Political Geography最新文献

{"title":"The Vertical Refuge. A critical exploration of the vertical dimension in Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon","authors":"Hanadi Samhan ,&nbsp;Camillo Boano","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores what we called <em>‘Vertical Refuge</em>’ in Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon, challenging the traditional view of camps as flat, horizontal spaces. It introduces a poly-dimensional framework that examines verticality not only in terms of height and depth but also in relation to territorial politics, sovereignty, and other spatial dimensions. By uncovering the complex power dynamics between Palestinian refugees, Palestinian factions, Lebanese state actors, para-state actors, and their proxies, the paper argues that vertical spaces in these camps are not simply responses to spatial constraints or issues of height and power. Instead, they reflect broader political, social, and territorial negotiations. Through an analysis of the camps in Dbayeh and Ein al-Hilweh, the study reveals how verticality is shaped by forces of power, sovereignty, and control. By adopting this poly-dimensional approach, the paper offers fresh perspectives on camp studies, positioning refugee camps within the framework of the ‘vertical turn’ in political geography. It contributes to ongoing debates surrounding space, power, and sovereignty in contested territories, while expanding the conceptualization of verticality to challenge the linearity of traditional geographical and architectural understandings of camps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making spaces for debate in the digital age","authors":"Mia M. Bennett,&nbsp;Kate Coddington,&nbsp;Deirdre Conlon,&nbsp;Patricia Ehrkamp,&nbsp;Charis Enns,&nbsp;Filippo Menga,&nbsp;Caroline Nagel,&nbsp;Olivier J. Walther","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpreting Title IX: A feminist legal geography of sexual assault prevention on U.S. college campuses","authors":"Sonia Bat-Sheva Kaufman,&nbsp;Lise Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article uses questions and tools from feminist legal geography to explore the uneven institutional and discursive landscapes of sexual assault prevention on U.S. college campuses under the auspices of Title IX. College campuses in the United States remain landscapes of risk and fear, felt most strongly by women and non-binary students, despite decades of campus interventions to prevent assault, support survivors, and hold perpetrators accountable. Passed in 1972, Title IX represents the most important federal legislation addressing gender discrimination on campus, one that has evolved over several decades at the intersection of litigation, administrative rule-making, and feminist activism to broaden the scope of what “gender discrimination” means. Our analysis highlights the variability in how universities interpret Title IX as it pertains to sexual assault, which can profoundly shape the effectiveness of prevention and support services. Some universities narrowly interpret Title IX, leading to “law and order” approaches and policies that individualize the problem and side-step communal responsibility. Others, however, go beyond checking the box of Title IX by instituting comprehensive and trauma-informed narratives and services that tackle sexual violence as a question of power and patriarchy. While the tensions between these paradigms have been explored in extant literature, our qualitative discursive analysis represents a unique entry point for assessing the specific institutional contexts that can lead to distinct approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“The government is confused”: The political utility of institutional ambiguity in Jordan's humanitarian arena","authors":"Katharina Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is increasing scholarly interest in the role uncertainty and ambiguity play not only in the lived experiences of refugees, but also in their governance. In Jordan, where an international humanitarian regime aims to integrate Syrian refugees into the formal labour market, institutional ambiguity is a key factor influencing the outcome of aid interventions. Based on fieldwork among humanitarian, development and government actors between September 2018 and February 2019, this paper investigates how the Jordanian state created ambiguity with regards to the integration of Syrians into the labour market. Drawing on theories of institutional ambiguity as governance strategy, it shows how inconsistent policy implementation and volatile policy changes created uncertainty among international aid actors, ultimately resulting in the diversion of international aid funding for refugees towards Jordan's national development goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103257"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ontological security as 'being-with': Indigenous sovereignty and securing against the colonial nation-state","authors":"Kate Botterill","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The range and diversity of ideas that comprise the conceptual terrain of ontological security (OS) – the security of being – hold much value for understanding political geographies, and how hegemonic and oppressive relationships threaten our collective, multi-species being in the world. Yet, the directed study of (ontological) security has largely been