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Long Social Distancing 长社交距离
1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1086/726636
Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis
{"title":"Long Social Distancing","authors":"Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven J. Davis","doi":"10.1086/726636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726636","url":null,"abstract":"Many Americans continued some forms of social distancing after the pandemic. This phenomenon is stronger among older persons, less educated individuals, and those who interact daily with persons at high risk from infectious diseases. Regression models fit to individual-level data suggest that social distancing lowered labor force participation by 2.4 percentage points in 2022, 1.2 points on an earnings-weighted basis. When combined with simple equilibrium models, our results imply that the social distancing drag on participation reduced US output by $205 billion in 2022, shrank the college wage premium by 2.1 percentage points, and modestly steepened the cross-sectional age-wage profile.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136259939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Front Matter 前页
1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1086/728093
{"title":"Front Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1086/728093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/728093","url":null,"abstract":"Next article FreeFront MatterPDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Labor Economics Volume 41, Number S1October 2023Wage Dynamics in the Twenty-First Century Published for the Society of Labor Economists, Economics Research Center/ NORC Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/728093 © 2023 The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134936809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Monopsony Power in Higher Education: A Tale of Two Tracks 高等教育中的垄断权力:双轨故事
1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1086/726720
Austan Goolsbee, Chad Syverson
{"title":"Monopsony Power in Higher Education: A Tale of Two Tracks","authors":"Austan Goolsbee, Chad Syverson","doi":"10.1086/726720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726720","url":null,"abstract":"Previous articleNext article No AccessMonopsony Power in Higher Education: A Tale of Two TracksAustan Goolsbee and Chad SyversonAustan Goolsbee Search for more articles by this author and Chad Syverson Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Labor Economics Just Accepted Published for the Society of Labor Economists, Economics Research Center/ NORC Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/726720 HistoryAccepted July 06, 2023 © 2023 The University of Chicago. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136119743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
The Slow Diffusion of Earnings Inequality 收入不平等扩散缓慢
1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1086/726635
Isaac Sorkin, Melanie Wallskog
{"title":"The Slow Diffusion of Earnings Inequality","authors":"Isaac Sorkin, Melanie Wallskog","doi":"10.1086/726635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726635","url":null,"abstract":"Rising between-firm pay dispersion accounts for the majority of the dramatic increase in earnings inequality in the United States in the last several decades. This paper shows that a distinct cross-cohort pattern drives this rise: newer cohorts of firms enter more dispersed and stay more dispersed throughout their lives. These cohort patterns suggest a link between changes in firm entry associated with the decline in business dynamism and the rise in earnings inequality. Cohort effects also imply a slow diffusion of inequality: inequality rises as younger and more unequal cohorts of firms replace older and more equal cohorts.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136259940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
In-Kind Housing Transfers and Labor Supply: A Structural Approach 实物住房转移与劳动力供给:一个结构性的视角
1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1086/727839
Ning Zhang
{"title":"In-Kind Housing Transfers and Labor Supply: A Structural Approach","authors":"Ning Zhang","doi":"10.1086/727839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727839","url":null,"abstract":"Policymakers continuously debate the current U.S. Housing Voucher Program, which features a high degree of rationing and decreasing subsidy amount as income increases. This paper studies the effect of the Housing Voucher Program on low-income household labor supply and welfare. Using several datasets, I estimate a dynamic lifecycle model to study the long-term impacts of housing vouchers on employment, and examine how a set of policy reforms affect household labor supply and well-being. I show that voucher usage (as opposed to no vouchers) decreases female labor supply by 17% and male labor supply by 7% in the long run. Compared to the current program, a proposed reform that provides every recipient with a flat-rate subsidy increases female labor supply by 4% and leads to higher welfare. Policies that offer a lower subsidy to a larger population decrease labor supply by 3-4% and increase household welfare. Time-limited subsidies increase female employment by 4% and improve overall welfare.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of Classroom Rank on Learning Throughout Elementary School: Experimental Evidence from Ecuador 课堂等级对小学学习的影响:来自厄瓜多尔的实验证据
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1086/727515
P. Carneiro, Yyannú Cruz-Aguayo, Francesca Salvati, Norbert R. Schady
