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Ballot structure and political selection. Evidence from changes in electoral rules 选票结构和政治选举。选举规则变化的证据
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.001
Erasmo Papagni , Anna Laura Baraldi , Maria Rosaria Alfano
{"title":"Ballot structure and political selection. Evidence from changes in electoral rules","authors":"Erasmo Papagni ,&nbsp;Anna Laura Baraldi ,&nbsp;Maria Rosaria Alfano","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This paper studies the effect of different ballot structures in proportional representation systems on the educational attainment of elected politicians as a proxy for their “ability”. By exploiting the Italian electoral reform that switched from open to blocked lists of candidates, the difference-in-differences analysis shows that the reform lowered the educational attainment of national politicians compared to the counterfactual (regional politicians). The dynamic impact of the reform is persistent over time, and it is robust to several concerns. The estimates account for the changes in the party system due to the “Clean hands” judicial inquiry against political corruption that began in 1992. The voters’ choice of </span><em>better</em> politicians than political parties seems to be the most likely mechanism behind the results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49766699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Access to local citizenship and internal migration in a developing country: Evidence from a Hukou reform in China 发展中国家获得当地公民身份与内部移民:来自中国户口改革的证据
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.08.004
Zhangfeng Jin, Junsen Zhang
{"title":"Access to local citizenship and internal migration in a developing country: Evidence from a Hukou reform in China","authors":"Zhangfeng Jin,&nbsp;Junsen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2022.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2022.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the impact of access to local citizenship (i.e., the status of being local residents with hukou in the context of China) on internal migration by exploiting variations in the timing and intensity of exposure to a hukou reform across 283 Chinese cities. Using population censuses and data we collected on the adoption of the hukou reform, we find that improved access to hukou substantially increases migration. The impact is more pronounced for young and low- and medium-skilled workers. Moreover, the impact persists over the long term. The policy positively affects local labor market probably through increased domestic consumption from migrants who (are prepared to) obtain local hukou in destinations. These findings demonstrate the importance of lifting barriers to local citizenship for internal migration in China. Underlying mechanisms and competing hypotheses are also analyzed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49756453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
ACES membership form ace会员表格
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0147-5967(23)00021-5
{"title":"ACES membership form","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-5967(23)00021-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-5967(23)00021-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49760764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The roots of female emancipation: Initializing role of Cool Water 女性解放的根源:凉水的初始化作用
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.11.001
Manuel Santos Silva , Amy C. Alexander , Stephan Klasen , Christian Welzel
{"title":"The roots of female emancipation: Initializing role of Cool Water","authors":"Manuel Santos Silva ,&nbsp;Amy C. Alexander ,&nbsp;Stephan Klasen ,&nbsp;Christian Welzel","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Cool Water condition is a climatic configuration that combines periodically frosty winters with mildly warm summers under the ubiquitous accessibility of fresh water. Historically, it embodied opportunity endowments that weakened fertility pressures, resulting in household formation patterns that empowered women and reduced gender inequality. Reviewing the literature on the deep historic roots of gender inequality, this paper theorizes and provides evidence for a trajectory that (1) originates in the Cool Water climatic configuration, (2) leads to late female marriages in preindustrial times, and (3) eventually paves the way for various gender-egalitarian patterns of the present.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49756293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Changes to JCE's board of associate editors JCE副编辑委员会的变动
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.003
Ruben Enikolopov , Timur Kuran , Hongbin Li
{"title":"Changes to JCE's board of associate editors","authors":"Ruben Enikolopov ,&nbsp;Timur Kuran ,&nbsp;Hongbin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2023.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49760669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of corruption on foreign direct investment: Evidence from Swedish multinational enterprises 腐败对外国直接投资的影响:来自瑞典跨国企业的证据
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.004
Susanna Thede , Patrik Karpaty
{"title":"Effects of corruption on foreign direct investment: Evidence from Swedish multinational enterprises","authors":"Susanna Thede ,&nbsp;Patrik Karpaty","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we provide novel evidence on the adjustment of multinational enterprises (MNEs) to corrupt environments. We examine if the corruption barrier to entry is reduced by corruption experience (i.e., previous investment in a corrupt system) using a rich enterprise data set on Swedish manufacturers’ activities in the 1997–2015 period. A mixed logit model, which accounts for enterprise-specific market substitution patterns, is used to ensure the accuracy of estimates. Our findings show that a strong deterrent effect of corruption is counteracted by corruption experience, which implies that MNEs learn to adjust to reduce corruption entry costs. Multinational enterprises that acquire corruption experience gain a competitive advantage over other enterprises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49766721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The motherhood penalty in China: Magnitudes, trends, and the role of grandparenting 中国的母亲惩罚:大小、趋势和祖父母的角色
