Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung最新文献_第5页

Signaling as a context-dependent strategy in action control. 信号作为动作控制中的情境依赖策略。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02145-w

Lorena Hell, Christoph Felix Geissler, Philip Schmalbrock, Christian Frings

{"title":"Signaling as a context-dependent strategy in action control.","authors":"Lorena Hell, Christoph Felix Geissler, Philip Schmalbrock, Christian Frings","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02145-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02145-w","url":null,"abstract":"In sequential two-choice tasks, performance is typically improved when both the stimulus features and the response are repeated but worsens when only one of them repeats and the other changes (partial repetition costs). The signaling account assumes a bias of response selection towards a repetition or change by applying a heuristic that uses the relation between previous and current stimulus features as a response signal. We investigated whether the signaling heuristic is modulated by contextual information, specifically the comparability of different display set sizes that signal a response with either few or many stimuli. Participants worked through a sequential task while display set sizes were varied within (Exp. 1, N = 45; enabling comparison between displays), or between participants (Exp. 2; N = 130, enabling no comparison between displays). Contrary to findings in typical two-choice tasks, partial repetition costs were not observed with small set sizes and only emerged at larger set sizes in Experiment 1 but were similar in Experiment 2. These results suggest that signaling incorporates context information to adapt the usage of stimulus information for response strategies in accordance with the environment.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 4","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From observation to cognition: The impact of watching actions on child thought processes. 从观察到认知：观察行为对儿童思维过程的影响。

IF 2.3 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02129-w

Yaqi Yue, Lijuan Wang

{"title":"From observation to cognition: The impact of watching actions on child thought processes.","authors":"Yaqi Yue, Lijuan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02129-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02129-w","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has demonstrated that children's execution of actions consistent with their thinking can enhance cognitive processes. However, it remains unclear whether observing others performing actions consistent with thinking has a similar facilitative effect. In Experiment 1, we compared children's accuracy and reaction times in an observation group and an execution group under conditions involving actions that were either consistent or less consistent with thinking. The results showed that both groups performed better on tasks involving actions consistent with thinking, with the observation group slightly outperforming the execution group. Building on these findings, Experiment 2 investigated the impact of different observation modes (direct or indirect observation) and the presence of objects while observing others' actions on individual cognitive performance. The findings revealed that differences in task performance due to changes in observation mode were mainly reflected in the fluency of thinking, with direct observation being superior to indirect observation. The presence or absence of objects did not affect task performance. These results suggest that the sensorimotor system plays a causal and constitutive role in the development of higher cognitive processes, and this role can also be fulfilled by observing the actions of others.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming: Priming from thoughts and imagined activities. 语义-自传式记忆启动：由思想和想象活动启动。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02143-y

John H Mace, Hope E Aaron

{"title":"Semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming: Priming from thoughts and imagined activities.","authors":"John H Mace, Hope E Aaron","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02143-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02143-y","url":null,"abstract":"Research has shown that the activation of semantic memories leads to the activation of autobiographical memories. Known as semantic-to-autobiographical memory priming, this form of priming has been demonstrated to prime involuntary autobiographical memories with a wide variety of different stimuli (e.g., words, pictures, sentences, sounds, tactile stimuli, etc.). Our goal in the current study was to extend semantic-to-autobiographical priming to two unexplored processes, activities and thoughts. In Experiment 1, we explored priming from activities and thoughts by having participants imagine activities (e.g., imagine yourself exercising) and think about topics (e.g., think about holidays). These priming sessions occurred in between vigilance task trials. The vigilance task measures involuntary autobiographical memories by presenting participants with slides that contain lines and word phrases. Participants are instructed to note when slides contain vertical lines, as well as note if they experience spontaneous thoughts or memories. The slides used in our study contained phrases that were both related and unrelated to the primes. In Experiment 2, the priming phase and the vigilance task phase were separated by several minutes. The results of both experiments showed that primed participants produced more involuntary memories related to the content of the imagined activity and thought primes than control participants, who received imagined activity and thought primes that were unrelated to the vigilance task cues. The results support the idea that activities and thoughts can influence the production of involuntary autobiographical memories in everyday life. The results also support the idea that semantic-to-autobiographical priming is diverse.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flashbulb memories for the declaration of the COVID-19 alarm state: Age-related differences. 宣布COVID-19警报状态的闪光灯记忆：与年龄相关的差异。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02140-1

