International Journal of Qualitative Methods最新文献

{"title":"The Rug Methodology in Qualitative Studies","authors":"Ghita M. Bodman, Patrizia Garista","doi":"10.1177/16094069231205774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231205774","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces the Rug Methodology to enhance participation in the qualitative research process. The idea of using rugs to facilitate narratives and expression, and to build reciprocity and activate reflexivity and meaning-making, grew out of a peer-to-peer debate between the authors of this paper on a qualitative research approach for weaving rugs, inventive methods for community action, and drawing as a reflective practice. The article describes the procedure of drawing rugs to encourage people participation. Rugs are everyday objects but they can become a qualitative tool that can be used with in-depth interviews, amplifying the opportunity of collecting participants’ lived experiences, emotions, reflections, and desires. The paper aims to define a framework which connects “to-do activities” with dialogical practices in research and to describe strengths and limitations of drawings rugs in a qualitative research design. Drawings, life events, and stories from the field are described and discussed, showing how everyday objects such as rugs can support expression, participation, reflexivity, and how drawing rugs is suitable for various and vulnerable targets and settings in qualitative studies. Finally, the paper describes the challenges of analysing data from drawings to illustrate lived experiences related to people who stay in rural areas and how they learnt to generate their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135159767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Language Processing Enhanced Qualitative Methods: An Opportunity to Improve Health Outcomes","authors":"R. David Parker, Karen Mancini, Marissa D. Abram","doi":"10.1177/16094069231214144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231214144","url":null,"abstract":"Background Electronic health systems contain large amounts of unstructured data (UD) which are often unanalyzed due to the time and costs involved. Unanalyzed data creates missed opportunities to improve health outcomes. Natural language processing (NLP) is the foundation of generative artificial intelligence (GAI), which is the basis for large language models, such as ChatGPT. NLP and GAI are machine learning methods that analyze large amounts of data in a short time at minimal cost. The ability of NLP to conduct qualitative analyses is increasing, yet the results can lack context and nuance in their findings, requiring human intervention. Methods Our study compared outcomes, time, and costs of a previously published qualitative study. Our approach partnered an NLP model and a qualitative researcher (NLP+). UD from behavioral health patients were analyzed using NLP and a Latent Dirichlet allocation to identify the topics using probability of word coherence scores. The topics were then analyzed by a qualitative researcher, translated into themes, and compared with the original findings. Results The NLP + method results aligned with the original, qualitative derived themes. Our model also identified two additional themes which were not originally detected. The NLP + method required 6 hours of labor, 3 minutes for transcription, and a transcription cost of $1.17. The original, qualitative researcher only method required more than 36 hours ($2,250) of time and $1,100 for transcription. Conclusions While natural language processing analyzes voluminous amounts of data in seconds, context and nuance in human language are regularly missed. Combining a qualitative researcher with NLP + could be deployed in many settings, reducing time and costs, and improving context. Until large language models are more prevalent, a human interaction can help translate the patient experience by contextualizing data rich in social determinant indicators which may otherwise go unanalyzed.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135559803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Decision-Making in Myocardial Infarction for People With Advanced Kidney Disease: Protocol for a Qualitative Study","authors":"Jemima Scott, Lucy E. Selman, Fergus J. Caskey, Thomas Johnson, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Pippa K. Bailey","doi":"10.1177/16094069231202197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231202197","url":null,"abstract":"Background: People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have significantly higher morbidity and mortality following myocardial infarction (MI) than the general population. Despite this, they are less likely to receive invasive management and guideline-directed medications than those without kidney disease. It is unclear why this treatment variation exists and whether or not it reflects equal and appropriate access to care for the high-risk CKD population. Aims: The aims are to (1) understand how management decisions following an MI are made for, and with, people with CKD, and (2) describe the experiences of people with CKD who have recently received MI care in England. Method: We will recruit 15–20 patients with CKD and previous MI, and 15–20 clinical staff who are involved in treatment decision-making, from 3–5 NHS hospital trusts in the UK. Purposive sampling will be used to ensure diversity in participants with respect to age, gender, ethnicity and, where relevant, profession or degree of kidney impairment. We will undertake semi-structured interviews following flexible topic guides developed for patients and clinical staff. Interviews will be audio-recorded and transcribed. Transcripts will be analysed using the six steps outlined in Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis, within an interpretivist, constructionist approach. Analysis will be primarily inductive. We will label sections of text with codes to reflect semantic or latent meaning and cluster similar codes together to derive themes which we will define and name. We will produce a report comprising themes central to MI treatment decision-making in people with CKD, illustrated with examples of data and analytic commentary, and demonstrate where our research stands within the context of the literature and wider context.