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Considering information-sharing motives to reduce misinformation 考虑信息共享动机以减少错误信息
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101852
Laura K. Globig , Tali Sharot
{"title":"Considering information-sharing motives to reduce misinformation","authors":"Laura K. Globig ,&nbsp;Tali Sharot","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Misinformation has risen in recent years, negatively affecting domains ranging from politics to health. To curb the spread of misinformation it is useful to consider why, how, and when people decide to share information. Here we suggest that information-sharing decisions are value-based choices, in which sharers strive to maximize rewards and minimize losses to themselves and/or others. These outcomes can be tangible, in the form of monetary rewards or losses, or intangible, in the form of social feedback. On social media platforms these rewards and losses are not clearly tied to the accuracy of information shared. Thus, sharers have little incentive to avoid disseminating misinformation. Based on this framework, we propose ways to nudge sharers to prioritize accuracy during information-sharing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101852"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X24000654/pdfft?md5=ab19859311cad7bdf48fc064e077cc5d&pid=1-s2.0-S2352250X24000654-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142007089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-control and self-expression 自我控制和自我表达
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101846
Michail D. Kokkoris
{"title":"Self-control and self-expression","authors":"Michail D. Kokkoris","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Does self-control express or suppress our true selves? This article reviews the emerging body of literature on the effect of self-control on authentic self-expression from the actors' (self-signaling) and the observers’ (other-signaling) perspective. While actors can experience self-control as either expression or suppression of the self, individual differences in decision-making or personal values can predict when self-control is more likely to be experienced in one way or the other. Self-control also signals to observers both positive (e.g., competent, trustworthy, powerful) and negative (e.g., inauthentic, robotic, less warm) identities, with specific inferences depending on the context (e.g., work vs. fun). Overall, the relationship between self-control and self-expression is more nuanced than earlier research suggested, and several open questions await further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101846"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X24000599/pdfft?md5=97e5f2193f9e7d1cfc11808441a24741&pid=1-s2.0-S2352250X24000599-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Psychology of AI: How AI impacts the way people feel, think, and behave 人工智能心理学：人工智能如何影响人们的感觉、思维和行为方式
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101835
{"title":"Psychology of AI: How AI impacts the way people feel, think, and behave","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have transformed numerous facets of our lives. In this article, we summarize key themes in emerging AI research in behavioral science. In doing so, we aim to unravel the multifaceted impacts of AI on people's emotions, cognition, and behaviors, offering nuanced insights into this rapidly evolving landscape. This article concludes with proposing promising avenues for future research, outlining areas for further exploration and methodological approaches to consider.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101835"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141557249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The fable of state self-control 国家自我控制的寓言
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101848
Michael Inzlicht , Brent W. Roberts
{"title":"The fable of state self-control","authors":"Michael Inzlicht ,&nbsp;Brent W. Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trait self-control is highly valued, often equated with moral righteousness and associated with numerous positive life outcomes. This paper challenges the conventional conflation of trait self-control and state self-control. We suggest that while trait self-control is consistently linked to success, state self-control is not the causal mechanism driving these benefits. Trait self-control, sometimes also referred to as conscientiousness, grit, and the ability to delay gratification, predicts better health, wealth, and academic achievement. Conventional wisdom has it that people high in trait self-control reap all these benefits because they engage in more state self-control, defined as the momentary act of resolving conflict between goals and fleeting desires. Despite its intuitive appeal, there are problems with extolling state self-control because of our love for trait self-control. First, empirical evidence suggests that individuals high in trait self-control do not engage in more state self-control but engage it less. Second, changes to state self-control do not reliably and sustainably improve people's outcomes, as least in the long-term. And third, despite the possibility of dramatic improvements in trait self-control, these improvements are often short lived, with people returning to their baseline trait level over longer time horizons. The roots of this problem are numerous: Imprecise and inaccurate naming of our constructs that lead to construct drift and contamination; ignoring the numerous other facets of conscientiousness like orderliness or industriousness; and not appreciating that traits are sometimes not reducible to states. We suggest that the celebrated benefits of trait self-control arise from mechanisms beyond state self-control and highlight the need for a broader conceptualization of self-control in psychological research and practical interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101848"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X24000617/pdfft?md5=e50cbc12980fc8e163be0eb74a8356de&pid=1-s2.0-S2352250X24000617-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The relevance of top-down self-regulation for children's and adolescents' developmental outcomes 自上而下的自我调节与儿童和青少年发展结果的相关性
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101847
Nancy Eisenberg , Maciel M. Hernández , Antonio Zuffianò , Tracy L. Spinrad
{"title":"The relevance of top-down self-regulation for children's and adolescents' developmental outcomes","authors":"Nancy Eisenberg ,&nbsp;Maciel M. Hernández ,&nbsp;Antonio Zuffianò ,&nbsp;Tracy L. Spinrad","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A popular topic in developmental science is self-regulation, an aspect of functioning viewed as contributing to optimal development. Of particular theoretical importance is top-down (frontal cortically based) self-regulation (TDSR). This article briefly reviews recent research on TDSR's relation to four areas of development: maladjustment, social competence, prosocial development, and academic development. Recent studies on the topic often involve sophisticated methods and designs; moreover, several relevant meta-analyses have been published in the recent past. In general, a higher level of TDSR has been associated with better adjustment, social competence, prosociality, and success in the school setting. Limitations in the research and extant meta-analyses are briefly noted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101847"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Episodic future thinking and psychopathology: A focus on depression and suicide risk 偶发性未来思维与精神病理学：关注抑郁症和自杀风险。