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.005
Lingsheng Meng , Yunbin Zhang , Ben Zou
{"title":"The motherhood penalty in China: Magnitudes, trends, and the role of grandparenting","authors":"Lingsheng Meng ,&nbsp;Yunbin Zhang ,&nbsp;Ben Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2022.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper estimates the labor market impacts of parenthood in China. We find that becoming a mother has negative impacts on women's labor outcomes. But the impacts appear to recover sooner than what has been found in other countries. A decomposition exercise suggests that parenthood plays a limited role in explaining the large gender inequality in China's labor market. We document a form of intergenerational arrangement that is prevalent among Chinese families: Upon the arrival of a child, grandmothers substantially reduce market labor supply and provide much of the childcare. Grandparents’ help with childcare likely plays an important role in alleviating the motherhood effect. Suggestive evidence indicates that in return, grandparents who help with childcare receive more intra-family transfers and report higher subjective wellbeing. We further show that the motherhood effect, though relatively small, has increased substantially over the past decades. The rising gender gap in the labor market, the declining state sector that historically provides more flexible accommodations for working mothers, and the abolishment of the one-child policy all suggest a rising burden of motherhood on labor market outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49760753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of EU-funded enterprise grants on firms and workers 欧盟资助的企业补助对企业和工人的影响
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.001
Balázs Muraközy , Álmos Telegdy
{"title":"The effects of EU-funded enterprise grants on firms and workers","authors":"Balázs Muraközy ,&nbsp;Álmos Telegdy","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the effects of non-repayable enterprise grants on Hungarian SMEs, financed from the European Union’s Structural and Cohesion Funds between 2004–2014. Comparing firm- and worker level outcomes of successful and unsuccessful applicants, we find that subsidized firms increase their employment, sales, capital-to-labor ratio and labor productivity, but we find conflicting results for total factor productivity. The skill composition of workers is not affected by the grant, but wages increase, although only for skilled workers and especially managers. These results suggest that the program generates additional investment, but that investment leads to limited technology upgrading at best. According to our simple calculations, the cost of creating an additional job with this program was equivalent to 3 years average wage and each year’s grants contributed to aggregate SME labor productivity growth by 0.2-0.6 percentage points — with an annual cost often in excess of 1 percent of total SME value added.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49756458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Legacies of Vietnam's imperial examinations, 1075–1919: More investment in education and better educational outcomes 越南科举制度的遗产(1075-1919):更多的教育投资和更好的教育成果
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.004
Tien Manh Vu , Hiroyuki Yamada
{"title":"Legacies of Vietnam's imperial examinations, 1075–1919: More investment in education and better educational outcomes","authors":"Tien Manh Vu ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Yamada","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study measures the impact of the number of people who passed the Vietnamese imperial examinations (1075–1919) on the present-day quantity and quality of education in their home districts. Our analyses at the district and individual levels are based mainly on the data of successful imperial test takers, the 2009 population census, and 2009 National Entrance Exams to University test scores. We find a persistent legacy in educational attainment outcomes. Although there may be multiple channels that explain the long-term historical effects, a tradition of human capital investment and cultural elements are among the most important factors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49760670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Informal institution meets child development: Clan culture and child labor in China 非正式制度与儿童发展:中国的宗族文化与童工
IF 2.7 2区 经济学
Journal of Comparative Economics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.006
Can Tang , Zhong Zhao
{"title":"Informal institution meets child development: Clan culture and child labor in China","authors":"Can Tang ,&nbsp;Zhong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2022.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a national representative sample, the China Family Panel Studies, this paper explores the influences of clan culture, a hallmark of Chinese cultural history, on the prevalence of child labor in China. We find that clan culture significantly reduces the incidence of child labor and working hours of child laborer. The results exhibit strong boy bias, and are driven by boys rather than girls, which reflects the patrilineal nature of Chinese clan culture. Moreover, the impact is greater on boys from households with lower socioeconomic status, and in rural areas. Clan culture acts as a supplement to formal institutions: reduces the incidence of child labor through risk sharing and easing credit constraints, and helps form social norms to promote human capital investment. We also employ an instrument variable approach and carry out a series of robustness checks to further confirm the findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48183,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49756005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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