’ differentiation of self, parental stress, parenting styles, and parental involvement in treatment on children’s symptom severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Childhood Maltreatment and Early Maladaptive Schemas: the Role of Self-Forgiveness","authors":"Sophie Samen, Pia Tohme, Maria-Jose Sanchez-Ruiz","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02847-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02847-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous findings suggest that childhood maltreatment leads to the development of early maladaptive schemas (EMS) which, in turn, can predispose individuals to future psychopathology. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating roles of the quality of the early parent-child relationship and dispositional forgiveness, as potential protective factors, in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and maladaptive schemas. A total of 173 participants completed measures of the problematic relationship with their father and their mother, forgiveness, childhood maltreatment, and maladaptive schemas. Results revealed that participants with multi-type maltreatment had significantly higher maladaptive schema scores than those with a single type. In addition, the problematic relationship with the father mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and maladaptive schemas. Finally, self-forgiveness emerged as a significant predictor of lower early maladaptive schemas over and above all the other key variables. These results suggest that early interventions can benefit from including strategies focusing on promoting healthy parent-child relationships, as well as forgiveness of the self in children to cultivate their well-being. Furthermore, interventions in adulthood can target perceptions of parent-child relationships and self-forgiveness in the present moment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel Adabla, Laura A. Nabors, Afolakemi Olaniyan, Ashley Merianos
{"title":"Correlates of Behavioral Problems among Youth with Anxiety","authors":"Samuel Adabla, Laura A. Nabors, Afolakemi Olaniyan, Ashley Merianos","doi":"10.1007/s10826-023-02765-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-023-02765-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>More information is needed to elucidate factors related to anxiety and behavioral problems among adolescents to inform those developing interventions. Reduced levels of parental stress and a supportive parent-adolescent relationship may be positively associated with anxiety and behavioral problems while experiencing adverse childhood events typically is negatively associated with anxiety and behavioral problems. This study investigated correlates of behavioral problems among youth with anxiety. Secondary data analyses were performed using a sample of 2,285 youth (10–17 years) whose parents reported that they currently had anxiety and behavioral problems from the 2019 National Survey of Children’s Health. Two multivariable logistic regressions examined the associations between four predictors: anxiety severity (mild or moderate/severe), adverse childhood experiences (0 ACEs, 1 ACE, ≥ 2 ACEs), parental stress (always or seldom stressed from parenting role), and emotional support for parents (Yes or No) and outcome variables (parent report of current or past behavioral problems for youth with anxiety). Results were similar for the two regression models. Specifically, participants who had severe/moderate anxiety, were exposed to more traumatic events (≥2 ACEs), lived with parents who were always stressed from parenting roles, and resided with parents who did not receive emotional support with parenting were more likely to have behavioral problems. Interventions are needed to reduce parental stress and provide emotional support for parents whose children experience anxiety and behavioral problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Menendez, Zhi Li, Rebecca E. Klapper, Karl. S. Rosengren, Melissa L. Sturge-Apple
{"title":"COVID-19 and Child Adjustment: The role of Coparenting Conflict and Child Temperament","authors":"David Menendez, Zhi Li, Rebecca E. Klapper, Karl. S. Rosengren, Melissa L. Sturge-Apple","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02841-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02841-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented challenges to the lives of families and children, affecting children’s adjustment. We examined the impact COVID-19 had on families and how child-rearing disagreements might be linked to child adjustment. Furthermore, given the role that children play in evoking parent responses within the family context, we also investigated how children’s temperament trait of anger/frustration might moderate the indirect pathway through child-rearing disagreements. We recruited 516 parents with a child between the ages 3 and 7 to complete an online survey measuring their perceived COVID-19 impact, and family and child functioning. Results indicate that greater COVID-19 impact, and child temperamental anger/frustration were each linked to greater child-rearing disagreements, and thereby, greater child stress. In addition, families reporting the most COVID-19 impact and having a child with high anger/frustration experienced the most child-rearing disagreements, and thereby, greater child anxiety during the pandemic. This work highlights how the COVID pandemic might have disrupted family processes, which in turn had negative consequences on the family, and suggest that less coparenting conflict might