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101853
Rachel J. Nam, Nathan J. Lowry, Olivia C. Lawrence, Layne J. Novotny, Christine B. Cha
{"title":"Episodic future thinking and psychopathology: A focus on depression and suicide risk","authors":"Rachel J. Nam,&nbsp;Nathan J. Lowry,&nbsp;Olivia C. Lawrence,&nbsp;Layne J. Novotny,&nbsp;Christine B. Cha","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Episodic future thinking (EFT), the ability to imagine future autobiographical events, is both an everyday and clinically significant cognitive process. With a focus on depression and suicidality, here we discuss evidence connecting EFT with psychopathology. Emotional valence of imagined future events has emerged as the most widely established feature of EFT detected to date, with less positive EFT being associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. This pattern may not be merely a byproduct of sadness or anhedonia. Promising directions for future research include clarifying the temporal association between EFT and clinical outcomes, investigating the potential benefits and drawbacks of positive EFT, and refining assessments for youth to measure EFT either preceding or soon after onset of psychopathology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101853"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bypassing as a non-confrontational influence strategy 绕过作为一种非对抗性影响策略。
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101855
Javier A. Granados Samayoa, Dolores Albarracín
{"title":"Bypassing as a non-confrontational influence strategy","authors":"Javier A. Granados Samayoa,&nbsp;Dolores Albarracín","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Psychological interventions tend to be confrontational in nature. That is, when psychologists seek to bring about change in beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors, they often do so by directly confronting the presumed barrier to change. Confrontational approaches can be effective, but suffer from limitations to their efficacy, such as the possibility of arousing discomfort or defensiveness from the recipient. The current piece seeks to highlight an alternative strategy that we refer to as <em>bypassing,</em> which refers to a general approach for bringing about behavior change without confrontation. Leveraging insights from research on misinformation, stereotypes, and persuasion, we present evidence that non-confrontational approaches can be as effective, if not more so, than the traditional confrontational paradigm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101855"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Integrating insights from implementation science and behavioral economics to strengthen suicide screening strategies for pediatric populations 综合实施科学和行为经济学的见解，加强儿科人群的自杀筛查策略
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101854
Nathan Hodson , Christina Johnson , Rinad S. Beidas
{"title":"Integrating insights from implementation science and behavioral economics to strengthen suicide screening strategies for pediatric populations","authors":"Nathan Hodson ,&nbsp;Christina Johnson ,&nbsp;Rinad S. Beidas","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Suicide is a leading cause of death for young people globally. Professional organizations such as the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend suicide screening for every young person at every healthcare contact and these guidelines are now being implemented across the US. To optimize deployment of these guidelines, we draw on insights from two parallel fields, implementation science – or the study of how to support clinicians in providing evidence-based care within organizational constraints – and behavioral economics, which centers human decision-making. In this brief review, we offer potential barriers to suicide screening and strategies to address barriers drawing on these two literatures, illustrating how best to integrate insights from these fields for maximal impact.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101854"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social norm dynamics and cooperation in changing groups 不断变化的群体中的社会规范动态与合作
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101849
Kasper Otten , Vincent Buskens , Wojtek Przepiorka , Naomi Ellemers
{"title":"Social norm dynamics and cooperation in changing groups","authors":"Kasper Otten ,&nbsp;Vincent Buskens ,&nbsp;Wojtek Przepiorka ,&nbsp;Naomi Ellemers","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Social norms promote cooperation in human groups. How are these norms and cooperation affected when groups change due to new members arriving and old members leaving? In this review we highlight the scant literature that researches the effects of group changes on social norms and cooperation. Thus far evidence suggests that newcomers cooperate less than incumbents but adjust their cooperation levels over time. However, this adjustment is not necessarily accompanied by adjustments in terms of group identification and norms. We also point to the data limitations that ensue when researching phenomena at the group level and outline future research directions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101849"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X24000629/pdfft?md5=d858400ff34dc9309dd4cd3f84726c71&pid=1-s2.0-S2352250X24000629-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141895950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social sanctions in response to injunctive norm violations 针对违反禁令规范的社会制裁
IF 6.3 2区 心理学
Current Opinion in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101850
Benjamin D. Douglas , Kendall Holley , Naomi Isenberg , Kevin R. Kennedy , Markus Brauer
{"title":"Social sanctions in response to injunctive norm violations","authors":"Benjamin D. Douglas ,&nbsp;Kendall Holley ,&nbsp;Naomi Isenberg ,&nbsp;Kevin R. Kennedy ,&nbsp;Markus Brauer","doi":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Injunctive social norms are societal standards for how people are expected to behave. When individuals transgress these norms, they face social sanctions for their behavior. These sanctions can take many forms ranging from verbal or non-verbal reactions and from disapproval to ostracism. We review the stable characteristics and situational variables that affect a bystander's tendency to enact social sanctions against someone who violates an injunctive social norm. Stable characteristics include the bystander's extraversion, altruism, the belief that others can change their behavior, and their cultural background. Situational factors include the extent to which the violated norm implicates the bystander, the social hierarchies among the bystander and transgressor, the presence of additional bystanders, and (when applicable) the bystander's relationship to the victim of the norm violation. We also discuss the costs that a bystander can incur by attempting to enact social sanctions. We conclude with a discussion of the application of social sanctions to enforce pro-social social norms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48279,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychology","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101850"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141895945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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