framed through what Mignolo (2011) calls a 'coloniality of knowledge' that does particular kinds of work in the world, including a dismissal of the possibility of understanding OS as formed through a relational interdependence that is positioned against coloniality. This paper foregrounds Indigenous and decolonial scholarship on relationality as a means of articulating a framework for OS as <em>being-with</em>. OS as being-with is constituted by three inter-related themes: a) an ontological dis-embedding from modernist ideals of 'security' and 'autonomy'; b) confrontation with the ontological insecurities that are produced and sustained through the modern state; c) re-articulation of security embedded in a relational worldview that recognises a multiplicity of relations located in place and diversely positioned to secure against the colonial nation-state. As such, OS framed as <em>being-with</em> is also always co-constituted by <em>being-against</em> coloniality in anti-racist struggle. To illustrate this argument, the paper uses a case study of the Voice referendum in Australia in 2023, to discuss how this powerful example, in its long history of Indigenous sovereignty, is an attempt at more open-ended, critically attuned effort towards OS as <em>being-with</em>, with matters of justice and reconciliation at its core. Yet its location within the settler colonial nation-state means it is positioned at, and thwarted by, the 'crosshairs of imperial debris' (Radcliffe, 2017:436).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic displacements: An environmental justice perspective on a chemical waste site in Denmark","authors":"Max Mailund,&nbsp;Dorte Nita Simonsen,&nbsp;Mads Ejsing","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article we examine the problem of toxic waste and its entanglements with environmental justice in the Anthropocene from the perspective of Harboøre Tange – the waste site of one of the greatest chemical pollution scandals in Danish environmental history. Drawing on qualitative interviews and ethnographic fieldwork, we show how environmental harms and inequalities are sustained over time through a series of ‘toxic displacements’ that make the consequences of the chemical waste less seen and felt. These findings add to existing environmental justice theories about problem displacement by demonstrating how such displacements take place along both spatial, temporal, and cross-species dimensions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What we Don't see: Uncovering intercommunal violence through remote sensing","authors":"Mikael Hiberg Naghizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Earth observing remote sensing technology offers a pioneering method for gathering data on collective violence that would otherwise remain unseen, unreported, and unrecorded. However, it remains a critically underutilised tool in the academic study of conflict. This article demonstrates the value added of remote sensing by outlining a method that relies on publicly available satellite data of fires in conjunction with other satellite imagery to gain insight into bouts of intercommunal violence, which are subject to reporting bias. I use anomalous fire patterns as leads to identify potential conflict events and satellite images to determine the conflict relevance of fire detections by analysing structural damage and scorch marks. I illustrate the contribution of this method by applying it to two cases of intercommunal violence: one in Cameroon's Far North Region and the other in Ethiopia's Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region. I find 28 destroyed settlements in the former case, and 14 in the latter, most of which were previously unreported. Finally, the method has important academic and humanitarian use cases as a low-cost way of gaining near real-time and spatiotemporally accurate insight into the extent and spread of violence in conflict vulnerable areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raising justice: Political autonomy and a decolonial feminist relandscaping of Mexico City's Reforma","authors":"Melissa W. Wright ,&nbsp;Carla Filipe-Narciso","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In September 2021, and in the middle Mexico City's famed boulevard, <em>El Paseo de la Reforma</em>, feminist and decolonial activists use ropes and ladders to ascend a stone plinth. They haul up a wooden carving of a girlish figure who thrusts her fist skyward and is painted completely in violet. They call her their “antimonument,” name her “<em>Justicia”</em> (Justice), and replace a massive memorial of Christopher Columbus and four Catholic friars that for over a century had represented the “glory” of Mexico's “European Discovery” within what had been known as, “The Roundabout of Columbus.” Today, <em>Justicia</em> stands in this same place that is now celebrated as: “The Roundabout to Women Who Fight.” As one of many antimonuments that commands attention along the country's most revered boulevard, where dozens of men known for their colonialist, slave-owning, and patriarchal sentiments have represented Mexico's national story, <em>Justicia</em> stands as a materialization of the embodied decolonial feminist activism that is transforming governance within Mexico and in many places across the southern Americas. In this essay, we contextualize the raising of <em>Justicia</em> on the <em>Reforma</em> within a broader discussion of