Social Psychology Quarterly最新文献

{"title":"When a Name Gives You Pause: Racialized Names and Time to Adoption in a County Dog Shelter","authors":"Natasha Quadlin, Bradley Montgomery","doi":"10.1177/01902725221090900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725221090900","url":null,"abstract":"Racialized names carry both penalties and premiums in social life. Prior research on implicit associations shows that racialized names tend to activate feelings of racial bias, such that people are more positively inclined toward White-sounding names than they are toward Black- and Hispanic-sounding names. But to what extent do racialized names continue to matter when they do not belong to people? In this article, we use an original data set collected over six months at a high-volume shelter where dogs are frequently given racialized names (N = 1,636). We also conducted a survey with a crowdsourced sample to gauge the racial perceptions of each dog’s name. We combine these data sets to examine how racial perceptions of names are associated with time to adoption, a meaningful outcome that captures people’s willingness to welcome a dog into their family. We find that as dogs’ names are increasingly perceived as White, people adopt them faster. Conversely, as dogs’ names are increasingly perceived as nonhuman (e.g., Fluffy), people adopt them slower. Perceptions of Black names are likewise tied to slower times to adoption, with this effect being concentrated among pit bulls, a breed that is stereotyped as dangerous and racialized as Black. These findings demonstrate the remarkable durability of racialized names. These names shape people’s behavior and their impressions of others even when they are attached to animals—not just humans.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"210 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43495385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Saved” by Interaction, Living by Race: The Diversity Demeanor in an Organizational Space","authors":"Jelani Ince","doi":"10.1177/01902725221096373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725221096373","url":null,"abstract":"Sociologists have written surprisingly little about the role of social interactions in facilitating the success of racial diversity initiatives in contemporary organizations. The push for racial inclusion across multiple institutions illustrates that racial diversity is a widespread cultural mythology. However, social interactions are living component of cultural ideals, and successful interracial interactions are necessary to pull off diversity. In this article, I use ethnographic data gathered from parishioners of an interracial religious organization to look beyond “happy talk” and toward the tangible effort that is required to accomplish racial diversity on the ground. Specifically, I advance the concept of the diversity demeanor: racialized interaction rituals that smooth social interactions in interracial settings. Using the contributions of symbolic interactionism to examine race as a social relationship mediated through formal organizations offers a number of advantages. It reveals how the burden of making diversity happen falls on the shoulders of racial minorities who must “save” interactions and develop White actors’ understandings when they “mess up.” By developing the concept of the diversity demeanor, I bring attention to how macrolevel systems of stratification manifest within microlevel practices in the meso space of a religious organization.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"259 - 278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48261514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vicarious Discrimination, Psychosocial Resources, and Mental Health among Black Americans","authors":"P. Louie, Laura Upenieks","doi":"10.1177/01902725221079279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725221079279","url":null,"abstract":"Does hearing about or witnessing someone else experience discrimination harm individuals’ mental health? Using data from the Nashville Stress and Health Study, we answer this question by examining how vicarious discrimination impacts depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and anger among black Americans. We also test whether mastery and self-esteem moderate the association between vicarious discrimination and each mental health outcome. Findings indicate experiencing vicarious discrimination via a family member has a similar impact on mental health to personally experiencing discrimination. While experiencing vicarious discrimination via a close friend also increased mental health problems, it appeared to be less harmful than personally experiencing discrimination. Moreover, self-esteem moderated the association between vicarious discrimination via a family member and via a close friend and mental health, while mastery did not. This study provides new insights into ways vicarious discrimination impacts health as well as the role that psychosocial resources play in shaping this relationship.