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":"274 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135599918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-designing Guidelines for Using Arts-based methods when Conducting Youth Mental Health Research in Online Environments","authors":"Roberta L. Woodgate, Miriam Gonzalez, John Christian Barrion, Tasmiah Hussain, Iman Shamraiz, Nicole Singcay, Stacie Smith, Nicole Thielmann, Erika Yazon","doi":"10.1177/16094069231211121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231211121","url":null,"abstract":"Co-designing research-informed guidelines with youth for adapting research methods to other contexts has received little research attention. We report on guidelines co-designed with youth for adapting arts-based methods (ABM) for youth mental health (MH) research in online environments. Seven youth co-researchers participated in 3 co-design workshops and 2 graphic recording focus groups. Data analysis involved a thematic analysis approach. We identified one overarching theme (sustaining mindful presence when conducting research) and 4 subthemes (creating a safe space, youth having a say, facilitating meaningful engagement, paying receptive attention throughout the research process). Facilitating participants’ authentic expression in online environments requires: 1) Letting youth self-identify; 2) incorporating diversity and inclusion; 3) providing accommodations, recognition, and compensation; 4) language considerations; 5) offering ABM training and resources for creating art; 6) using virtual platforms youth use; 7) being mindful of ethical considerations and technology fatigue; 8) addressing barriers in accessing and using technology; 9) providing choice in type of ABM and research methods used; and 10) providing options for communicating during research activities and for engaging in research outside of allotted time (e.g., email, group chat). These research-informed guidelines can be useful for conducting youth MH research and other youth research in online environments.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engaging Children in Intervention Development – A Comparison of Four Qualitative Methods and Their Suitability to Elicit Information Relevant for Early Intervention Development","authors":"Isabella Pollak, Katharina A.M. Stiehl, Beate Schrank, James Birchwood, Ina Krammer, Marija Mitic, Jack C. Rogers, Kate A. Woodcock","doi":"10.1177/16094069231204775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231204775","url":null,"abstract":"Stakeholder involvement in intervention development has become increasingly popular and is understood as crucial for successful implementation. However, methodological difficulties persist regarding the implementation of appropriate participatory methods to engage children and collect relevant information for intervention development. This paper discusses four creative, qualitative methods – a brainstorming task, an individual letter, a story-based task, and a focus group task – and compares their suitability to generate relevant information for early intervention development. These four methods were used in the early stages of a project aiming to develop a peer relationship intervention and were analysed using thematic analysis. Based on theoretical considerations, information categories (a) definition aspects, (b) context factors, and (c) change mechanisms were of interest, while (d) examples and experience and (e) additional information were identified as prevalent categories through inductive thematic analysis. Definition was a prevalent theme generated by the brainstorming task, although the sticky note format limited the depth of individual answers. The secret letter, which allowed children to share ideas privately, was found to be useful for generating more in-depth reflections on definitions and personal experiences. Stories and focus group discussions were found to be useful for generating varied context factors and change mechanisms, although stories also generated fictional elements and external solutions. Providing different qualitative methods and allowing children to choose how they prefer to communicate their thoughts proved important for collecting authentic, in-depth information.