the interconnected and subversive embodiments of feminist and decolonial coalitions that are remaking Mexico's commemorative spaces, both within the public imaginary as well as in the experience of tangible places. We refer to this radical remaking as “relandscaping,” a concept that we place in dialogue with feminist and decolonial geographies and feminist landscape studies. With this theoretical framing, we explore relandscaping as an example of what Cindi Katz intends with the idea of counter-topography, as solidarity that emerges at the interstices of the material and symbolic and across the interconnected scales of embodied activism. By putting together this feminist and decolonial toolkit, we show that autonomy is not merely a political act but also a landscape practice with promise for the making of innovative counter-topographies against the racist and misogynist terror within modernity's colonialist legacies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cabling and un-cabling Palestine/Israel: Toward a theory of cumulative infrastructural injustice","authors":"Yara Sa’di-Ibraheem ,&nbsp;Shira Wilkof","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although urban infrastructure is designed to last for many decades and is characterized by its extensive lifecycle, it is typically studied through specific events or effects occurring within a narrow timeframe. What this restricted temporal perspective fails to capture is the enduring patterns through which infrastructural injustice, discrimination and exclusion build over time. To address this lacuna, recent studies, especially those focusing on colonial settings, have adopted a longitudinal perspective. In this article, however, we push the longitudinal perspective further, arguing that more than merely unveiling resemblances, reemergences, or continuities in power relations, it also allows us to (1) reveal the interconnections between different forms of infrastructural injustice across successive regimes and (2) understand the cumulative impact of these inequalities over time. Thus, we propose the concept of ‘cumulative infrastructural injustice’ to enable us both to identify diverse forms and mechanisms of infrastructural injustice that, in the aggregate, result in the continuity of discrimination, disenfranchisement, and racial hierarchies within various regimes and contexts, especially in colonial contexts; and to assess their cumulative impact. To develop this understanding, we focus on the establishment of the physical telecommunications infrastructure in Palestine/Israel, from the British colonial period to contemporary Israel's (infra)structural discrimination against its Palestinian citizens. Drawing on multilingual archival records and media from various periods, we analyze the changing modes of infrastructural inequalities that developed over time by means of what we term strategies of ‘skipping,’ ‘un-cabling,’ and ‘selective (re)cabling’ in the telecommunication system. The ‘cumulative infrastructural injustice’ lens reminds us not only to adopt a long-term view of infrastructural <em>development</em> but also to trace its opposite expressions—sustained lack, obstacles, erasure, willful neglect, and de-prioritization—and uncover the different mechanisms underpinning these strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 103242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to turn a union organizer into a cable junction box: Union access to workers, the property right to exclude, and the United States Supreme Court's alchemical geographical imagination","authors":"Don Mitchell","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2024.103260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on the 2021 US Supreme Court decision in <em>Cedar Point Nurseries v. Hassid</em>. In its decision the Court invalidated a 45-year old California regulation that allowed union organizers onto growers' properties under very limited conditions for the purposes of discussing the merits of unionization. In making its ruling, the Court effected a broad and significant expansion of property-owners “right to exclude” that will affect not only union organizing, but quite probably food safety inspection regimes, oversight of care homes, workplace safety enforcement and other activities where property owners have been required to allow third parties on their property in the pursuance of the public good. The paper focuses on the development and necessity of the access rule, the history of growers' attempts to have it invalidated on constitutional grounds, and the reasoning by the Court that has made growers – and property-rights activists more broadly – victorious at last. The paper relies on archival research, a close reading of precedential cases, a large number of friend-of-the-court briefs, oral testimony and both the majority's and dissent's reading of the facts in order to expose how the Court deploys an alchemical geographical imagination in ways that advances the interests of the capitalist and property-owning classes. The paper contributes to ongoing research in political geography on the sources, meanings, and geographical effects of law by showing examining the Court's ability to deploy law's interpretive flexibility in ways that enhance its structural determination of the contours of class struggle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 103260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}