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"187 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42686444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Help-Seeking Tendencies and Subjective Well-Being: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of the United States and Japan","authors":"Verity Y. Q. Lua, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Andree Hartanto, A. Leung","doi":"10.1177/01902725221077075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725221077075","url":null,"abstract":"Help-seeking is commonly conceived as an instrumental behavior that improves people’s subjective well-being. However, most findings supporting a positive association between help-seeking and subjective well-being are observed in independence-preferring countries. Drawing from research demonstrating that the pathways to subjective well-being are culturally divergent, we posit that help-seeking tendencies may be detrimental to subjective well-being for members in interdependence-preferring countries where norms for preserving relational harmony and face concerns are prevalent. This study tested the moderating role of country in the relationship between help-seeking tendencies and subjective well-being using data from 5,068 American and Japanese participants. Results revealed that although help-seeking tendencies were associated with greater life satisfaction, higher positive affect, and lower negative affect among Americans, help-seeking tendencies were associated with poorer life satisfaction and lower positive affect among Japanese. We discuss the importance of adopting culturally sensitive perspectives when examining antecedents of subjective well-being.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"164 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42577806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vocal Accommodation and Perceptions of Speakers’ Prestige and Dominance","authors":"Joseph Dippong, W. Kalkhoff, Cayce Jamil","doi":"10.1177/01902725221084273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725221084273","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the causes and consequences of vocal accommodation is accumulating rapidly in social psychology, but important puzzles remain. Recent work has shown that patterns of vocal accommodation among actors engaged in competitive interactions (e.g., debates) are related to audience perceptions of their relative dominance but not prestige. This makes intuitive sense, but it remains unclear how audience perceptions of actors’ relative dominance and/or prestige are impacted in cooperative group interactions and whether and to what extent audience perceptions agree with actors’ own perceptions. Building on past theory and research on vocal accommodation, we address these methodological questions by analyzing data from two experimental studies. Results reveal that for cooperative interactions involving two actors, vocal accommodation is associated with actor and observer perceptions of dominance and prestige, but not to an equal extent. For actors, vocal accommodation is more strongly predictive of their perceptions of each other’s relative prestige. For observers, vocal accommodation is more strongly predictive of their perceptions of actors’ relative dominance. We offer an explanation for the difference and provide directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"111 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46982934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reductionism: Friend or Foe of an Integrative Social Psychology?","authors":"N. MacKinnon","doi":"10.1177/01902725221081948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725221081948","url":null,"abstract":"I begin my address by identifying three vertical directions of reductionism (upward, horizontal, and downward) with ontological (descriptive) and epistemological (explanatory) forms. Following a brief discussion of horizontal reductionism, I deal with upward reductionism in terms of postmodernist thought and its influence on social scientists. In my discussion of downward reductionism, I reject ontological (descriptive) reductionism while embracing a qualified version of epistemological (explanatory) reductionism. While admitting psychological and biological variables to explanation of social phenomena, this qualified version of explanatory reductionism maintains that individual-level variables cannot explain social phenomena without residue because such phenomena have emergent properties. I support my argument by discussing the perceived threat of neuroscience by psychologists and the lesson it holds for sociology and social psychology with respect to employing individual-level explanatory variables. Following a discussion of affect control theory and cultural sociology as examples of the qualified version of explanatory reductionism advanced in this address, I present a model of an integrative social psychology, locating different kinds of reductionism and social psychological theories in this model.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"6 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49011490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction of Neil J. MacKinnon, 2021 Cooley-Mead Award Recipient","authors":"Amy Kroska, David R. Heise, L. Smith-Lovin","doi":"10.1177/01902725221085332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725221085332","url":null,"abstract":"We are honored to introduce Neil MacKinnon as the 2021 recipient of the Cooley-Mead Award. Neil has influenced sociological social psychology with pathbreaking theoretical and empirical work that has helped shape contemporary understandings of impression formation, emotions, identities and the self, social institutions, and culture. Neil grew up in Nova Scotia, Canada, and did his undergraduate work at the University of Windsor, graduating in just three years, with a double major in sociology and philosophy. He then began graduate studies in sociology at the University of Illinois, where he made intensive use of that university’s powerful computers and its faculty resources on multivariate analyses. In 1970, after just three years, Neil completed his doctoral dissertation on the structure of role expectations. He was Dr. MacKinnon just six years after graduating from high school! After two years at the University of Minnesota, Neil moved back to Canada and began working at the University of Guelph, where he spent the remainder of his career. During the early years of his career, he published social psychological work on