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136302388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing In-Person and Online Modalities for Photo Elicitation Interviews Among a Vulnerable Population: Recruitment, Retention, and Data Collection Applications","authors":"Allison N. Marshall, Quenette L. Walton, Chinyere Y. Eigege, Sajeevika S. Daundasekara, Daphne C. Hernandez","doi":"10.1177/16094069231205794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231205794","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the current study was to use Orsmond and Cohn’s feasibility framework to compare two methods of collecting photo elicitation interviews: (1) in-person and (2) online among low-income community college students. We described the feasibility of the recruitment and retention procedures and compared the participants’ characteristics and the type of data obtained by data collection modality. Focus group participants ( n = 34) were invited to participate in photo elicitation interviews regarding barriers to food access and associated material hardships. Prior to the pandemic, photo elicitation interviews were conducted in-person. Due to pandemic-related stay-at-home policies, photo elicitation interviews shifted to a video conferencing platform. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were used to compare the two data collection methods in terms of sample characteristics, the average length of each interview, and the number and type of photos submitted. Of 34 recruited participants, 28 participated in photo elicitation interviews (82.4% response rate; n = 13 in-person; n = 15 online) with a mean age of 39.75 years (range: 19–62). No significant differences were found in socio-demographic characteristics between interview modality groups. In both online and in-person photo elicitation groups, participants were more likely to be female, non-Hispanic Black, single, and unemployed. Overall, both modalities were found to be feasible to recruit and retain participants and collect data from low-income, community college students. We found similar data in terms of photographs, and similar codes and themes were generated from the interview data across both modalities. Using both modalities provided an opportunity to promote equity in research through inclusion of hard-to-reach populations who may experience barriers to participation such as transportation or childcare. This study can inform recruitment and retention efforts for quantitative and qualitative research, and data collection efforts for photo elicitation interviews. The lessons learned are critical to generating rich data and advancing research conducted among vulnerable populations.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136003487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“This is My Story”: Why People in Prison Participate in Qualitative Research","authors":"M. D. Di Marco, Sveinung Sandberg","doi":"10.1177/16094069231171102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231171102","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to understand why people agree to participate in qualitative research. While some studies have emphasized the motivation to participate in research, the nuances and underlying stories that favor participation have not yet been examined. Using data from repeated biographical open-ended interviews with men and women convicted of violent crimes in Argentina and Chile, we distinguish between stories emphasizing the interviews as a space or opportunity for a) healing and self-improvement, b) venting emotions, c) presenting alternative stories, and d) creating individual or systemic change. We also discuss stories that indicate a different direction, namely e) skepticism regarding research participation. The stories are discussed in view of self-presentations, the prison context, and issues of consent. Our study underscores the importance of critically exploring widespread narratives about the benefits of qualitative interviews. Understanding the stories that encourage or discourage participation in research allows for a more nuanced comprehension of the recruitment processes, consent to participate, and the qualitative interview dynamics.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47570790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility Meets Implementation Science: Narrowing the Research-To-Practice Gap for Exercise Activity in Multiple Sclerosis","authors":"James Smith, Onno van der Groen, Y. Learmonth","doi":"10.1177/16094069231180162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231180162","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need to identify why multiple sclerosis exercise research is not translating into real-world participation. To lay the foundations of strong clinical research, considering the translational element of implementation science at the feasibility phase of a trial is vital. Document analysis was used to examine document sources on exercise activity interventions designed for people living with multiple sclerosis. Document sources focused on multiple sclerosis research that incorporated exercise prescription elements and behaviour change and were feasibility studies incorporating aspects of implementation science. Implementation science should come much earlier than the efficacy or effectiveness research pipeline. An alternate view is outlined where feasibility and implementation science should meet based on case examples that have not yet shown strong efficacy or effectiveness. Findings from our key themes indicate a need for a cyclical iterative approach to the translational process. Multiple aspects of feasibility and how it can be assessed using an implementation science lens to support more successful interventions are provided. The determination of feasibility in behaviour change should involve implementation science as feasibility is drawn on for theory development, optimising the intervention design and quality of implementation strategies, and identifying those delivering the intervention before conducting efficacy and effectiveness research. Document analysis methodology is underused in qualitative research and was appropriate to use as it was a very resource, time-efficient and an unobtrusive process that could track change and development to explore the integration of implementation science at the feasibility phase, with the findings indicating the earlier implementation science is introduced into multiple sclerosis exercise interventions the better.