{"title":"The Effect of Classroom Rank on Learning Throughout Elementary School: Experimental Evidence from Ecuador","authors":"P. Carneiro, Yyannú Cruz-Aguayo, Francesca Salvati, Norbert R. Schady","doi":"10.1086/727515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727515","url":null,"abstract":"We study the impact on learning of a child's rank in the classroom using a unique experiment from Ecuador. Within each school, students were randomly assigned to classrooms in every grade between kindergarten and 6th grade. Therefore, two students with the same ability can have different classroom ranks because of the (random) peer composition of their classroom. To isolate the impact of rank from other peer influences we include classroom fixed effects. Children with higher classroom rank at the beginning of the academic year have significantly higher math test scores at the end of that grade. Classroom rank in math, not language, drives our results. The impact of classroom math rank is larger for younger children, and grows substantially over time. Exogenous changes in classroom rank in math also improve executive function, child happiness, and teacher perceptions of student ability.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46527233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Computers as Stepping Stones? Technological Change and Equality of Labor Market Opportunities 电脑是垫脚石?技术变革与劳动力市场机会平等
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1086/727490
M. Arntz, Cäcilia Lipowski, Guido Neidhöfer, Ulrich Zierahn-Weilage
{"title":"Computers as Stepping Stones? Technological Change and Equality of Labor Market Opportunities","authors":"M. Arntz, Cäcilia Lipowski, Guido Neidhöfer, Ulrich Zierahn-Weilage","doi":"10.1086/727490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43386093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Effect of Business Uncertainty on Turnover 业务不确定性对营业额的影响
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1086/727201
A. Ichino, Omar Bamieh, Decio Coviello, Nicola G. Persico
{"title":"Effect of Business Uncertainty on Turnover","authors":"A. Ichino, Omar Bamieh, Decio Coviello, Nicola G. Persico","doi":"10.1086/727201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727201","url":null,"abstract":"We document a causal relationship between business uncertainty and workforce management at the firm level, by leveraging litigation-generated quasi-experimental variation in business uncertainty. The causal effects of business uncertainty on turnover, hiring and separations are of the expected negative direction, and of sizable magnitude. These consequences are stronger among firms that operate in sectors in which business uncertainty is intrinsically higher, and can be attributed to the effect of regulation induced business risk on normal operations. In particular, employee turnover, hiring and separations are ratcheted down to reduce the risk of additional wrongful termination lawsuits. Value added is also shown to decrease in business risk.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46101958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overview: Wage Dynamics in the Twenty-First Century 概述:21世纪的工资动态
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1086/727200
Erik Hurst, Lisa B. Kahn
{"title":"Overview: Wage Dynamics in the Twenty-First Century","authors":"Erik Hurst, Lisa B. Kahn","doi":"10.1086/727200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/727200","url":null,"abstract":"true Throughout most of the twentieth century, economic growth was associated with rising median real wages. However, since the early 1980s, measured median real hourly compensation has been stagnant despite robust productivity growth. To the extent that measured real wage growth has occurred, it has been concentrated disproportionately at the upper end of the wage distribution. Many view the lack of growth of median wages over this time period as evidence that the American middle class has not advanced and as a symptom of declining social mobility. The decoupling of measured median real wage growth and productivity growth has been viewed as a puzzle among both academics and policy makers. During this time period, there has also been a separation of wage growth and othermacroeconomic fundamentals. For instance, theUnited States has had record low levels of unemployment in the years prior to the global pandemic, yet during the prepandemic period there was little accompanying wage growth. This presents an apparent contradiction of the long-standing Phillips curve analysis that negatively relates unemployment towage growth. Researchers have begun to dig into this puzzle of late (see, e.g., Del Negro et al. 2020). Recent explanations involve the possibility that we have mismeasured the amount of slack in the economy (Krueger, Cramer, and Cho 2014; Abraham, Haltiwanger, and Rendell 2020) or that we have a flatter","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46177741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of Minimum Wage Policies on the Wage and Occupational Structure of Establishments 最低工资政策对企业工资和职业结构的影响
IF 3.8 1区 经济学
Journal of Labor Economics Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1086/726820
E. Forsythe
{"title":"The Effect of Minimum Wage Policies on the Wage and Occupational Structure of Establishments","authors":"E. Forsythe","doi":"10.1086/726820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726820","url":null,"abstract":"Using establishment-level panel data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics program, I estimate the effect of minimum wage increases implemented by 10 states in 2014 and 2015. I show that minimum wage increases lead to wage spillovers within establishments. I find little evidence that minimum wage increases induce establishments to reorganize their occupational mix. Finally, I find that minimum wage increases propagate up the management hierarchy, leading to increased wages for supervisors. Nonetheless, I find that overall wage inequality decreases within establishments after minimum wage increases.","PeriodicalId":48308,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Labor Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44187613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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