role expectations and role strain and more macro-oriented studies of urban migration and educational attainment. In 1978, Neil used a sabbatical to go to the Department of Sociology at the University of North Carolina as a visiting scholar. He connected with all of the prominent scholars of advanced statistical methods that had attracted him there, but he soon concentrated his activities in the group working on affect control theory (ACT), led by David Heise with Lynn Smith-Lovin as a core graduate student. Results of a large National Institute of Mental Health study were pouring in, and Neil took on the task of analyzing perceived likelihoods of interpersonal events, the first comprehensive test of the theory’s predictions. A few years after his sabbatical, Neil initiated a massive cross-cultural replication of all the basic empirical work in ACT, including the development of Canadian impression-formation equations. He identified cross-cultural differences in impression-formation processes and laid the groundwork for other scholars to","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43256163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Identities and Sources of Reflected Appraisals in Identity Theory","authors":"M. Gallagher, K. Marcussen, R. Serpe","doi":"10.1177/01902725221081798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725221081798","url":null,"abstract":"Identity theory assumes that individuals seek identity verification in the form of consistency between the meanings implied by perceived feedback from others (reflected appraisals) and their own self-meanings (identity standards) during social interaction. When there is a lack of identity verification (discrepancy), individuals experience negative outcomes such as psychological distress. Most adults hold multiple identities, and discrepancies in certain identities may cause more distress than others. Moreover, reflected appraisals come from various sources, and discrepancies with certain sources may be more influential than others. Yet most research on identity verification has not included multiple identities or multiple sources of reflected appraisals. We use structural equation modeling to simultaneously investigate associations between identity discrepancies with four sources of reflected appraisals (spouse, family, friends, and others in general) and distress (depressive symptoms) in a sample of 735 respondents who occupy three identities (spouse/partner, parent, and religious). We find that discrepancies in more obligatory identities and those involving reflected appraisals from more proximal sources of feedback are most consistently associated with depressive symptoms. Implications of these findings for advancing identity theory and research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"142 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46018557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing Like a Musician: Integrating Sensory Perception of Self into a Social Theory of Self-Reflexivity","authors":"Sarah Maslen","doi":"10.1177/01902725211071106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725211071106","url":null,"abstract":"In Mead’s philosophy, we develop and present ourselves in anticipation of an audience, taking the role of other to “see” ourselves as we will be seen. But what we see when we take the position of other is not in fact what the other sees of ourselves. It is only the visible side of our experience that the other can grasp, leaving hidden our interior experiences. This article speaks to this conundrum left by Mead’s writing, presenting the training of musicians as a strategic site for showing why we need to go beyond Mead in social psychology, adding what Merleau-Ponty shows us of how we work on the invisible side of our experience. This research examines how classical music teachers work with students to deliberately transform their inner experience of their sound to align their self-perception with how others perceive them.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"65 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47375124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Belief in Meritocracy Reexamined: Scrutinizing the Role of Subjective Social Mobility","authors":"J. Mijs, Stijn Daenekindt, W. de Koster, J. van der Waal","doi":"10.1177/01902725211063818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01902725211063818","url":null,"abstract":"Despite decreasing intergenerational mobility, strengthening the ties between family background and children’s economic outcomes, Western citizens continue to believe in meritocracy. We study how meritocratic beliefs about success relate to individuals’ social mobility experiences: Is subjective upward mobility associated with meritocratic attributions of success and downward mobility with structuralist views? Whereas previous studies addressed the relevance of individuals’ current position or objective mobility, we leverage diagonal reference models to disentangle the role of subjective mobility, origin, and destination. Surveying a representative Dutch sample (n = 1,507), we find, echoing the Thomas theorem, that if people experience social mobility as real, it is real in its consequences: subjective upward mobility is associated with stronger meritocratic beliefs, and downward mobility is associated with stronger structuralist beliefs—but has no bearing on people’s meritocracy beliefs. This helps understand the muted political response to growing inequality: a small share of upwardly mobile individuals may suffice to uphold public faith in meritocracy.","PeriodicalId":48201,"journal":{"name":"Social Psychology Quarterly","volume":"85 1","pages":"131 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47750227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}