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41918086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Diabetes Distress in Pre-existing Diabetes in Pregnancy: Protocol for an Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Study","authors":"Holly Tschirhart, J. Yost, J. Landeen, K. Nerenberg, D. Sherifali","doi":"10.1177/16094069221131192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069221131192","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes distress has been shown to be highly prevalent in adults living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with important implications for glycemic control, self-care, and self-management behaviors. Despite considerable focus on self-management and glycemic targets during pregnancy, current literature lacks information on diabetes distress in pregnancy, particularly in women with type 2 diabetes. This article outlines an explanatory sequential mixed methods research protocol to examine diabetes distress during pregnancy in women with pre-existing diabetes. The aims of the study were to: (1) establish the prevalence and correlates of diabetes distress in women attending a diabetes and pregnancy clinic; (2) use this quantitative data to inform development of an interview guide and plan for sampling for telephone interviews; and (3) explore and describe the experiences of diabetes distress during pregnancy. The quantitative strand was a cross-sectional survey of 76 women using self-reported questionnaires to collect demographic and clinical data, and validated tools to assess health variables, including the outcome of interest of diabetes distress using the Problem Area in Diabetes scale. The qualitative strand applied interpretive description methodology to explore the quantitative results using semi-structured qualitative interviews with 18 women to obtain patient perspectives of diabetes distress and experiences of managing diabetes in pregnancy. The explanatory sequential mixed methods research will provide an opportunity to add contextual qualitative experiences from women with pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy to provide a comprehensive picture of diabetes distress. The results will inform further research priorities that protect and promote mental health, psychosocial well-being, and self-management practices for this population.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41645108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Te Kore and the Artiste within: De-Tyrannizing Autistic Viewpoints in Life, Self, and Identity through Creative Methodologies”","authors":"M. Whitehead","doi":"10.1177/16094069231189612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231189612","url":null,"abstract":"The voices of the autistic community have been systematically forfeited in research and practice, both as a consequence of the double empathy problem and, as a direct result of albeist methodic approaches to researching and representing autism (Milton, 2012., Goodley, 2016, 2018., Heilker & Yergeau, 2011., Hobson et al, 2022., Ridout, 2017). Methodologically speaking, autism creates challenges for allistic researchers, particularly as there is an associated “exaggerated risk” of researching autistic people and as researchers frequently study and thus experience autism, from etic perspectives (Van De Hoonard, 2016, p. 585). This paper contends that these challenges have resulted in a lack of flexibility in methodologies designed to protect those at risk of harm, creating disproportionate fear and an over-surveillance of autistic research participants, despite their potential. Inertia is a direct consequence of this, which manifests itself twofold. Firstly, as the struggle researchers have in capturing meaningful and authentic autistic representation and secondly, of the methodic implications autistic inertia presents. What is suggested, therefore, is a subversion of homogeneous ways of knowing from the production of quasi-aesthetic representations of autistic voice, favoring those creative methodologies which appreciate that autism is not experienced diachronically. As to capture the realities of contemporary autistic life, dividing practices of ableism must be challenged (Goodley, 2018). Therefore, by centralizing autistic research participants as “insiders” to autistic worlds, researchers will have to lay aside academic habits and rethink, heuristically, how to privilege unobscured autistic voices through transabelism (Garland-Thompson, 2005). For in order to carve out hybrid dilatory spaces from which autistic people can develop their narrative capital, a transableist agenda must be pushed. What will ensue are creative and flexible methodologies that align with social justice beliefs and resist methodic stasis and inertia; as decisions to explore the lifeworlds we experience, as autists, comes with no modus operandi.","PeriodicalId":48220,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42128910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}