Motivation and Emotion最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic Benefits of Finding the Silver Lining: Secondary Control as a Buffer Against Declines in Well-Being During COVID-19.","authors":"Matthew J Pierce, Katherine A Duggan, Clayton J Hilmert, Heather R Fuller, Jeremy M Hamm","doi":"10.1007/s11031-026-10195-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11031-026-10195-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although secondary control (SC) beliefs reflect a motivational resource that can protect well-being, little is known about the potential benefits of dynamic shifts in SC in response to socioeconomic hardships. The present study analyzed data from an online national COVID study that collected 5 waves of data from a representative sample of U.S. adults aged 18-80 during the first two years of the pandemic (<i>n</i> = 292). Multilevel models assessed how within-person changes in SC were associated with shifts in mental health (perceived stress, depressive symptoms) and well-being (affect, life satisfaction, meaning in life, personal growth) and the extent to which this relationship depended on increased financial hardship. Results indicated that increases in SC were associated with adaptive shifts across all included outcomes. Financial hardship moderated the link between SC, perceived stress, and personal growth, such that SC was beneficial during periods of financial hardship. Findings provide evidence for the role of dynamic changes in SC in protecting well-being during intractable life circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13042480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147610140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autonomy over authority: the role of autonomous motivation in law compliance.","authors":"Anna Tovmasyan, Daria Onitiu, Sandra Wachter, Brent Mittelstadt, Netta Weinstein","doi":"10.1007/s11031-025-10155-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-025-10155-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fear of punishment and perceived legitimacy of power are often believed to be key drivers of compliance with the law. Three studies challenged this view through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT), which posits that motivation can reflect internal values alongside such external forces, and in doing so stretched SDT into an important domain in which societal principles may inadvertently undermine motivation. Participants evaluated a proposed healthcare data law, presented in a clinical context, that pitted data privacy against the goal of building inclusive AI systems. Autonomous motivation to follow the law was consistently associated with intended law compliance. Conversely, controlled motivation driven by expectations of consequences showed mixed (positive or absent) effects on intended compliance. These results emphasize that relying on the threat of punishment may be insufficient for ensuring law compliance. Laws must be written in a way that resonate with values held by the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"50 1","pages":"158-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13048937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147624346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppress to get along: a lifespan account of social motives for suppression at work.","authors":"Elissa El Khawli, Anita C Keller, Susan Reh, Susanne Scheibe","doi":"10.1007/s11031-025-10146-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11031-025-10146-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expressive suppression, an emotion regulation strategy that entails hiding one's feelings, is commonly used to deal with interpersonal stressors at work, despite its negative relationship with affective well-being. To understand the context around suppression at work, we adopted a motivated, situational emotion regulation perspective to investigate the motives and context of suppression use at work. In a daily diary study, we investigated the effects of experienced incivility, in concert with daily communion and status motives, in predicting suppression at work. Drawing on lifespan theories, we also addressed between-person differences in communion and status motives by investigating how age relates to these motives via two theoretically established developmental goal orientations - growth and maintenance. Data were analyzed from 291 participants who participated in a daily diary study with three daily measurements for 15 working days (3,159 daily records). At the within-person level, incivility and communion motives both predicted use of suppression. Status motives did not relate to suppression, nor did either motive interact with experienced incivility to predict suppression. At the between-person level, age was indirectly negatively related to status and communion motives via lower growth orientation. Our findings offer insights into how daily motives influence emotion regulation strategy use, as well as how age and developmental goal orientations relate to these motives at the inter-person level.