be a protective factor on the effect of the pandemic on child outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptation and Psychometric Evidence of the Motivation to Have a Child Scale among Expectant Adoptive Mothers","authors":"Roberta Stefanini Machemer, Thais Selau, Maíra Lopes Almeida, Monique Souza Schwochow-Silberfarb, Denise Rushel Bandeira, Giana Bitencourt Frizzo","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02840-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02840-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The literature emphasizes that motivations for having a child are an important factor in mother-child adaptation post-adoption. Unfortunately, there are no instruments on motivations to have a child adapted to this population that can contribute to new evidence with quantitative research. Therefore, this paper aimed to adapt and investigate evidence of validity and reliability of the MCS scale (Brenning et al., 2015) within a sample of expectant adoptive mothers. The transcultural adaptation followed eight rigorous steps, including experts, focus groups, back-translation, and a pilot study conducted with biological mothers and soon-to-be adoptive mothers. For evidence of reliability, the scale was applied to a sample of 267 women waiting to adopt a child, with an average age of 38.7 years. The five-factor structure was confirmed, and the factors correlated as in a continuum, supporting the Self-Determination Theory. The MCS is valid and reliable for assessing the quality and intensity of the motivation to have a child in Brazil and in the context of adoptive motherhood, and it is suitable for future empirical research and practical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"155 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140835037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting Questionnaire: Psychometric Characteristics of a Revised Version","authors":"Elena Gallitto, Elisa Romano","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02818-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02818-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study describes the development of the Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting Questionnaire (PDEPQ), which assesses key parental cognitions underlying punitive parental behaviours, namely 1) Approval of Physical Punishment; 2) Approval of Non-Physical Punishment; 3) Subjective Norms; and 4) Parenting Self-Efficacy. In Study 1, two samples (parents, professionals) were recruited to assess the content validity of the four scales, following which a revised version was created. In Study 2, the revised PDEPQ was administered to 400 Canadian parents to examine the factor structure as well its reliability and validity. Results indicated a good factor structure of the scales, but several items were removed to achieve a better fit. Internal consistency of the four scales ranged from acceptable to excellent. Correlations between the scale scores at the two time points were large in magnitude and significant, indicating excellent test-retest reliability. Furthermore, correlations between the PDEPQ scales and measures of similar constructs were significant and in the expected direction, indicating a strong alignment of each scale with its respective construct of interest. In conclusion, findings from these various studies indicate good psychometric properties of the PDEPQ scales, as well as strong evidence of construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140834891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew C. H. Szeto, Brittany L. Lindsay, Emily Bernier, Laura Henderson, Susan Mercer
{"title":"The Inquiring Mind Youth: Analysis of a Mental Health Promotion and Stigma Reduction Pilot Program for Secondary Students","authors":"Andrew C. H. Szeto, Brittany L. Lindsay, Emily Bernier, Laura Henderson, Susan Mercer","doi":"10.1007/s10826-024-02839-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02839-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Whilst adolescence is often discussed as a challenging time, it is also a stage of life with tremendous potential for building positive skills that will support current and future mental health. This paper presents results from a pilot study of a mental health and stigma reduction program called <i>The Inquiring Mind Youth</i>, which is based on a series of programs that have previously demonstrated effectiveness in adult and workplace samples. The program was developed in collaboration with experts and youth and piloted in nine secondary schools across Canada (Calgary area and Eastern Coast). Data from 293 adolescent participants were collected using a pre-post-follow-up design. An overall medium effect size was found for both improved resilience skills (<i>SMD</i> = 0.49) and decreased stigmatizing attitudes (<i>SMD</i> = 0.38) pre-post program. An additional multi-level modelling analysis also showed improved resilience skills and decreased stigmatizing attitudes pre-post program, with more robust shifts in one geographic region (Calgary area). Further analysis showed that resilience improvements were retained at follow-up, with smaller effects. The results of this pilot study support ongoing work and development of programming that aims to foster resilience and reduce stigmatizing attitudes in young people.</p>","PeriodicalId":48362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child and Family Studies","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140617495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}