Journal of Comparative Economics最新文献_第6页

The impact of educated leaders on economic development: Evidence from India 受过教育的领导人对经济发展的影响:来自印度的证据

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.05.001

Chandan Jain , Shagun Kashyap , Rahul Lahoti , Soham Sahoo

{"title":"The impact of educated leaders on economic development: Evidence from India","authors":"Chandan Jain , Shagun Kashyap , Rahul Lahoti , Soham Sahoo","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although formal education is often considered an indicator of political leaders’ quality, the evidence on the effectiveness of educated leaders is mixed. Besides, minimum education qualifications are increasingly being used as requirements for contesting elections, making it critical to understand the role of politicians’ education in their performance. This study investigates the impact of electing an educated politician on economic development in the politician’s constituency in India. The analysis uses constituency-level panel data on the intensity of night-time lights to measure economic activity. The identification strategy is based on a regression discontinuity design that exploits quasi-random outcomes of close elections between educated and less-educated politicians. The results show that narrowly electing a graduate leader, as compared to a non-graduate leader, in the state assembly constituency increases the growth rate of night-time lights by about 3 percentage points in the constituency. As pathways, graduate leaders are found to improve the provision of roads, electricity, and power; however, they do not significantly impact the overall provision of public goods. In comparison with findings from other studies in the literature, these results suggest that the impact of formal education of the leader is weaker than the leader’s other characteristics, such as gender or criminality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49754093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Societal diversity, group identities and their implications for tax morale 社会多样性、群体认同及其对税收士气的影响

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.04.005

Fabian ten Kate , Mariko J. Klasing , Petros Milionis

引用次数: 0

Catholics, Protestants and Muslims: Similar work ethics, different social and political ethics 天主教徒、新教徒和穆斯林:相似的工作伦理，不同的社会和政治伦理

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.004

Miguel Abellán

{"title":"Catholics, Protestants and Muslims: Similar work ethics, different social and political ethics","authors":"Miguel Abellán","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper employs data from the World Values Survey (1995–2020) and the European Values Study (1999–2020) to test three hypotheses on attitudinal differences between Catholics, Protestants and Muslims: (1) the <em>work ethic hypothesis,</em> which covers attitudes towards work and some fundamental characteristics of the market economy; (2) the <em>social ethic hypothesis</em>, which concerns interpersonal trust, ethical standards and attitudes towards gender equality; (3) the <em>political ethic hypothesis</em>, which involves attitudes towards democracy and political violence, institutional trust and preferences for government-organized redistribution. The empirical analysis provides very little support for the <em>work ethic hypothesis</em> but solid support for the <em>social</em> and <em>political ethic hypothesis</em>. Although the results should be ultimately interpreted as partial correlations, they support the following argument. Market forces and the rise of post-materialist values may have dissolved the original role of a work ethic rooted in religion (especially in the Catholic and Protestant world). Yet, the socio-political ethic associated with Catholicism, Protestantism and Islam continues to manifest itself in attitudinal differences concerning interpersonal trust, ethical standards and gender equality, and in political preferences. A complementary analysis of regions with a historically strong influence of Catholicism, Protestantism and Islam supports this argument and suggests that the current attitudinal differences between the three religions are more related to their cultural and historical legacy than to current personal commitment to their specific doctrines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49754585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Firms’ access to finance in resource-based countries and the financial resource curse 资源型国家企业融资渠道与金融资源诅咒

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.04.004

Olivier Damette , Sandrine Kablan , Clément Mathonnat

{"title":"Firms’ access to finance in resource-based countries and the financial resource curse","authors":"Olivier Damette , Sandrine Kablan , Clément Mathonnat","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2023.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2023.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a panel of more than 156 000 firms surveyed in 140 countries over the 2003–2019 period, this paper addresses the issue of the financial resource curse through a new channel that thus far has not been accounted for in the literature, namely, firms’ access to finance. To do this, our econometric analysis is based on an original approach combining microeconomic level data on firms’ access to finance and macroeconomic level data on countries’ level of natural resource rents, with a focus on energy rents (oil, gas and coal). By doing so, we are able to investigate in a more precise and disaggregated way the mechanisms explaining why resource-based countries are associated with less developed financial systems. Using panel regressions, we find significant and robust evidence that firms operating in countries characterized by a high level of natural resource rents suffer from less access to external financing. Moreover, depending on two important transmission channels, namely, the quality of institutions and the extent of supply constraints, we find heterogeneities in the relationship between firms’ access to finance and countries’ level of natural resource rents. In addition, we show that the countries’ level of natural resource rents has a significant and negative correlation with firms’ access to finance only for firms that do not operate in the natural resource sector. This provides new evidence of the Dutch disease phenomenon, since the lack of firms’ financing can also be an explanation for the atrophy of sectors unrelated to the natural resource sector.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49767546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Maternity support and child health: Unintended gendered effects 产妇支助和儿童保健:意外的性别影响

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.03.002

Aishwarya Kekre , Kanika Mahajan

{"title":"Maternity support and child health: Unintended gendered effects","authors":"Aishwarya Kekre , Kanika Mahajan","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper evaluates a maternity support conditional cash transfer (CCT) scheme, launched in October 2011, on short and long-run health outcomes of children in India. We estimate intent-to-treat effects of the program by exploiting a natural experiment arising from select geographical implementation and the eligibility of program benefits for first/second born children using the National Family Health Survey-4 data. We find an increase in birth weight, duration of breastfeeding and long term weight-forage, with a larger impact on male children. The effects are positive for height-for-age and negative for infant mortality, albeit insignificant, and significantly negative for neonatal mortality but only over a longer time period. These results are in contrast to the existing two studies in the nascent literature, which in the context of limited availability of healthcare services, find no effect of maternity support CCTs on child health outcomes. Thus, our findings show that institutional factors that ensure access to local health infrastructure for meeting the imposed conditionalities are important for the success of maternal CCT schemes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49754234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is property driving income distribution? – An analysis of the linkage between income and wealth in Finland, France and Spain 财产是否推动了收入分配?-分析芬兰、法国和西班牙的收入和财富之间的联系

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.006

Ilja Kristian Kavonius , Veli-Matti Törmälehto

引用次数: 0

A rising tide that lifts all boats: An analysis of economic freedom and inequality using matching methods 水涨船高:用匹配方法分析经济自由与不平等

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.03.001

Justin T. Callais , Andrew T. Young

引用次数: 1

Effects of public sector wages on corruption: Wage inequality matters 公共部门工资对腐败的影响:工资不平等问题

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.03.005

Asli Demirgüç-Kunt, Michael Lokshin, Vladimir Kolchin

引用次数: 0

Past exposure to macroeconomic shocks and populist attitudes in Europe 过去受到宏观经济冲击和欧洲民粹主义态度的影响

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.04.002

Despina Gavresi , Anastasia Litina

引用次数: 0

Staying on top: Political cycles in private bank lending 稳居高位:私人银行贷款的政治周期

IF 2.7 2区经济学

Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.03.003

Zuzana Fungáčová , Koen Schoors , Laura Solanko , Laurent Weill

引用次数: 1