Alaitz Aizpurua Sanz, Malen Migueles Seco, Iratxe Unibaso-Markaida

{"title":"Flashbulb memories for the declaration of the COVID-19 alarm state: Age-related differences.","authors":"Alaitz Aizpurua Sanz, Malen Migueles Seco, Iratxe Unibaso-Markaida","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02140-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02140-1","url":null,"abstract":"There is little research on flashbulb memories (FBM) concerning the COVID-19 pandemic, and previous findings on age-related differences in FBM are mixed. This study aims to analyse whether the recall of the declaration of the alarm state triggered by COVID-19 has the characteristics of FBM, and to examine age-related differences considering three age groups: young, middle-aged, and older adults. Typically used canonical categories were examined (e.g., where were you when you heard the news, what were you doing?) considering the specificity (amount of detail in the responses) and confidence in each response. Additionally, thoughts and emotions generated by the event were analysed. The results show that the alarm state statement meets the main characteristics of FBM; that is, participants recalled the required categories with detail, high perception of reliving, and confidence. Moreover, young people recalled the reported categories in more detail than middle-aged or older adults did. Interestingly, middle-aged people behaved similarly to older people, showing the need to consider this age group in future memory research.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12141116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal relationships between visuospatial working memory, verbal counting and number line knowledge in preschoolers. 学龄前儿童视觉空间工作记忆、言语计数和数轴知识的纵向关系。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02142-z

Sandra Pellizzoni, Federica Granello, Alessandro Cuder, Eleonora Doz, Maria Chiara Passolunghi

{"title":"Longitudinal relationships between visuospatial working memory, verbal counting and number line knowledge in preschoolers.","authors":"Sandra Pellizzoni, Federica Granello, Alessandro Cuder, Eleonora Doz, Maria Chiara Passolunghi","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02142-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02142-z","url":null,"abstract":"Number line knowledge is widely recognized as a strong predictor of children's math achievement. In this longitudinal study, we investigated the interplay between domain-general (i.e., visuospatial working memory) and domain specific indicators (i.e., verbal counting, one-to-one counting) of number line knowledge in children attending the second and third year of preschool. A total of 135 children underwent assessments in two phases (T1 and T2), five months apart. At T1 children were tested on visuospatial WM, verbal counting, one-to-one counting, and number line knowledge. At T2, the evaluation of number line knowledge was repeated. Path analysis revealed that children's visuospatial WM predicted number line knowledge at T2, both directly and indirectly through the mediators of verbal counting and number line knowledge at T1. Findings suggest visuospatial WM is essential for acquiring number line knowledge and that verbal counting may serve as a strategy for estimating number positions in number line tasks. The implications of these findings for early math education in preschool settings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Was the study time allocation based on expectation-maximization in value-test likelihood tradeoff situation? 在价值测试可能性权衡的情况下，学习时间分配是否基于期望最大化？