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"49 6","pages":"701-716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12638333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145589302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluative conditioning of conflict aversiveness and its effects on adaptive control","authors":"Ivan I. Ivanchei, Senne Braem, Luc Vermeylen, Wim Notebaert","doi":"10.1007/s11031-024-10091-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-024-10091-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cognitive conflict is typically experienced as negative, which has been argued to drive adaptive behavior following a conflict. We tried to change the negative value of conflict using evaluative conditioning, and measured changes in conflict adaptation in a subsequent Stroop task (<i>N</i> = 416 Prolific participants, English native speakers from different countries). We did not find evidence for decreased conflict adaptation following positive evaluative conditioning of conflict. However, we also did not find evidence for the change of conflict evaluation measured with the affect misattribution procedure in the follow-up experiment (<i>N</i> = 70). Interestingly, the exploratory follow-up analysis showed that people with low goal motivation (as measured through BAS Drive) did show the expected effect. A memory test for the evaluative conditioning pairings and the follow-up experiment suggest that, although the affective value of conflict was difficult to change, people with low goal motivation experienced less difficulty remembering the association between conflict stimuli and positive pictures. Our findings show additional evidence that conflicts are inherently negative, however, there is no clear support for, or against, the affective signaling hypothesis, that is the idea that conflict negativity drives control adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"200 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of a physically formidable competitor or cooperator on attraction to violent video games","authors":"Thomas F. Denson, Hanan Youssef, Khandis R. Blake, Barnaby J. W. Dixson, Eddie Harmon-Jones, Michael M. Kasumovic","doi":"10.1007/s11031-024-10095-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-024-10095-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Typically, men prefer violent video games more than women do. However, little is known about the motivational factors driving this greater preference for violent games in men. The integrative motivational model of violent video games (IMT-VVG) suggests that the pull of violent video games should be strongest in men because men have faced stronger evolutionary pressures to physically compete within an explicit hierarchy relative to women. In two experiments, individuals were led to believe they were competing (Experiment 1; <i>N</i> = 122) or cooperating (Experiment 2; <i>N</i> = 121) with an ostensible same-gender partner to complete a physical strength program. The partner was presented as either high or low in physical formidability. Participants then selected a violent or non-violent video game to play for up to 15 min. In Experiment 1, men showed a stronger preference for violent video games than women when they anticipated facing a stronger opponent in an impending physical strength competition. In Experiment 2, for the physical cooperation task, men also chose the violent game over the non-violent game, but did so independent of the formidability of their cooperation partner. In sum, these data suggest that men may be attracted to violent video games when faced with a competitive task that requires physical strength, but not necessarily a cooperative task. In support of this hypothesis, participants who played the violent games reported greater subjective toughness after game play. These results provide evidence for a new integrative motivational theory of violent video game play.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial and prosocial rewards differentially enhance cognition in younger and older healthy adults","authors":"Nadine Schmidt, Marta Menéndez-Granda, Patric Wyss, Michael Orth, Sebastian Horn, Matthias Kliegel, Jessica Peter","doi":"10.1007/s11031-024-10092-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-024-10092-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The prospect of a reward can enhance cognitive performance. For younger men financial gains, and for older adults and women prosocial rewards, seem particularly motivating. We therefore investigated whether adding a prosocial component to a financial reward enhanced cognitive performance and, if so, whether this depended on age or sex. We randomly assigned 571 participants to one of three reward types (financial reward, prosocial reward, or a combination of both) in a monetary incentive delay task. We used linear effects modelling to examine effects of age, sex, or reward type on trial accuracy, response time, and total performance. The prospect of a combined financial and prosocial reward increased performance in all participants with the increase of response speed particularly pronounced in younger adults. Only in men, a sole financial reward increased performance. Our study highlights the importance of choosing rewards wisely when designing studies that examine their influence on cognitive performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of intensity on emotion regulation strategy preferences are emotion-specific","authors":"Bram Van Bockstaele, Patrick J. F. Clarke, Jemma Todd, Frances Meeten, Julie L. Ji, Julian Basanovic, Nigel T. M. Chen, Daniel Rudaizky, Lies Notebaert","doi":"10.1007/s11031-024-10093-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-024-10093-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adaptive emotion regulation is characterized by the ability to flexibly select and switch between different strategies, depending on individual and contextual factors. Previous studies have shown that people prefer disengagement strategies to regulate more intense emotions, while they prefer engagement strategies to regulate less intense emotions. In this study, we investigated whether – in addition to the intensity of emotions – the discrete emotion type (disgust versus fear) also affects emotion regulation strategy preferences. A total of 401 students from three different universities completed an emotion regulation choice task in which they could choose between distraction and reappraisal to regulate their emotions in response to viewing high versus low intensity disgust- and fear-evoking pictures. We found that strategy choices did indeed depend on the nature of specific emotions, with distraction being preferred for regulating disgust, and reappraisal being preferred for regulating fear. Crucially, the nature of the emotion also qualified the