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02141-0

Hui Xu, Yue Chu, Xiuya Li, Ruoyu Hou, Weihai Tang, Xiping Liu

{"title":"Was the study time allocation based on expectation-maximization in value-test likelihood tradeoff situation?","authors":"Hui Xu, Yue Chu, Xiuya Li, Ruoyu Hou, Weihai Tang, Xiping Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02141-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02141-0","url":null,"abstract":"When preparing for entrance exams, learners often face limited study time and need to allocate it by making trade-offs among items with varying combinations of scores and test likelihoods. This study explored how learners allocate study time under time constraints by establishing a trade-off situation with three types of items: low score-high test likelihood, high score-low likelihood, and medium score-medium likelihood. The learners needed to allocate study time to the items. Experiment 1 found that participants allocated the most study time to medium score-medium likelihood items rather than to those with the highest scores or likelihood. They also allocated equal time to low score-high likelihood and high score-low likelihood items despite their differing expected scores. It suggests that under short time constraints, learners did not rely solely on expected scores to allocate study time. In actual learning processes, the influence of difficulty cannot be overlooked. Therefore, Experiment 2 examined whether item difficulty affected the allocation strategy. Results indicated that even with varying difficulty levels, learners did not base their decisions entirely on expected scores. To rule out the possibility that the 5-second time constraint was too short to allocate study time based on expected utility, Experiment 3 extended the study time but found that learners still did not allocate time according to expected utility under longer time constraints. It suggests that learners consider both scores and test likelihoods; however, their allocation process is not completely based on the expected scores. These findings contradict the expected utility theory.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attention on demand: Do people strategically heighten control when distraction is expected but rare? 关注需求：当分散注意力的可能性很小时，人们会策略性地加强控制吗？

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02131-2

Christopher O Nuño, Merve Ileri-Tayar, Julie M Bugg

{"title":"Attention on demand: Do people strategically heighten control when distraction is expected but rare?","authors":"Christopher O Nuño, Merve Ileri-Tayar, Julie M Bugg","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02131-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02131-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: People reliably relax cognitive control in response to pre-cues signaling a low likelihood of distraction (e.g., mostly congruent lists). However, there is limited evidence that people heighten control when pre-cued that distraction is likely (e.g., mostly incongruent lists). One possible explanation for this asymmetry pertains to floor effects in mostly incongruent lists, where interference is minimal even without pre-cues. Hence, we examined whether individuals would heighten control in mostly congruent lists-where control is typically relaxed-when given pre-cues and novel instructions emphasizing the difficulty posed by infrequent but disruptive incongruent trials.Method: In Experiments 1a and 1b, participants performed a color-word Stroop task with mostly congruent and mostly incongruent lists and encountered informative or uninformative pre-cues before each list. Instructions highlighted the difficulty of performing well in mostly congruent lists (1a) or mostly incongruent lists (1b). In Experiment 2, we additionally tested whether forming implementation intentions would enhance pre-cue use and facilitate on-demand control.Results: Comparisons across Experiments 1a and 1b provided modest evidence that participants heightened control in response to pre-cues in mostly congruent lists. Experiment 2 found no additional benefit from implementation intentions.Conclusion: These findings suggest that perhaps individuals can heighten control on demand when distraction is infrequent but nonetheless disruptive, which may be critical given the potential to be caught off-guard in such conditions. However, other factors beyond list composition seem to contribute to the limited evidence of an on-demand heightening of control.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An examination of how reward associations facilitate and impair Stroop performance. 关于奖励联想如何促进和损害Stroop表现的研究。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02135-y

Brent Pitchford, Karen M Arnell

{"title":"An examination of how reward associations facilitate and impair Stroop performance.","authors":"Brent Pitchford, Karen M Arnell","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02135-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02135-y","url":null,"abstract":"Rewarded stimuli are prioritized by the attentional system. Behavioral performance is improved when the task-relevant dimension is tied to a potential reward but is impaired when the irrelevant dimension is reward related. Within the rewarded Stroop task, the facilitation (reward responsiveness) and impairment (modulation of interference of reward association; MIRA) from reward-associated stimuli are thought to be due to different cognitive processes. In four experiments, we explored whether reward responsiveness and MIRA were influenced by reward magnitude and persisted following reward discontinuation. We manipulated how informed participants were of the stimulus-reward contingency based on whether they received stimulus-reward color instructions and whether or not the stimulus-reward contingency was certain (i.e., one color was always tied to one reward outcome). Results suggest that greater reward magnitude increased reward responsiveness, especially when participants were informed about the stimulus-reward contingency. However, greater impairment (MIRA) by a large versus small reward related color word was only observed when participants had little knowledge of the reward contingency (i.e., no instructions and a more uncertain mapping of stimuli to rewards) or during the extinction phase when reward associated colors were less relevant. These findings highlight the distinction between reward responsiveness to maximize gains and the unintentional prioritization of related but irrelevant information and suggest that reward associations that elicit greater reward responsiveness do not necessarily lead to greater impairment of conflict processing.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Even with exposure to errors, motor imagery cannot update internal models. 即使暴露在错误中，运动意象也不能更新内部模型。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02138-9

Juliet M Rowe, Brooke C Cramer, Shaun G Boe

{"title":"Even with exposure to errors, motor imagery cannot update internal models.","authors":"Juliet M Rowe, Brooke C Cramer, Shaun G Boe","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02138-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02138-9","url":null,"abstract":"Recent evidence suggests that motor imagery is insufficient for updating internal models, essential for predicting and refining overt movement outcomes. The covert nature of motor imagery limits exposure to errors, perhaps preventing the updating of internal models. To explore this, 90 participants were exposed to a prism that shifted vision leftward, completing 20 physical pointing trials followed by either 230 more physical pointing trials [physical practice (PP)], 230 imagined pointing trials [physical practice motor imagery (PP-MI)], 230 unrelated task trials [physical practice control (PP-CTRL)], or no further trials [physical practice none (PP-None)]. We hypothesized that if exposure to errors is needed for motor imagery to update internal models, then PP-MI would exhibit aftereffects, characterized by pointing opposite to the prism shift (i.e., rightwards), similar to PP, but differing from PP-CTRL and PP-None. After prism exposure, all groups showed significant aftereffects (PP: 4.73° ± 2.12°, PP-MI: 2.62 ± 1.61, PP-CTRL: 2.58 ± 1.53, PP-None: 3.11 ± 1.68), however there were no significant differences in the magnitude of aftereffects between PP-MI, and PP-CTRL/PP-None. Our findings demonstrate that motor imagery alone is insufficient for updating internal models, even when participants are initially exposed to errors under a prism shift. This further reinforces that motor imagery is not a direct simulation of overt movement, as proposed by Motor Simulation Theory- the foundation for its use in rehabilitation. Deepening our understanding of how learning occurs through motor imagery is crucial for enhancing its effectiveness in practical applications like rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrospective attention: Examining temporally specific retrospective reports of mind wandering and engagement during online video lectures. 回顾性注意力：检查在线视频讲座中暂时特定的思维走神和专注的回顾报告。

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-025-02133-0

Samantha Ayers-Glassey, Effie J Pereira, Jeffrey D Wammes, Daniel Smilek

{"title":"Retrospective attention: Examining temporally specific retrospective reports of mind wandering and engagement during online video lectures.","authors":"Samantha Ayers-Glassey, Effie J Pereira, Jeffrey D Wammes, Daniel Smilek","doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02133-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00426-025-02133-0","url":null,"abstract":"Attention typically fluctuates on a moment-to-moment basis and often declines over time-on-task during online video lectures. We explored people's retrospective reports of specific moments of their prior states of mind wandering and engagement. Undergraduate participants reported in-the-moment levels of either mind wandering (n = 79) or engagement (n = 77) while watching two 15 min video lectures. Then, they were shown short clips from the videos as cues to retrospectively report their levels of mind wandering or engagement from their initial viewing of those specific sections. Finally, participants completed a short content quiz. We found that (a) typical time-on-task effects generally occurred for both in-the-moment and retrospective reports of mind wandering and engagement; (b) there was high temporal concordance between individuals' retrospective and in-the-moment ratings of both mind wandering and engagement; and (c) performance on the content quiz was correlated with both in-the-moment and retrospective reports of mind wandering and engagement. These findings suggest that individuals can retrospectively report their prior states of both mind wandering and engagement with temporal accuracy. These reports could be based on specific recollections of prior attentional states or inferences made from the video clips used to cue recall.","PeriodicalId":48184,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Research-Psychologische Forschung","volume":"89 3","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0