previously reported effect of emotion intensity on strategy choice: Only for disgust- but not for fear-evoking pictures did participants show an increased preference for distraction over reappraisal with increased emotion intensity. Our results thus show that the effects of emotional intensity on emotion regulation strategy choice are emotion-specific and indicate that factors affecting emotion regulation strategy choice interact with each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inbound friend or foe: how motion bistability is resolved under threat","authors":"Fábio Silva, Ana C. Magalhães, Daniela Fidalgo, Nuno Gomes, Marta I. Garrido, Sandra C. Soares","doi":"10.1007/s11031-024-10085-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-024-10085-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anxiety prepares us to deal with unpredictable threats, such as the approaching of an unknown person. Studies have shown our innate tendency to see approaching motion in ambiguous walkers in what was termed facing-the-viewer (FTV) bias. Here we investigated if anxiety states further contributed to this bias, hypothesizing that such states would increase overall FTV biases. Throughout three Experiments, we asked participants to judge the motion direction of ambiguous point-light walkers and measured their respective FTV biases under safe and anxiety-related conditions induced via imagery (Experiment 1), screaming sounds (Experiment 2), and threat of shock (Experiment 3). Across all experiments, we showed that anxiety does not affect our tendency to perceive an approaching behavior in ambiguous walkers. Based on our findings, and the discrepancies found in the literature, we emphasize the need for future studies to paint a clearer picture on the nature and aspects capable of affecting this bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition memory for specific emotion words: anger, fear, and disgust","authors":"Aycan Kapucu, Caren M. Rotello, Elif Yüvrük","doi":"10.1007/s11031-024-10084-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-024-10084-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Negative emotional stimuli are typically recognized more accurately and with a more liberal response bias than neutral stimuli. We assessed whether those effects on recognition memory are present at similar magnitudes for specific negative emotions by contrasting emotions that theoretically vary across different emotional dimensions. Although anger, fear, and disgust are all highly-arousing and negative emotions, they differ in motivational tendencies and/or appraisal properties such as (un)certainty about the source or the consequence of emotion: Fear and disgust trigger avoidance motivation, whereas anger triggers approach motivation (Carver, C. S., &amp; Harmon-Jones, E. (2009). Anger is an approach-related affect: evidence and implications. Psychological Bulletin, 135(2), 183–204.). Also, anger and disgust are associated with high certainty, but fear is associated with low certainty (Lerner, J. S., &amp; Keltner, D. (2000). Beyond valence: Toward a model of emotion-specific influences on judgment and choice. Cognition &amp; Emotion, 14(4), 473–493.). In two experiments, participants studied lists of negative (anger-, fear-, or disgust-related) and neutral words and then completed a delayed recognition memory test. In both experiments, fear-related words showed no recognition memory advantage compared to neutral words, while anger-related words were recognized less well than neutral words. Disgust-related words were better recognized than their neutral counterparts, but only when within-subject design was employed in Experiment 2. Therefore, neither effect could solely be attributed to the motivational or certainty-related properties of emotions. Across all of the specific emotions, negative words led to large liberal bias shifts in both experiments. Notably, this liberal bias was more pronounced for disgust-related words in Experiment 2. Overall, although motivational/appraisal differences across specific negative emotions affected recognition memory, these effects could not be exclusively attributed to a particular emotion dimension. Instead, these effects might be best understood through unique adaptive properties inherent to each specific emotion.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expectancy-value interactions and dropout intentions in higher education: can study values compensate for low expectancies?","authors":"Jonas Breetzke, Carla Bohndick","doi":"10.1007/s11031-024-10088-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-024-10088-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research highlights the importance of expectancy-value interactions in predicting secondary-school students’ academic achievement. But as students transition to higher education, their expectancies and values undergo significant changes – highlighting the need to broaden the application of expectancy-value interactions to this context. To address this, we investigate the interactions between higher education students’ expectancies and their values in relation to students’ dropout intention. Data of <i>N</i> = 1140 students were analysed using latent moderated structural equation modelling. Similar to prior research, we find that expectancy-value interactions are related to students’ dropout intention. But rather than the synergistic interactions commonly found in the secondary-school context, we find that higher education students exhibit compensatory interactions: High study values and low costs could, to a certain degree, compensate for low expectancies. Furthermore, special attention should be paid to students who see little value in their studies and have a low success expectation, as they showed dropout intentions that far exceed effects indicated in prior research.</p>","PeriodicalId":48282,"journal":{"name":"Motivation and Emotion","volume":"288 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}